Cities where trams are used

Shenyang, Changchun, Dalian, Shanghai, Tianjin (Binhai New Area), Qingdao, Weihai Zhuoda, Chengdu Anren. The Qianmen of Beijing is just a rail car that does not have electric drive but is actually an internal combustion-driven tourist car, as does Hong Kong (which only runs on Hong Kong Island). The earliest tram in mainland China appeared in Beijing in 1899. It was built by Siemens of Germany and connected the Majiabao Railway Station and Yongdingmen in the suburbs. However, the Boxer Rebellion broke out the next year, and these trams that had not yet been put into operation were completely destroyed amidst the "annihilation of the ocean". On December 19, 1924, the Beijing tram industry started operating again. This time, only the Xida Trunk Line was opened to traffic first, running directly from Zhengyangmen to Xizhimen. Beijing's trams continued to operate until 1966.

From 2008 to 2009, the "Dangdang Car", a tram that had been out of service for many years in Qianmen, Beijing, was used again, running between Qianmen and the south entrance of Qianmen Street for tourism purposes, not for public transportation* **Transportation. But this line is not strictly a tram. Although the vehicles are equipped with tram pantographs, there are no overhead cables above other lines and they only run on motors. Tianjin urban trams were built by the Belgian Shichang Company in 1904. In June 1906, the first bus line, the white-label city-circling tram, was put into operation. It was the first city in China to build and operate trams.

On December 6, 2006, the Tianjin Binhai New Area Development Zone reopened modern trams. Hong Kong

Trams were opened in Hong Kong in 1904. Since then, trams have been opened in various Chinese cities with concessions or treaty ports. Tianjin and Shanghai were opened in 1906 and 1908 respectively. Japan and Russia successively opened tram lines in Dalian, Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, and Fushun. Beijing's inner-city trams were opened in 1924. In the 1920s, Nanjing built narrow-gauge train lines in the city. After liberation (1955), Anshan City was the first city in the country to build trams. The whole journey is from Taiping Village to Changdianpu. The warehouse is located diagonally opposite the Heping Bridge Gate of Anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. and has been demolished. At first, it was to facilitate Anshan Iron and Steel employees' commuting to and from work. Later, it was managed by Anshan City Bus Company to serve all citizens (in the early stage, No. 1, in the later period, No. 501). After being converted from electric to gas, it was split into Route 601 and Route 33. Now, Route 601 has been canceled and replaced by Route 38. Unfortunately, the section of Route 601 (Zhanqian-Houyu) of Route 38 was canceled due to the major renovation of the May Day Junction Station. On December 22, 2010, Route 33 was changed from running on the Jianguo East Road section between Taiping Village and Lishan Square to running from Taiping Village via Shuguang North Road, Taiping Street, and Shengli North Road before returning to its original route.

On June 2, 2001, the Anshan Motorcycle South Line was dismantled, and the entire journey was shortened to Taiping Village to Hongqiao North in front of the station. It was finally shut down at around 7pm on April 26, 2003 and completely dismantled. After the demolition, 29 trams (out of 33 trams at the time) were auctioned, and now there are only 4 left in the city. Three of them are placed in the Cuihu Haoting community as cultural landscapes, and the remaining one is in front of the Anshan Municipal Museum. Displayed for people to see.

At present, there are still overpasses built for the reconstruction of motorcycles and electric vehicles after the line was reduced at the Anshan Iron and Steel Three-hole Bridge (under the Wuyi Overpass) and the Lishan Bridge Cave. In 1912, roads were built in Guangzhou. Since it would cost a lot of money to demolish the city walls and open roads, the municipal government invited investors to undertake the driving vehicles and granted them a patent. Wu Jiepan, an overseas Chinese in the United States, raised 2 million silver dollars to establish the "Guangzhou Tram Co., Ltd." The tram company had no rails to use, so it had to modify the trolleybuses to run between Guangjiu Station and Taiping Road. However, the modified trolleybuses were large and heavy, and the road surface was uneven. Accidents occurred frequently and the business was forced to close.

In 1927, the government ordered the tram company to lay track. The tram company didn't want to spend any more money, so it made concessions and delayed again and again. It reluctantly paved a section of track from Guangjiu Station to Yidexi Road and then stagnated. In 1928, the tram company continued to raise funds for track laying. In 1931, the tramway company collapsed due to insufficient capital raising. After the private tram companies were disbanded, from June to September 1932, the Guangzhou Public Utility Bureau proposed government-run trams several times. On September 19 of that year, the Guangzhou Municipal Meeting approved two proposals from the Municipal Public Utilities Bureau to build trams, but it was not until July 1935 that the provincial government approved the plan.

From March 1937 to May 1938, when the tram was in full swing, Japan launched a war of aggression against China, Guangzhou was occupied by Japan, and the tram project was forced to terminate.

The ordered goods, except for some in Guangzhou, were scattered to the mountainous areas of northern Guangdong and warehoused in the United Kingdom and Hong Kong. There will be no more of this construction. It was not until construction started in June 1960 and the first 7,000 meters of the line was opened to traffic on September 30 that Guangzhou entered the era of trams, but this was already the era of trolleybuses.

On December 31, 2014, Guangzhou officially opened the tram test section (Canton Tower---Wanshengwei). The total length of the line is about 7.8 kilometers, all of which are ground lines; there are 10 stations, all of which are ground lines; among them, 2 are connected to the subway station, Wanshengwei Station (connected to Line 4 and Line 8) ) and Canton Tower Station (connected to Line 3 and APM Line).

At 10:00 on December 31, 2014, Guangzhou’s first tram line, the Haizhu Tram Test Section, was officially opened. On December 1, 2011, Hunnan New District and China CNR Corporation Limited held a signing ceremony for a cooperation agreement on the modern tram project.

Initial plan: build 5 lines with a total planned length of 65 kilometers and 54 stations with an average station spacing of 1.2 kilometers.

The final plan is to integrate 5 lines into 4 lines, with a total length of 60 kilometers, 73 stations, and an average station of 820 meters.

The modern tram project is expected to invest 4.86 billion yuan, with a depot (including a control center) located in Hunnan New Town. There are 2 comprehensive transportation hub stations, located in the Olympic Sports Center and the 21st Century Building respectively, and 1 parking lot located in Shenfu New Town.

70% low-floor trams cost 14 million yuan/car, and 100% low-floor trams cost 18 million yuan/car. The average cost per kilometer is about 100 million yuan. On August 1, 2014, Hexi Modern Tram Line 1 was officially put into operation.

The starting point of the Nanjing Hexi tram line is located in the Olympic Sports East Station area of ??Nanjing Metro Line 2. It is mainly laid out along Jiangdong Road. The stops include Olympic Sports Center East Gate Station, Fuchun Jiangxi Street Station, and Yuantong Station. , Expo Center East Gate Station, Jiangshan Street Station, Youyi Bridge Station, Pingliang Street Station, Wuhou Street Station, Longwang Street Station, Tianbao Street Station, Baoshuang Street Station, Baoshuang Street East Station, Qinxin Road Station. The total length is about 7.76 kilometers, all of which are ground lines.

The Nanjing Hexi Tram Line has 13 stations and 1 underground depot. The average distance between stations is 638 meters, including 4 interchange stations with the subway. The number of trains put into operation in the first phase of the Nanjing Hexi Tram is 8, which has gradually increased to 18 recently, and 20 trains will be put into operation in the second phase. After the completion of the second phase, the minimum departure interval during peak hours will be about 3 minutes.

The line platforms adopt low-floor platforms, which are flush with the floor of the train carriages, making it convenient for disabled people in wheelchairs, people with limited mobility and passengers pushing strollers to get on and off the train. On September 11, 2012, the construction of Suzhou High-tech Zone Tram Line 1 started and is planned to be completed and opened to traffic in October 2014.

The nearly 10-kilometer driving section includes the "two platforms" of Line 1. Among them, the High-tech Zone Management Committee Station is an "island platform". The platform is in the middle of the Taihu Avenue rail area. One platform is used for every coming and going. Citizens can enter and exit the station through the underground passage and communicate with the rail transit. Tao is similar. The Baimajian Ecological Park Station is a "side platform" with two platforms for one coming and one going. Citizens can enter and exit the station through the crosswalk.

The "island platform" is 6 meters wide and 50 meters long; the underground passages connecting the platforms are designed like rail passages and are composed of elevators, escalators, etc., and the passages connect relevant business buildings and high-tech buildings. District administrative office areas, etc., passengers can reach relevant areas more quickly by walking underground after arriving at the station.

The High-tech Zone *** plans 6 tram lines with a total length of 80 kilometers. The overall positioning is as the backbone public transportation system within the jurisdiction, which is the extension, transition and supplement of rail transportation. On the morning of December 23, 2015, Chengyang tram operating trains went on trial run. The Chengyang tram is expected to be opened before the end of the year, and Qingdao will become the seventh city to open modern tram after Dalian, Changchun, Shenyang, Suzhou, Nanjing and Guangzhou.

It is understood that the entire Chengyang tram line is 8.77 kilometers long, starting from the intersection of Heyang Road and Jincheng Road in the west, and is laid along Heyang Road, Huacheng Road, and Chunyang Road. To the Qianwangtuan terminal, all lines are above ground, with 12 stations and a vehicle depot in the plot east of the Qianwangtuan terminal.

The design speed of trams can reach 70-80km/h. The operating speed in urban central areas is generally about 20km/h, and the operating speed in suburban areas can reach 30km/h, which is 1.5 times that of ordinary buses. The maximum passenger capacity is 400 people, and the one-way designed passenger transport capacity is 08,000-15,000 passengers/h, which is 3-4 times that of ordinary buses.

The tram is trialling unmanned ticketing and one-vote pricing. The adult coin-operated trial fare is 2.00 yuan per person, and the Qindao Pass card is 1.60 yuan per person. Special group fares are subject to current regulations. In 2014, Xuzhou planned to build trams in the Fifth Ring New City. The Xuzhou tram planning network consists of three parts. The first part is the new city ring and branch lines, the second part is the high-speed rail east ring line, and the third part is connecting the new city. There are 4 lines in total with the East District branch line of the high-speed rail. It is expected to be completed and opened to traffic in 2016.

***There are 25 stations, all of which are ground lines.

The track rail section adopts grooved rails, and the track bed adopts integral track bed.

Using a two-lane traffic system, the designed maximum speed is 70 km/h, and the actual speed is 20-30 km/h. In 2015, Zhuzhou City will start the construction of urban tram lines 1 and 2. At present, the directions of the two lines have been basically determined. Promoting the construction of tram projects has also been included in this year's Zhuzhou Municipal Government Work Report.

According to the "Zhuzhou Public Transport System Planning Plan" released in July 2014, Zhuzhou trams will have 22 trackless or tram lines in the future, with an operating mileage of 340.9 kilometers (including, There are 161.8 kilometers of trams and 179.1 kilometers of trolleybuses, with 268 stations. On October 18, 2015, Tianshui City held a launching ceremony for the tram demonstration line project, marking the start of construction of this key urban infrastructure project.

The Tianshui City Tram Demonstration Line Project starts from the intersection of Chengji Avenue and Jiehebei Road in Qinzhou District in the west and connects to Bubei Road in Maiji District in the east. The total length of the line is about 20 kilometers, with an estimated total investment of 31 100 million yuan, with 17 stations planned and expected to be completed in August 2017.