What are the quality issues of building electrical installation projects?

Building electrical installation is a very complex project with high technical requirements. The quality of building electrical system installation is directly related to people's lives and property safety, and is an issue that people attach great importance to. With the rapid development of the construction industry and people's continuous improvement in the safety requirements of building electrical systems, there are also higher requirements for the installation quality of electrical systems. This article discusses the quality problems and countermeasures of building electrical engineering quality and installation projects, aiming to promote the improvement of building electrical engineering installation quality.

The electrical system is an important part of the construction project. The quality of its installation is directly related to people's lives and property safety. Continuously improving the safety and reliability of the building electrical system installation project is an inevitable requirement of the development of the times. . Although with the continuous improvement of science and technology and building construction technology, the quality of building electrical system engineering installation has also been greatly improved, but in the actual installation and construction process, there are still some problems and deficiencies that limit the quality of electrical engineering installation. The further improvement will bring certain safety hazards to the building. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the research on the quality of building electrical engineering and installation engineering quality.

1 Analysis of Factors Affecting the Quality of Building Electrical Engineering

The installation of building electrical engineering is a complex project involving many construction contents. During the actual construction process, it affects the quality of building electrical engineering. Construction quality factors are multifaceted. One is the personnel quality factor. As the main body of building electrical engineering construction, people's qualities and behaviors have a direct impact on the quality of construction. If the construction unit does not have a strong awareness of quality control, if the technical person in charge of electrical installation does not implement it or if the civil construction supervisors work part-time in other technical jobs, it is likely to cause serious quality problems. The second is construction machinery and equipment. Stable performance, easy operation and compliance with construction requirements of construction machinery and equipment are important conditions for the smooth progress of construction. If there are problems such as incomplete machinery and equipment and improper maintenance, their performance will be affected, thereby affecting the quality of construction.

The third is engineering materials. Electrical engineering materials are the material conditions of engineering entities. Only when the materials are reasonably selected and of qualified quality can the safety of use and engineering quality be ensured. The fourth is construction technology and methods. The selection and application of construction technologies and methods such as construction organization design and installation points by construction units have an important impact on construction. Only scientific, reasonable and targeted construction organization methods can better guide actual construction. The fifth is environmental conditions. The construction working environment, natural environment, management environment and social environment will all play an important role in the quality of the project. If the working area is small and the ventilation and lighting conditions are poor, it will inevitably have an impact on the project construction, thereby increasing the difficulty of construction quality control. The management environment such as quality control and supervision and inspection systems will also affect construction quality. Only by optimizing various environmental conditions based on the construction conditions of electrical engineering construction can the construction unit better control the quality of electrical engineering construction.

2 Common quality problems in building electrical installation projects

2.1 Quality issues in electrical piping installation projects

Electrical piping installation is an important part of building electrical installation projects , the main common quality problems in the installation of electrical distribution pipes are: (1) The metal pipe openings of the electrical distribution pipes are not properly handled and rough, which affects the sealing of the pipe wire fastening; (2) The deformation joints of the building structure pass through the metal During the pipe installation process, the road box erection work was not done well, and there was a lack of grounding jumper operation when passing through the junction box, resulting in insufficient welding length and affecting the grounding effect. To avoid the above problems, first of all, technical training and technical briefings for construction personnel must be fully carried out before construction, to ensure that all construction personnel can enter the site for electrical engineering installation and construction only after passing the assessment; secondly, construction personnel must strictly follow the instructions during the installation process. Construction technical specifications are followed to ensure the construction quality of each link. In order to avoid problems when the metal pipe passes through the deformation joint, the transition device can be reasonably set up and the base compensation work can be done well. In addition, inspection and supervision during the construction process need to be strengthened.

2.2 Lightning protection grounding quality issues

Lightning protection grounding construction is mainly to ensure the safety of objects and personnel in buildings during lightning. This is mainly achieved by introducing current into the earth through the ground network. . In lightning protection and grounding construction, the level of lightning protection and grounding treatment is low and the lightning protection grounding does not meet the requirements. Common problems include slag inclusions and false welding at the overlapping joints of down conductors, voltage equalizing rings, and lightning protection strips.

To improve the construction quality of lightning protection and grounding projects, the following measures can be taken: First, strengthen welder skill training to ensure that the lap welds are full, smooth and even; second, pay attention to welding quality inspection, and promptly deal with unqualified welds The ground should be used for processing; third, round steel should be used as lap steel bars. If the main steel bar of the down conductor is constructed with butt welding, the butt weld needs to be supplemented with an overlapping round steel as required.

2.3 Quality issues of pre-embedded outdoor entrance pipes

During the pre-embedding construction of outdoor entrance pipes, common problems include: (1) Lack of product certificates, production licenses, Documents such as technical descriptions, testing and experiment reports; (2) Low quality of wires, thin pipe walls, poor strength, low folding resistance, etc.; (3) Insufficient burial depth of outdoor pipelines, and the bending radius of embedded pipelines does not meet the requirements; ( 4) The waterproofing effect is poor, which affects the quality of the project. In response to these problems, first, material procurement personnel should strictly follow national norms and standards for material procurement, and at the same time strengthen material entry management; second, strictly use thick-walled steel pipes or PVC pipes that meet the requirements for the construction of embedded pipes at home; third, Civil engineering and other related majors should strengthen coordination and cooperation, clarify the elevation of outdoor floors, and carry out pre-burial in strict accordance with relevant standards.

3 Measures to strengthen the quality control of construction electrical engineering installation

3.1 Strict selection of personnel and materials

During the installation and construction process of building electrical engineering, the construction personnel’s The professional and technical level and the quality of materials are directly related to the installation quality of the project. Therefore, to ensure the installation quality of building electrical projects, we must first strengthen the selection of construction personnel and materials. First of all, construction units should strictly recruit construction personnel and try to select professional and skilled personnel. At the same time, they should strengthen pre-job training and assessment to improve the overall quality of the electrical engineering construction team. In terms of the selection of installation and construction materials, materials must be selected in strict accordance with the relevant national standards and specifications for electrical installation materials to avoid cutting corners in order to reduce construction costs.

3.2 Strengthen construction supervision

Supervision and management are a strong guarantee for the quality of project construction, and construction supervision should be strengthened. First of all, leaders of construction units must attach great importance to construction supervision, increase supervision and management personnel and capital investment, and ensure that construction supervision is effectively implemented. In addition, construction supervisors should strictly carry out supervision work to avoid being a mere formality. They should promptly point out quality hazards or problems discovered during supervision and supervise the implementation of rectifications.

3.3 Strengthen the management of construction machinery

Commonly used quality measurement tools such as steel tape measures should be intact. Before measurement, observe the starting zero scale position; equipped with vernier calipers and micrometers for Detection of copper core diameter of wires and cables, thickness of galvanized wire tubes, etc.; ground resistance tester, 2500V megohmmeter, 500V megohmmeter, fully equipped. It is necessary to distinguish functions and uses to prevent substitution or misuse: in electrical piping engineering, bending The pipes must match the specifications of galvanized wire pipes; before processing the cable tray, a mechanical cutting machine and an angle grinder should be equipped to prevent burrs from cutting the cable insulation layer and causing short circuit accidents; when lifting transformers and diesel generator sets, choose The lifting capacity of a suitable crane should meet the requirements, Qj=K, K. Q calculation calculates the load to prevent hoisting overturning accidents.

3.4 Take effective lightning protection and grounding precautions

Construction units should strengthen the training of welding personnel, especially pay attention to some difficult welding training to ensure smooth welding seams Uniformly, and non-standard welds must be repaired as soon as possible. Lightning protection strips should be positioned scientifically and the welding quality should be effectively improved. The welding at the overlap must be full and smooth.

4 Conclusion

In short, construction electrical engineering and installation projects are affected by many factors, and there are inevitably some problems that urgently need improvement. Therefore, relevant staff should pay attention to building electrical engineering. Find out the causes of common quality problems in installation projects, and take effective countermeasures to solve them. We will continuously improve the quality of construction electrical projects through strict selection of personnel and materials, increased construction supervision, and strengthened management of construction machinery and tools to ensure that the quality of construction electrical projects is Economical, high-quality, safe and reliable operation of electrical equipment.

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