Three major battles - the main force of the Kuomintang was wiped out

In the third year of the Liberation War, the Chinese Communist Party was in the offensive stage, and the balance of strength of the Chinese Communist Party underwent major changes. In the past two years, the Chinese Communist Party's weapons have been strengthened by the US military, which established artillery and five field armies, basically forming a complete system combining field armies, local armies and guerrillas. However, the number of Jiang's troops has dropped to 3.65 million, including 1.98 million regular troops and 1.74 million frontline troops. However, they are being strategically divided into five isolated groups by our army. From May to June 1948, the People's Liberation Army of China launched the Battle of Recha, the Battle of East Henan and the Battle of Yanzhou, annihilating 200,000 enemy troops and further isolating enemy forces in various places. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Mao Zedong took charge of the overall situation and decisively made the wise decision of strategic decisive battle. The strategic decisive battle began with the Battle of Jinan. Jinan is a strategic location to support North China, and Chiang Kai-shek focuses on defense with his own troops. Under the powerful offensive of the North China Field Army, Zheng Jingwen, commander of the enemy's 96th Army, led three brigades of his troops of about 20,000 people to revolt. Jinan was quickly captured, connecting the two liberated areas of North China and Central China, and started a strategic decisive battle. the prologue. Among the five major battlefields in the country, our troops are superior to the enemy in the Northeast battlefield, and the enemy in the Northeast is isolated and dispersed. Therefore, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to direct the strategic decisive battle to the Northeast battlefield. It is the heavy industrial base in Northeast China. If the battle is successful, the Northeast's industry can support the national war and enable the People's Liberation Army of China to gain strategic rear areas. The battle center of the Liaoshen Campaign was in Jinzhou. Capture Jinzhou, control the Beining Line, close the Northeast Gate, and form a closed-door and dog-fighting trend against the Chiang Army; and only by capturing Jinzhou can the enemies of Liaoshen and Shen be eliminated. On September 12, the Liaoshen Campaign began. On this day, the Northeast Field Army raided the Beining Line. By October 1, Chiang Kai-shek's path was completely cut off. The United States sent reinforcements from North China, and Chiang Kai-shek was isolated in the Northeast. The Xiliang Army, which Liao Yaoxiang commanded the Jin Army to march westward, could not enter directly, but entered the Zhangwu area in an attempt to threaten the people's rear, liberated the People's Liberation Army, and resolved the siege of Jinzhou. The Northeast Field Army deployed two columns to block the enemy guard regiment, which was pinned down in the Zhangwu and Xinlitun areas. Starting from October 9, after five days and nights of fighting, the Northeast Field Army cleared outlying strongholds, captured more than 100,000 people, and liberated Jinzhou on the 15th. After the liberation of Jinzhou, under the intimidation of the people, the commander of Chiang Kai-shek's Tenth Army led an uprising. On October 19, Changchun was liberated. The fate of conquering Jinzhou and liberating Changchun and annihilating the entire Kuomintang army in the Northeast was a foregone conclusion. Thanks to the efforts of the people, the Chinese People's Liberation Army liberated Shenyang and Yingkou on November 2, and subsequently the entire Northeast was liberated. The Liaoshen Campaign lasted 52 days from September 12 to November 2, annihilating more than 470,000 Kuomintang troops, laying the foundation for the victory in the Huaihai Campaign and the Pingjin Campaign and inspiring people. On September 25, 1948, Mao Zedong and the Central Military Commission decided to launch the Huaihai Campaign. The Huaihai Campaign began on November 6, 1948, and ended victoriously on January 10, 1949. The Huaihai Campaign is divided into three stages: the first step is to concentrate forces to annihilate the enemy's 7th Corps and complete an intermediate breakthrough; the second step is to annihilate the enemies in Xuzhou and Lianyungang; the third step is to fight in the Huaibei area. Xuzhou is an important transportation artery between North China and Central China, and it is also a battleground for military strategists. Chiang Kai-shek mobilized troops to the Xuzhou area to prepare for a decisive battle with the People's Liberation Army between the Jinpu, Longhai, and Pinghan lines. The main forces of the Central Plains Field Army and the North China Field Army were ordered to move, and they appeared and disappeared. On November 15, the Central Plains Field Army completed the encirclement of Huang Wei's Corps, turning it into a caged bird. Chiang Kai-shek mistakenly believed that the People's Liberation Army might encircle and annihilate the Liu Ruming Corps first, and ordered the two corps to abandon Bengbu to prevent our army from going south. He also ordered the corps to move closer to Bengbu, and ordered Xuzhou Du to abandon Xuzhou and go south to cooperate with the action. Surrounded by the Central Plains Field Army, Huang Wei's army was beaten to a pulp and did not dare to break out. Another unit of the East China Field Army pursued Li and Liu's regiments and annihilated one unit. In order to preserve his strength, Chiang Kai-shek attempted to attack from the north and south, attack the rear of the Central Plains Field Army to break the siege of Steven Huang's regiment, and then retreat south together. The People's Liberation Army adopts the tactics of parallel pursuit, multi-level interception, and multiple roundups, and adopts the policy of concentrating its forces to annihilate the corps, encircle them, and stop them. After more than 20 days of fierce fighting, Huang Wei's regiment was completely wiped out. The second phase of the Huaihai Campaign ends here. In the third stage, Mao Zedong believed that the Pingjin Campaign had begun, and the enemy was preparing to withdraw southward. In order to paralyze Chiang Kai-shek, he temporarily stopped transporting troops south from Pingjin, prompting them to fight hard and recklessly north of the Yangtze River, adopting a method of encirclement rather than attack. In early January 1949, Mao Zedong ordered a general offensive against the enemy forces on the Huaihai battlefield. From the afternoon of January 6 to the afternoon of January 10, the People's Liberation Army finally destroyed Liuji, the enemy's last stronghold. The Battle of Huaihai lasted 65 days and ended with more than 550,000 enemies wiped out. It was the largest of the three major battles. In early November 1948, after the liberation of Northeast China, the Fu Group faced the threat of joint attacks from the two field armies of Northeast and North China in North China. Fu panicked, shrinking his troops and deploying them on the east-west line of more than 1,000 miles from Tangshan in the east to Zhangjiakou in the west. So the Central Military Commission decided to launch a campaign aimed at completely wiping out the Fu Group in North China. In order to unify command, the Central Military Commission decided that Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Nie would form the Party's General Front Committee, with Lin Biao serving as Secretary of the General Front Committee. Starting from December 5, 1948, our North China Field Army, Northeast Field Army and local troops mobilized 1 million people, and with the support of the broad masses of the people, launched the Peking-Tianjin Campaign.

The Northeast Field Army first divided Fu's army into Zhangjiakou, Peiping, Tianjin and other places, cutting off its retreat routes to the south and west. For example, in the third stage of the Huaihai Campaign, the enemy adopted a strategic situation of encirclement without fighting, attacking both ends first and then the middle, which dealt a certain blow to the Fu Group. Since Fu still had considerable strength, he delayed time, sent representatives to negotiate with our army, and insisted on changing defenses. Our army has adopted the policy of carrying out both military and political offensives. Our troops destroyed the enemy's 35th Army. This army is Fu's direct descendant and our enemy in North China. 60,000 people from three columns of the North China 2nd Corps surrounded the enemy in Xinbao and annihilated the outlying strongholds on the same day. On the 22nd, 16,000 people from the 35th Army Headquarters and its two divisions were annihilated, which dealt a heavy blow to Fu. Liberate Zhangjiakou. The Central Military Commission ordered the North China Second Corps to advance secretly to lure the enemy deep and assist the enemy in fighting. It also sent more than 100,000 troops from the Northeast Fourth Column and the Beiyue Military District to pursue the northwest defenders and surround the enemy in a narrow ravine from Xidianzi to Marahada. Our army achieved a great victory in annihilating 54,000 enemy troops at a small cost of 900 casualties. Conquer Tianjin. The enemy built strong fortifications in Tianjin. The 130,000-strong army led by Tianjin garrison commander Chen Changjie prepared to defend their homeland with a desperate spirit and persisted until the food and grass were exhausted. Our army's 22 divisions with 340,000 men attacked Tianjin. Each department prepared to attack the city while sweeping out peripheral strongholds. According to the overall strength and fortifications of the enemy

The victory of the three major battles laid a solid foundation for the Communist Party of China to enter the political stage and is of great historical significance.