Wang Jixun’s classical Chinese essays

1. Reading the Biography of Jing Hanru in the History of the Song Dynasty in classical Chinese

The original text and translation of "The Biography of Jing Hanru in the History of the Song Dynasty" - Translation 1. Original text: Jing Hanru, Xindu, Jizhou people.

Father Ji, Wang Wuling. Rare Confucians are young scoundrels, and together with Zhao Feng and Zhang Nian, they are a group of thieves.

In Tianfuzhong of Jin Dynasty, the Prime Minister went to Fan Yang, and asked Zhao Yanshou, King of Yan, to take charge of his own soldiers. At the end of Kaiyun, Yanshou came to Bian from Khitan Lord Deguang and was appointed as the governor of Hanru Mizhou.

In the early Han Dynasty, Sima marched on the east road of Shannan. At the beginning of Zhou Guangshun's reign, he was invited by the court to lead the government, but he was too poor to be promoted.

In the early days of his emergence of virtue, Shizong fought against Gaoping and killed those who could not be killed because he wanted brave warriors. Li Yanjie, a member of Tongshishe, heard about it because of the rare Confucianism, so he immediately summoned him to Xingzai and ordered him to recruit the commander of the capital.

They will conquer Taiyuan and order Hanru to lead three thousand infantry into the enemy territory first. The Han Confucians ordered people to walk toward Taiyuan City with their cuds on their backs and burn the east gate.

Promoted to the Commander of the Crane Crossbow and the Commander of the Great Sword. From Ping Huainan, he led the governor of Guangzhou, changed it to Taizhou, and served as the commander of the capital of Xia Cai and the security inspection envoy of Shu and Qi prefectures.

In the fourth year, when Taizhou was first conquered, Zhen worshiped the governor and the field envoy of Hailing and Yancheng. In March next year, Shizong visited Taizhou and appointed Hanru as the training envoy. He was given gold belts, silverware, saddles and horses.

In the spring of the sixth year, Ai Yique, a senior military officer, asked to stay, and the emperor praised him. At the beginning of Jianlong's reign, he was promoted to Zhengzhou Defense, and with Hanru as his envoy, he changed the jurisdiction of Jinzhou Military and Horse Qian.

Han Ru, relying on his bravery and underestimating the enemy, tried to lead his cavalry deep into the Jin territory. There were many people and they could not come out, so they captured many people. In the winter of that year, he led more than a thousand cavalry and arrived at the gate of Fenzhou City. They burned the grass market and the soldiers retreated.

On the evening of Tuyuan, the capital, Liu Jun sent General Hao Guichao to lead more than 10,000 troops to attack Hanru, arriving at dawn. Hanru sent the governor of the capital and deputy envoy Yan Yanjin to divide his troops to guard Guichao.

A rare scholar in brocade robes and armor was sitting on the Hu bed to feast on the scholar. He cut off the arms of the sheep and ate them. When he heard that Yan had entered Xiaoque, he mounted his horse and led his troops to attack the enemy. They gathered weapons and pounded them, but Han Confucian still fought and killed more than ten people with their own hands, and then they were killed.

Liu Jun was always afraid of the bravery of the rare Confucians, and often wanted to kill him. When he heard of his death, he wanted to kill the rare Confucians. Taizu was deeply regretful and promoted his son Shouxun to be the Deputy Military Envoy of Xijing.

Due to Suo Jing Tuyuan's insubordination, Wang Jixun, the Cizhou regiment training envoy, was deposed as the leader of the government, Yan Yanjin was appointed as the palace official, and twenty-nine of his subordinates, including Long Jie and the commander Shi Jinde, were killed. Rare scholars care less about wealth and love charity.

In Taizhou, there is the benefit of boiling the sea, and the annual income is tens of thousands. Even if you listen to the imperial edicts and receive eight out of ten, there is still not enough money. The wealth in the family is registered, and the amount is not asked when it comes out.

Zhang Fenggui, an envoy to Taizhou, claimed to be the son of Zhang Chengye in the later Tang Dynasty. Han Ru said: "I heard about Zhang Tejin's fame in my life, and I was lucky enough to know his son." He was treated generously and courteously, leaving behind five hundred thousand dollars and one thousand dendrobium meters. Although rare Confucians do not know how to read, they are polite to receive Confucian scholars.

Jinshi Zhao Baoyong was dismissed from the imperial examination and visited Hailing as a guest. Hanru asked what he wanted, and he assured Yong that he would return to the capital. He also said that it would be very profitable to trade silk for tea because of his relationship with Jiang Que.

Hanru summoned the master to hide the slaves and ordered Ji to hide the silk. He got more than four thousand taels, and he gave them all. However, he is brave and good at fighting, regardless of victory or defeat.

He often wanted to level Taiyuan, but his ambition failed and ended in defeat, which everyone regretted. Brother Hanru Yanfu.

Yanfu and his descendants. "History of the Song Dynasty: Biography of Jing Hanru" Original text and translation - Translation 2. Translation: Jing Hanru, a native of Xindu, Yizhou.

His father, Jing Ji, was appointed as Wangwuling. Jing Hanru did not practice virtue when he was young and became bandits with Zhao Feng and Zhang Nian.

During the Tianfu period of the Later Jin Dynasty, they came to Fanyang together and took refuge with Zhao Yanshou, King of Yan, and took charge of Zhao Yanshou's soldiers. At the end of the Kaiyun period, Liu Yanshou followed the Khitan king Yelu Deguang to invade Bianzhou and temporarily appointed Jing Hanru as the governor of Mizhou.

In the early years of the Later Han Dynasty, he was appointed Sima of the Marching Army on the East Road of Shannan. In the early years of Guangshun in the Later Zhou Dynasty, he was appointed as the leader of the government and could participate in court meetings, but his life was poor and difficult.

In the early years of Xiande, Emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty fought in Gaoping. He killed the generals who disobeyed orders and sought out those who were brave and good at fighting. Li Yanjie, the minister of general affairs, recommended Jing Hanru. Emperor Sejong summoned Jing Hanru to meet him and appointed him as the commander of the recruitment capital.

During the battle in Taiyuan, Shizong ordered Jing Hanru to lead three thousand infantry into the enemy territory first. Han Ru ordered his soldiers to carry supplies on their backs and take the small road to attack Taiyuan and burn the east gate of Taiyuan.

Due to his military exploits, he was promoted to Commander of the Crane Crossbow and Great Sword Commander.

After Emperor Shizong's pacification of Huainan, he was appointed as the governor of Guangzhou, and later the governor of Taizhou. He was also appointed as the commander of Cai Shouyu, and concurrently served as the security inspection inspector of Shu and Qi prefectures.

In the fourth year of Xiande's reign, Taizhou had just been captured. Jing Hanru became the governor of Taizhou and concurrently served as the governor and field envoy of Hailing and Yancheng. In March of the next year, Shizong came to Taizhou and appointed Jing Shihan as the regiment training envoy. He gave him gold belts, silverware, saddles and horses.

In the spring of the sixth year of Xiande, the elders of the army met with the emperor and asked for Jing Hanru to stay in Taizhou. Emperor Gong of the later Zhou Dynasty issued an edict to commend him. In the early years of Jianlong's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jing Hanru was promoted to Zhengzhou Defense, and he was appointed as the defense envoy. He was also appointed as the military commander of Jinzhou.

Jing Hanru relied on his prowess and despised the enemy. He once led his cavalry deep into the territory of the Later Jin Dynasty. Most of the enemies closed the city and did not come out. Jing Hanru led his troops to plunder a lot. In the winter of this year, Jing Hanru arrived at Fenzhou City with more than a thousand cavalry, burned the pastures of the Jin army, and led the army away.

In the evening, Jing Hanru led his army to camp in Jingtuyuan. Liu Jun sent general Hao Guichao to lead more than 10,000 troops and horses to attack Jing Hanru, and arrived at Jingtuyuan at dawn. Yan Yanjin, the governor of Jinghan Confucianism and the deputy envoy of Zangban, divided his troops to resist Hao Guichao.

Jing Hanru, wearing a brocade robe and armor, was sitting on the bed to encourage morale and was cutting a leg of lamb to eat. When he heard that Yan Yanjin's troops had retreated slightly, he immediately mounted his horse and led his troops to attack the enemy directly. Many enemy soldiers attacked him with Yi Zan, but Jing Hanru still fought hard and killed more than a dozen people with his own hands, and then he was killed.

Liu Jun had always been afraid of Jing Hanru's bravery and wanted to capture him alive. When he heard about Jing Hanru's death, he found Jing Hanru's killers and killed them. Song Taizu deeply regretted Jing Hanru's death and promoted his son Jing Shouxun to the position of Deputy Military Envoy of Xijing.

In pursuit of those who did not fight desperately in the battle of Jingtuyuan, Wang Jixun, the Cizhou regiment training envoy, was demoted to the leader of the government, Yan Yanjin was appointed to the palace, and Jing Hanru's subordinate Long Jie's commander Shi Jingde and others were killed. Twenty-nine people. Jing Hanru despises property and prefers to help others.

When he was in Taizhou, he had sea salt income and his annual income was astonishing. The emperor allowed him to collect 80% of the salt tax, but it was still not enough for him. The income from household goods is recorded, but the amount spent is not counted.

Once upon a time, Zhang Fenggui, an enshrined official, went to Taizhou as an envoy, and he said that he was the son of Zhang Jiye of the Later Tang Dynasty. Jing Hanru said: "I have only heard of Zhang Tejin's name in my life, and finally I was lucky enough to get to know his son."

He entertained him generously and gave him 500,000 yuan and 1,000 hu of rice. Jing Hanru was illiterate, but he liked to treat Confucian scholars with courtesy.

Jinshi Zhao Baoyong failed the scientific examination and traveled through Hailing. Jing Hanru asked him about his plan, and Zhao Baoyong told him that he planned to return to the capital. He also said that there was huge profit in exchanging silk for tea in Yuanjiang Guanwu (official signature).

Jing Hanru immediately summoned the servant in charge of the warehouse and asked him to count the silk in the warehouse. There were more than four thousand taels. 2. Classical Chinese Reading History of the Song Dynasty·The Biography of He Jiyun

Jing Hanru was a native of Xindu, Jizhou.

Father Ji, Wang Wuling. Rare Confucians are young scoundrels, and together with Zhao Feng and Zhang Nian, they are a group of thieves.

In Tianfuzhong of Jin Dynasty, the Prime Minister went to Fan Yang, and asked Zhao Yanshou, King of Yan, to take charge of his own soldiers. At the end of Kaiyun, Yanshou came to Bian from Khitan Lord Deguang and was appointed as the governor of Hanru Mizhou.

In the early Han Dynasty, Sima marched on the east road of Shannan. At the beginning of Zhou Guangshun's reign, he was invited by the court to lead the government, but he was too poor to be promoted.

In the early days of his emergence of virtue, Shizong fought against Gaoping and killed those who could not be killed because he wanted brave warriors. Li Yanjie, a member of Tongshishe, heard about it because of the rare Confucianism, so he immediately summoned him to Xingzai and ordered him to recruit the commander of the capital.

They will attack Taiyuan and order Hanru to lead three thousand infantry into the enemy territory first. The Han Confucians ordered people to walk toward Taiyuan City with their cuds on their backs and burn the east gate.

Promoted to the Commander of the Crane Crossbow and the Commander of the Great Sword. From Ping Huainan, he led the governor of Guangzhou, changed it to Taizhou, and served as the commander of the capital of Xia Cai and the security inspection envoy of Shu and Qi prefectures.

In the fourth year, when Taizhou was first conquered, Zhen worshiped the governor and the field envoy of Hailing and Yancheng. In March next year, Shizong visited Taizhou and appointed Hanru as the training envoy. He was given gold belts, silverware, saddles and horses.

In the spring of the sixth year, Ai Yique, a senior military officer, asked to stay, and the emperor praised him. At the beginning of Jianlong's reign, he was promoted to Zhengzhou Defense, and with Hanru as his envoy, he changed the jurisdiction of Jinzhou Military and Horse Qian.

Han Ru, relying on his bravery and underestimating the enemy, tried to lead his cavalry deep into the Jin territory. There were many people and they could not come out, so they captured many people. In the winter of that year, he led more than a thousand cavalry and arrived at the gate of Fenzhou City. They burned the grass market and the soldiers retreated.

On the evening of Tuyuan, the capital, Liu Jun sent General Hao Guichao to lead more than 10,000 troops to attack Hanru, arriving at dawn. Hanru sent the governor of the capital and deputy envoy Yan Yanjin to divide his troops to guard Guichao.

A rare scholar in brocade robes and armor was sitting on the Hu bed to feast on the scholar. He cut off the arms of the sheep and ate them. When he heard that Yan had entered Xiaoque, he mounted his horse and led his troops to attack the enemy. They gathered weapons and pounded them, but Han Confucian still fought and killed more than ten people with their own hands, and then they were killed.

Liu Jun was always afraid of the bravery of the rare Confucians, and often wanted to kill him. When he heard of his death, he wanted to kill the rare Confucians. Taizu was deeply regretful and promoted his son Shouxun to be the Deputy Military Envoy of Xijing.

Due to Suo Jing Tuyuan's insubordination, Wang Jixun, the Cizhou regiment training envoy, was deposed as the leader of the government, Yan Yanjin was appointed as the palace official, and twenty-nine of his subordinates, including Long Jie and the commander Shi Jinde, were killed. Rare scholars care less about wealth and love charity.

In Taizhou, there is the benefit of boiling the sea, and the annual income is tens of thousands. Even if you listen to the imperial edicts and receive eight out of ten, there is still not enough money. The wealth in the family is registered, and the amount is not asked when it comes out.

Zhang Fenggui, an envoy to Taizhou, claimed to be the son of Zhang Chengye in the later Tang Dynasty. Han Ru said: "I heard about Zhang Tejin's fame in my life, and I was lucky enough to know his son." He was treated generously and courteously, leaving behind five hundred thousand dollars and one thousand dendrobium meters.

3. The origin of the name Nan'an and the historical origin of Nan'an in Quanzhou,

In the third year of Wu Yong'an of the Three Kingdoms (260), Houguan County was established as Dong'an County, and the county government was in today's Fengzhou. In the third year of Taikang of the Jin Dynasty (282), Jian'an was analyzed The county was established as Jin'an County, and Dong'an County was changed to Jin'an County, which was subordinate to Jin'an County. During the Liang Tianjian period of the Southern Dynasties (502-519), the southern part of Jin'an County was established as Nan'an County to maintain stability in southern Fujian. The administrative seat is now Fengzhou Town. , led by Jin'an and other three counties, and governed the present-day Xiamen, Putian, Quanzhou, and Zhangzhou areas. In the ninth year of Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (589), the county was changed to a county, and its jurisdiction was today's Quanzhou City (except Dehua), Putian City, and Xiamen City Most of it and Changtai County. In the fifth year of Tang Wude (622), Fengzhou was established. The state government was in today's Fengzhou Town, and Nan'an County was established as Putian County. Fengzhou governed Putian, Nan'an and Longxi counties. In the first year of Zhenguan ( 627) Fengzhou was merged into Quanzhou (the state governs today's Fuzhou). In the early years of Sisheng (684), Nan'an, Putian, and Longxi counties were separated to form Wurong Prefecture, and Fengzhou, the seat of Nan'an County, was governed by Wurong Prefecture (so Nan'an was also called Wurong). In the first year of Jiushi (700), Wu Rong Prefecture was established in Nan'an County, and the state government was moved to fifteen miles southeast of the county (today's Licheng), under the jurisdiction of Nan'an, Putian, Longxi, and Qingliu counties. In the second year of Jingyun (711), Quanzhou was renamed Minzhou (governing and establishing today's Fuzhou), and Wurong Prefecture was renamed Quanzhou (administrating and establishing today's Fuzhou). In the sixth year of Kaiyuan (718), Jinjiang County was established in the southeast of Nan'an County. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), the southwest of Nan'an was analyzed In the second year of Changqing's reign (822), peach tree farms were established in the two northwest townships of Nan'an. In the fifth year of Xiantong's fifth year (864), Xiaoxi farms were established in the two west townships of Nan'an. In the third year of Qianfu's reign (876), Nan'an was analyzed. Wude Chang was built in Wude Township of An County (later changed to Wu Sheng Chang and Wu An Chang). In the fourth year of Changxing in the Later Tang Dynasty (933), Taolin Chang was promoted to Taoyuan County (renamed Yongchun County in 938). In the fourth year of Tianfu in the Later Jin Dynasty (939), Datongchang was promoted to Tong'an County. In the second year of Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (955), Xiaoxichang was promoted to Qingxi County (renamed Anxi in 1121); Wuchang was promoted to Changtai County. In the second year of Kaiping (908) after the Five Dynasties, Liang was granted the title of Qingxi County. Wang Shenzhi became King of Langya. In April of the following year, Liang granted Wang Shenzhi the title of King of Fujian, and Quanzhou became the territory of the Kingdom of Fujian. In September of the second year of Kaiyun of the Later Jin Dynasty (945), Wang Jixun surrendered Quanzhou to the Southern Tang Dynasty, and in the second year of Qianyou of the Later Han Dynasty ( In 949), the Southern Tang Dynasty promoted Quanzhou to the Qingyuan Army. In the second year of Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (955), the Qingyuan Army increased its jurisdiction to nine counties: Nan'an, Jinjiang, Putian, Xianyou, Tong'an, and Dehua. , Yongchun, Qingxi, Changtai. In the second year of Qiande in the Song Dynasty (964), the affiliation was changed from the Qingyuan Army to the Pinghai Navy. In the third year of Taiping and Xingguo (978), Chen Hongjin occupied southern Fujian and was restored to Quanzhou, which belonged to the Weiwu Army. Yong In the second year of Xi's reign (985), Quanzhou was transferred to Fujian Road and Nan'an was under the jurisdiction of Yan. In the fifteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1278), the Quanzhou Road General Administration Office was established, with jurisdiction over seven counties including Nan'an. In the first year of Dade (1297) ) changed the province of Fujian into the province of Pinghai Xingzhongshu. In the 18th year of Zhizheng Dynasty (1358), Quanzhou branch was established. In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Quanzhou Road was changed to Quanzhou Prefecture, and Nan'an was still under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou. Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty In the twelfth year (1734), Yongchun County was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, with jurisdiction over Dehua and Datian counties. Nan'an was still combined with Jinjiang, Hui'an, Tong'an, Anxi and other counties to form Quanzhou. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), it was abolished The government established a road, and Nan'an belonged to Nanlu Road (in the 3rd year of the Republic of China, it belonged to Xiamen Road). In the 14th year of the Republic of China, the road was abolished, and Nan'an was directly under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province. In the 23rd year of the Republic of China, Nan'an belonged to the Fifth Administrative Supervision District; in the 36th year of the Republic of China, it belonged to the Fourth District. 1931 In 2007, the county seat was moved to Honglai for two months, and then moved back to Fengzhou. In July 1937 (some say early 1937), the county seat was moved to Ximei. On August 14, 1949, Nan'an was liberated and successively belonged to Quanzhou Prefecture. , Jinjiang District (region), Quanzhou City. (Since September 1949, it has belonged to the Office of the Fifth Administrative Inspector of Fujian Province. From April 1950 to mid-1967, the office has been renamed Quanzhou Administrative Inspector's Office, Jinjiang District Commissioner's Office, Jinjiang The Regional Commissioner's Office, Nan'an was affiliated to. From mid-1967 to the end of 1985, Nan'an was affiliated to the Jinjiang Regional Military Control Commission, Jinjiang Regional Revolutionary Committee, Jinjiang Regional Revolutionary Committee, and Jinjiang Regional Administrative Office. After January 1986, Nan'an was affiliated to Quanzhou. Municipal People***.) On May 12, 1993, the State Council approved the removal of Nan'an from county to city (county level), and the administrative area of ????the original Nan'an County was the administrative area of ??Nan'an City. On October 16 of the same year, Nan'an City** * Officially established. Nan'an City is directly under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province and entrusted to Quanzhou City. The ancient city of Fengzhou was built by Xia Ruli, the magistrate of Nan'an County in the 38th year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1559), to prevent Japanese pirates. Before the city was built, willows were planted around the city. It is the boundary, so it is also called

"Liucheng". After the county government was moved to Ximei, the nickname of Ximei continued to be "Liucheng". In the Song Dynasty, Nan'an was divided into eight townships, with 31 li under its jurisdiction. The eight townships were Tang'an, Zhengzheng, Dejiao, Huaide, and Jinji. , Gui Tomb, Tang Xing, Taiping. In the Yuan Dynasty, "xiangli" was changed to "du", and the county had 46 capitals; during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, there were three squares in the city and 44 capitals outside the city (that is, six and seven capitals were combined into one, nine , twelve capitals merged into one); during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, 46 capitals were restored. The Qing Dynasty followed the Ming system. In the early years of the Republic of China, the Qing Dynasty's township, li, and capital divisions were followed. In the 17th year of the Republic of China, the district, township (town) system was implemented, and was divided into 4 districts. 45 townships (towns). In the 23rd year of the Republic of China, it was divided into 10 districts, 336 guarantees, and 3379 A. In the 25th year of the Republic of China, it was divided into 4 districts and 53 joint guarantees. In the 31st year of the Republic of China, the district and township system (four districts) was implemented. In the 35th year of the Republic of China, the county system was implemented. It has jurisdiction over a township system, with 30 townships (including 9 towns). In September 1949, the county was divided into 11 districts and administered 30 townships. In April 1950, the Kinmen County Working Committee was abolished, and the affiliated Dadeng District was assigned to Nan'an County. It was increased to 12 districts. In October 1951, the townships were divided into 191 townships. In August 1952, it was adjusted to 19 districts and 207 townships. In October 1955, the county was reorganized into 16 districts, 213 townships and 6 townships. Town. There were many subsequent changes, such as the withdrawal of districts and merging townships; the establishment of communes; and the restoration (and later abolition) of district offices. In 1958, during the period of communeization, Tangfang, Panshan, Xipu, and Shaozhou were recruited in Fengzhou. Cuo, Jingyong, Xinpu, Yanling, Bantou, Qishan, Dongbian, Huangshitou, Jinpu, Dajintian, Huayan, Fuqiao Street and other places in Qishan Point were placed under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou City (today's Licheng District and Fengze District) .In 1960, Jinjiang County state-owned Zimaoshan Farm was established, and the Zixing and Xiamao brigades in Guanqiao Town were placed under the farm. In January 1971, Da, Xiaodeng and Lianhe were placed under Tong'an County. In 1981 It is divided into 22 communes and 1 town. In 1985, it governed 11 towns and 11 townships. In 1988, it governed 15 towns and 7 townships, and 7 state-owned agriculture, forestry and tea farms. In 1992, it governed 20 towns and 2 townships. In 1997, Nan'an City covered an area of ??2032.5 square meters. km, with a population of 1.425 million, and governs Ximei, Luncang, Yingdu, Shishan, Pier, Meishan, Honglai, Fengzhou, Guanqiao, Shuitou, Shijing, Meilin, Jintao, Luodong, Kangmei, and Dongtian , Xiangyun, Penghua, Jiudu, Hong. 4. Translation of Ma Renyu's full text

"History of the Song Dynasty·Biography of Ma Renyu"

Ma Renyu was a native of Xiajin. When he was more than ten years old, his father ordered him to go to school, but he often fled back home. He was also sent to the village school to study "The Classic of Filial Piety", but he could not read a word for more than ten years. The doctor flogged him, and Renyu went to Fenxuetang alone at night, but the doctor only escaped with his own life. Dozens of people from the group would often gather together to play with them, forming a formation, claiming to be generals, making appointments with them every day, and whipping those who came later, and the group would all be afraid to ambush them. And the fruits of the market are all given to them, which is beneficial to each other. He is tall, good at shooting, and can draw a bow of 200 kilograms. During the reign of Emperor Qianyou of the Han Dynasty, Zhou Zu was in the town of Ye. In the sixteenth year of Renyu, he wanted to be under his command. Zhou Zu had heard of his bravery. When he saw it, he was very happy and kept him around. At the beginning of Guangshun period, the inner hall was straightened. When King Sejong ascended the throne, he ordered the guards to practice archery in the garden. Renyu had the strongest bow power and hit many hits. He was given brocade robes and silver belts. Liu Chong of Hui Taiyuan invaded the army, and Shizong personally marched to Gaoping. The Zhou army was disadvantaged, and many of the generals retreated. Renyu said to the crowd: "The Lord has humiliated his ministers to die, so you can use me!" Then he controlled the string and leaped his horse, stood up and shot the thieves, killing dozens of people. In Sejong's supreme party, more than 70 generals were punished for violating the law. Renyu was promoted to the commander of Bow and Arrow Control Hezhi, and when he returned to the capital, he dispersed the commander. From Huainan to Chuzhou, they attacked the water stronghold. The flying tower built in the stronghold was more than a hundred feet high. Shizong looked at it, almost two hundred steps away. The soldiers watching from the tower screamed and cursed. Shizong was so angry that he ordered him to shoot from left and right, but they could not reach it. Renyu is full of words, and he bends in response to the strings. When he arrived at Huainanping, he suffered dozens of wounds on his body. He was given good medicine and moved to the inner hall to be the capital of Yuhou. And from Pingsanguan. In honor of the emperor's succession, he ordered the Northern Expedition from Taizu. At the beginning, he was awarded the commander-in-chief of the scattered personnel and led the governor of Guizhou with the merit of zuoming. He was also the commander-in-chief of the right compartment of the Russian Qianqi Iron Cavalry. He was also the commander-in-chief of the left compartment of Hujie and led the training envoy of the Fuzhou regiment. From Pingze and Lu, he led the defense envoy of Changzhou with his merits and changed the command to the left wing of Longjie. In the second year of Jianlong's reign, he was transferred to the defense envoy of Yuezhou, and Russia was transferred to Hanzhou. At the beginning, he ordered Renyu and others to take over the Jinghu counties and restore them within a few years. At this time, he was about to conquer Shu, and ordered to lead the Sichuan and Xia counties, and then pacified them. First of all, Xue Juzhengzhi paid tribute to the people who were given private instructions by Renyu. There was no one on the list. I heard that on the day of the wedding banquet, Renyu was drunk with wine, and he brought the people he had asked to go to Zhengzheng to punish him. He was impeached by Liu Wensou, the imperial censor, and the emperor tolerated him. After Wang Jixun, his family was arrogant and disdainful of the general, and everyone avoided him. Du Renyu's Ci skills were not inferior to him, so he tried to fight with his arms. When the Emperor Hui was about to lecture on martial arts in the suburbs, he wanted to take a picture, and all his troops were privately marketed in white. Taizu knew it secretly, and ordered him to stop military training, and sent Renyu out as the defense envoy of Mizhou.

Taizu conquered Jinyang and ordered Renyu to lead his troops to patrol the border, as far as Shanggu and Yuyang. The Khitans heard of Renyu's name and did not dare to go out, because they sent troops to plunder and captured tens of thousands of people, cattle and sheep. After driving back, Renyu returned to his post. Next year, a group of thieves attacked Yanzhou. The leaders of the thieves, Zhou Bi and Mao Xi, were very brave and handsome. Bi's nickname was "Long-legged Dragon". The supervisor's army was unsuccessful in trying to arrest him, so he ordered Renyu to cover up the attack. Renyu led more than ten soldiers under his command into Mount Tai, captured Bi, and captured all his party. Suining was on the outskirts of Lu. In the fourth year of Kaibao's reign, he moved to Yingzhou as a defense envoy. My brother accidentally killed a civilian because of drunkenness and was sentenced to death in prison. The people say that they have no regrets, but they made a mistake, and they would like to claim it as manslaughter. Renyu said: "I am a long-time official, and my brother killed someone. This is not a fault of my parents. How dare I disturb the law of the country with personal relatives?" Then he discussed it as a law and gave people's houses cloth to make coffins. At the beginning of the Taiping and the rejuvenation of the country, he moved to Liaozhou. In the fourth year, he marched to conquer Taiyuan, and ordered Renyu to attack the city separately with Chengzhou governor Murong Chao, Feilong envoy Bai Chonggui, and Bazuo envoy Li Jisheng. When he conquered Fan Yang, he ordered Renyu to lead the forbidden troops to attack the Khitan in Lulongbei, and the Khitan troops collapsed. When the division returned, he moved to Shuozhou to observe the affairs of Yingzhou. Seven years later, he died at the age of fifty. As a gift to the Hexi Army Jiedu, the funeral official gave it to him. Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, had a famous general named Ma Renyu. He was highly skilled in martial arts and made great achievements in bringing peace to the world for Song Taizu. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, in order to strengthen local control, Ma Renyu was sent to Ying (now Laiwu County, Shandong) as a defense historian. Ma Renyu's brother died early, leaving a son to be raised by him. Because Ma Renyu was busy with the war, he neglected to discipline his nephew, and the child relied on his uncle to be a high official in the court. He behaved wildly and did evil things on weekdays. One day, he came out of a hotel to eat and drink excessively. Taking advantage of his drunkenness, he beat a young man to death for no apparent reason. He was taken to the county government office by some people who were there to fight against him. When one of Ma Renyu's subordinates learned of this, he quickly ran to the murdered young man's house and threatened the deceased's father: "The one who beat your son to death was the nephew of Lord Defender Shima. You might as well be more aware of current affairs and say that your son is Died by accidental injury. Not only will Master Ma's nephew be relieved of his guilt, but you will also get a reward." Under threats and inducements, the lonely old man actually agreed. Ma Renyu had long been angry about his nephew's dishonesty. This time when he heard that his nephew had beaten someone to death, he couldn't help but be furious. He first asked someone to find the subordinate who had "helped" him, and reprimanded him: "The reason why my nephew has done evil and lawless things in the past is because he tried to rely on my power to escape legal sanctions. You asked the victim's father to fabricate lies to protect him. To condone the murderer is to add to the crime. Besides, the imperial court sent me to do defense work in order to unify the country and allow the people to live and work in peace and contentment. How could I abuse my power for my own personal reasons?" He said! He immediately sent someone to the judicial department to convey his opinion: "Handle the case in accordance with the law and kill with life!" After his nephew was executed, Ma Renyu sent someone to properly handle his son's funeral and the old man's future life. 5. What kind of character was Li Renda during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms?

Li Renda (?-947), also known as Li Hongyi, Li Da, and Li Ruyun, was a native of Guangzhou. He was a general of Fujian during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He once divided Fuzhou area.

[edit] Defection to Wang Yanzheng

Li Renda served as the commander of Yuan Cong in Fujian for fifteen years, but was not promoted. When Wang Xi, the leader of Fujian, defected to Jianzhou and joined Wang Yanzheng, Wang Yanzheng As a general. When Zhu Wenjin killed Wang Xi, Li Renda defected to Fuzhou and asked Zhu for advice on establishing the state. Zhu Wenjin was disgusted with his repetitive behavior and sent him to Fuqing to live in exile.

[edit] Betrayal of the Wang family

The Fujian Emperor Wang Xi was killed by his general Zhu Wenjin and Lian Chongyu. Soon they were killed by Lin Renhan, who wanted to welcome him. In 945, Wang Yanzheng, the king of Fusha, sent his son Wang Jichang to Fuzhou to guard it.

Because Li Renda had betrayed Wang Yanzheng, he was worried that the king would retaliate. Seeing that the Southern Tang Dynasty had already attacked Wang Yanzheng, Li Renda attacked Huang Renxi and others. Said:

"Now the soldiers of the Tang Dynasty are victorious, and Jianzhou is in danger. King Fusha cannot protect Jianzhou, but An can protect Fuzhou! In the past, the brothers Chao and Guangzhou Buyer took over Fujian like the back of their hands. Kuang We take this opportunity to seek wealth, so why bother?" Join Chen Jixun, Huang Renxi and others to murder Wang Jichang and seize power in Fuzhou.

Renda wanted to stand on his own feet, but was afraid that the public would be dissatisfied, so he supported Zhuo Yanming, a monk from Xuefeng Temple, as emperor. Li Renda appointed himself as the guard of the Sixth Army.

When Yanzheng heard that there was a mutiny in Fuzhou, Huang Renxi and his family were exterminated. He ordered Zhang Hanzhen, the commander of the army, to lead a fleet of 5,000 people and join forces with Zhang and Quan soldiers to attack Zhuo Yanming and Li Renda.

Later, Li Renda learned that Chen Jixun and Huang Renxia had different intentions and had them executed. Therefore, all military power was returned to Renda

[edit] Betrayal of the Southern Tang Dynasty

Li Renda Soon after he killed Zhuo Yanming and Yanming's father, and called himself Weiwuliu, Li Renda became friends with the Southern Tang Dynasty. The Southern Tang Dynasty appointed Renda as the envoy of the Weiwu Army, and he changed his name to Li Hongyi in the same year. Li Renda sent an envoy to Li Hongyi. Later Jin paid tribute.

After the Southern Tang Dynasty defeated Wang Yanzheng, he summoned Renda to join the court, but Renda refused. The Southern Tang Dynasty sent troops to attack, so Renda broke with the Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Hongda proclaimed himself a vassal to Wu Yue and asked Wu Yue for assistance. He changed his name to Li Da and joined Wu Yue's reinforcements to resist the Southern Tang's attack.

[edit] Battle for Quanzhou

In 1946, Wang Jixun, the governor of Quanzhou, wrote to Li Hongyi, hoping for reconciliation. Hongyi was angry that Quanzhou had been affiliated with the Weiwu Army and resisted the ceremony. In April, he sent his younger brother Li Hongtong to lead ten thousand troops to attack him. Defeated by Liu Congxiao

[edit] Zhouxuan Wuyue finally died

Li Da later used his younger brother Li Hongtong as his informant to stay in Fuzhou, and personally went to Qiantang (Hangzhou) to meet Wuyue King Qian Hongzhu , Hongju granted Li Da the title of concurrent minister and changed his name to Ruyun. However, Ruyun was deeply frightened and bribed Hu Jinsi, the envoy of the Nei Ya command army, with twenty golden bamboo shoots and miscellaneous treasures, asking to return to Fuzhou. Jin Si asked Hong Yu for Ruyun's behalf, Hong Yu obeyed, and Ru Yun was able to return to Fuzhou.

After Li Ruyun returned to Fuzhou, he had a disagreement with Wu Yue garrison general Bao Xiurang and planned to attack and kill Xiurang. Then Fuzhou surrendered to the Southern Tang Dynasty. Discovered by Bao Xiurang, he led troops to attack Li's mansion, killed Ruyun and exterminated his tribe. Bao Xiurang sent Li Ruyun's head to Qiantang, and Wu and Yue Wang Hongju regarded Prime Minister Wu Chengzhi as his mighty military envoy.

6. Classical Chinese Translation

The full text of Song Dynasty has hundreds of chapters. Read it for yourself. It is available at the bottom of the page. Above is the introduction: Wu Xi's biography, Li Quan's biography, Zhang Bangchang's biography, Liu Yu's biography, Jia Sidao's biography, Han Pengzhou's biography, Ding Daquan's biography, Wanqi's biography. Biography of Man, Biography of Wang Boyan, Biography of Qin Hui, Biography of Guo Yaoshi, Biography of Huang Qianshan, Biography of Zhang Jue, Biography of Cai You, Biography of Zhao Liangsi, Biography of Cai Jing, Biography of Cai Bian, Biography of Zeng Bu, Biography of Lu Huiqing, Biography of Zhang Dun, Biography of Wu Chuhou, Biography of Zhu Mianli, Biography of Cai Que, Biography of Wang Fu, Biography of Guan Li, Biography of Dong Songchen, Biography of Lan Wanggui. ) Liang Shicheng's biography, Yang Jian's biography, Wang Zhongzheng's biography, Tong Guan's biography (with Fang La's biography) Li Xian's biography, Dou Shenbao's biography, Lan Jizong's biography, Gao Zunyu's biography, Wu Yi's biography, Li Zunxu's biography, Zhang Yao's biography, Wang Yiyong's biography, Wang Jixun's biography, Wang Laozhi's biography, Wang Zai's biography, Wei Hanjin's biography, Pang An's biography, Qian Yi's biography Biography of Liu Han, Biography of Chai Tongxuan, Biography of Han Xianfu, Biography of Liu Mianzhi, Biography of Guo Yong, Biography of Lin Bu, Biography of Qiao Ding, Biography of Zhai Jin, Biography of Qi Tongwen, Biography of Chen Tuan, Biography of Hua Yue, Biography of Li Qiu, Biography of Lu Zutai, Biography of Ma Shen, Biography of Lu Zujian, Biography of Ouyang Che, Biography of Yao Xing, Biography of Chen Dong, Biography of Lin Kongzhai, Biography of Xue Qing, Biography of Zhai Jin, Biography of Lu. Biography of Xiufu, Biography of Zhang Jue, Biography of Jiang Cai, Biography of Zhang Shijie, Biography of Yin Yan, Biography of Fan Tianshun, Biography of Li Fu, Biography of Zhang Gui, Biography of Teng Maoshi, Biography of Zhang Shun, Biography of Cui Zong, Biography of Wu Anguo, Biography of Wang Zhongzhi, Biography of Li Yanxian, Biography of Zhao Li, Biography of Yang Bangjian, Biography of Zeng Pei, Biography of Xiang Zishao, Biography of Yang Zhen, Biography of Li Juan, Biography of Kang Baoyi, Biography of Li Ruoshui. Xiong Ke's biography, Chen Yuyi's biography, Wang Zao's biography, Mi Fu's biography, Zhou Bangyan's biography, Li Gefei's biography, Chen Shidao's biography, Liu Shu's biography, Zhang Lei's biography, Qin Guan's biography, Chao Buzhi's biography, Huang Tingjian's biography, Su Xun's biography, Su Shunqin's biography, Mei Yaochen's biography, Mu Xiu's biography, Shi Yannian's biography, Liu Kai's biography, Song Bai's biography, Liang Zhouhan's biography Biography of Wang Yinglin Biography of Huang Zhen Biography of Li Xin Biography Biography of Wei Liao Weng Biography of Xu Mengxin Biography of Dexiu Biography Biography of Chen Liang Biography of Zheng Qiao Biography Zhu Zhen Biography Biography of Huan Guo Biography Chen Fuliang Biography Cai Yuanding Biography Lu Jiuyuan Biography Lu Zuqian Biography Hong Xing Biography Biography Yang Wanli Biography Hu Yuan Biography Shao Bowen Biography Sun Fu Biography Wang Zhaosu Biography Li Zhicai Biography Chen Chun Biography, Xing Mang Biography Huang Gan Biography, Zhu Xi Biography Zhang Mu Shi biography Li Tong biography Yin Huoxiang biography Yang Shi biography Shao Yong biography Xie Liangzuo biography Zhang Zai biography Cheng Hao biography Cheng Yi biography Zhou Dunyi biography Cheng Shi Meng biography Wu Zunlu biography Xie Fangde biography Chen Jing biography Hong Tianxi biography Li Zhixiao biography Xu Luqing biography Chen Zhongwei biography Liang Chengda biography Li Tingzhi biography Wen Tianxiang biography Yao A biography of Xide, a biography of Chen Yizhong, a biography of Zhao Kui, a biography of Xie Fangshu, a biography of Qiao Xingjian, a biography of Wei Zhen, a biography of Yu Jie, a biography of Zheng Qingzhi, a biography of Zhao Biyuan, a biography of Shi Miyuan, a biography of Meng Gong, a biography of Zhao Rutan, a biography of Ouyang Shoudao, a biography of Gao Si De, a biography of Cao Yanyue, a biography of Wang Gang, a biography of Yang Jian, a biography of Wu Changyi, a biography of Du Fan, a biography of Xu Yi, a biography of Chen Juren. Biography of Hong Zikui, Li Zongmian, Liu Fu, Zhao Fang, An Bing, Yang Juyuan, Bi Zaiyu, Chai Zhongxing, Li Meng, Liu Huoyan, Xin Qiji, Liu Zai, Wang Dayou, Gao Deng, Wang Xin, Li Fan, Qiu Ru, Li Bi, Xiang An, Liu Guangzu, Zhao Xiong, Wu Lie, Biography of Wang Huai, Biography of Lu You, Biography of Fang Xinru, Biography of Lou Yao, Biography of Lin Li, Biography of Jingbo, Biography of Peng Guinian, Biography of Zhan Tiren, Biography of Zhao Ruyu, Biography of Zhou Bida, Biography of Liu Zhengzhuan, Biography of Zhang Xiaoxiang, Biography of Yuan Shu, Biography of Li Chun, Biography of Li Tao, Biography of Wang Shipeng, Biography of Du Xinlao, Biography of Fan Chengda, Biography of Wang Yingchen, Biography of Wang Gang. Central biography Shi Shi's biography Liu Gong's biography Ye Yong's biography Zhou Kui's biography Wang Che's biography Chen Junqing's biography Yu Yunwen's biography Li Misun's biography Zhang Shan's biography Zhao Kui's biography Fan Rugui's biography Hu Songnian's biography He Zhu's biography Chen Jue's biography Liu Yizhi's biography Chen Gui's biography Zhang Zhiyuan's biography Lu Ben's biography Zhao Kaizhuan Li Bing's biography Hu Quan's biography Hong Zunchuan Hong Mai Zhuan, Hong Shi Biography, Wang Shu Biography, Hong Hao Biography, Tang Si Tui Biography, Wang Zhi Wang Biography, Wang Lun Biography, Liu Ziyu Biography, Lu Zhi Biography, Qu Duan Biography, Zhang Jun Biography, Liu Guangshi Biography, Yang Zaixing Biography, Niu Gao Biography, Zhang Xian Biography, Wu Xian Biography, Yang Cunzhong Biography, Wu Jie Biography, Liu Qi Qi Biography, Han Shizhong Biography, Yue Fei Biography, Zhang Suo Biography. Biography of Chen He Biography of Xu Jingheng Biography of Li Guang Biography of Xu Han Biography of Lu Yihao Biography of Zhang Jun Biography of Zhu Shengfei Biography of Zhao Ding Biography of Li Gang Biography of Zong Ze Biography of Ren Liang Biography of Zhou Chang Biography Zhang Gen Biography of Zhang Shuye Biography of Nie Chang Biography of Sun Fu Biography of Geng Nanzhong Biography of He Li Biography of Li Bangyan Biography of Wang Anzhong Biography of Hou Meng Biography of Zhao Tingzhi Biography of Zheng Juzhong Biography of Sun Er Biography of Peng Ruli Biography of Lu Tao Biography of Wang Zhan Biography Biography of Liu Anshi Biography of Xian Yu Chuan Er Chuanshi Dao Chuan Li Ji Chuan Shiheng Chuan Xu Xi Chuan Li Shizhong Chuan Lu Shen Chuan Shen Kuo Chuan Li Ding Chuan Wang Guangyuan Chuan Wang Hou Chuan Xue Xiang Chuan Wang Shao Chuan Pu Zong Meng Chuan Cai Ting Chuan Wang Anguo Chuan Wang Anshi Chuan Wang Anli Chuan Li Yunze Chuan Lu Hui Chuan Zheng Xia Chuan Zheng Xie Chuan Cai Xiang Biography of Yu Jing Biography of Zeng Zhao Biography of Liu Fengshi Biography of Zeng Gong Biography of Ouyang Xiu Biography Biography of Liu Fenxian Biography Biography of Hu Su Biography Biography of Zhang Fangping Biography of Wang Gongchen Biography of Qian Weiyan Biography of Qian Yi Biography Biography of Shao Kang Biography Biography of Zhao Bian Biography of Tang Jie Biography Biography of Wu Kui Biography of Bao Zheng Biography of Han Zhen Biography of Han Jiang Biography of Han Wei Biography Han Yi's biography, Fan Zhongyan's biography, Fan Chunren's biography, Wen Yanbo's biography, Wang Xuan's biography, Fu Bi's biography, Wu Chong's biography, Zeng Gongliang's biography, Chen Shengzhi's biography, Han Qi's biography, Pang Ji's biography, Zhang Dexiang's biography, Du Yan's biography, Wang Zeng's biography, Zhang Zhibai's biography, Yang Yungong's biography, Li Di's biography, Lu Bin's biography, Qi Lun's biography, Zhang Quhua's biography, Sun He's biography Biography of Chao Jiong, Liu Jun, Yang Yi, Liang Ding, Wang Jizhuan, Fan Xiang, Tian Jing, Chen Guan, Li Fang, Jia An, Teng Zongliang, Chen Congyi, Chen Xiliang, Yao Zhongsun, Peng Cheng, Sima Chi, Liang Hao, Sun Fu, Xie Jiang, Yin Zhu, Zhang Yu Biography of Xi, Biography of Wang Zhu, Biography of Wang Yuzhou, Biography of Zhang Yong, Biography of Sun Bian, Biography of Tian Xi, Biography of Wang Yaochen, Biography of Ming Hao, Biography of Wang Ze, Biography of Ding Du, Biography of Song Minqiu, Biography of Wang Bowen, Biography of Guo Kui, Biography of Song Shou, Biography of Di Qing, Biography of Cao Yong, Biography of Yang Chongxun, Biography of Gao Qiong, Biography of Wang Yirou, Biography of Chen Pengnian, Biography of Chen Zhizhong, Biography of Jia Changchao Biography of Song Qi Biography of Chen Yaozuo Biography of Song Xiang

Biography of Xia Song, Biography of Wang Qinruo, Biography of Ding Wei, Biography of Wang Dan, Biography of Xiang Minzhong, Biography of Kou Zhun, Biography of Li Hang, Biography of Yanzan, Biography of Red Xiang, Biography of Wang Jizhong, Biography of He Meng, Biography of Ma Zhijie, Biography of Suo Xiang, Biography of Zhai Shousu, Biography of Fan Zhigu, Biography of Yao Neibin. Wang Jixun's biography, Guo Jin's biography, Yang Yanzhao's biography, Li Hanchao's biography, Yang Ye's biography, Tao Gu's biography, Hu Meng's biography, Li Weiqing's biography, Chai Yuxi's biography, Zhao Changyan's biography, Wang Mi's biography, Wen Zhongshu's biography, Su Yijian's biography, Xin Zhongfu's biography, Qian Ruoshui's biography, Lu Meng's biography, Zhang Qixian's biography, Li Rifang's biography, Shen Lun's biography, Lu Duoxun's biography, Li Mu's biography, Xue Ju's biography Biography of Shi Xizai, Biography of Lu Yuqing, Biography of Liu Xi, Biography of Dou Yi, Biography of Tian Chongjin, Biography of Liu Wensou, Biography of Mi Xin, Biography of Dang Jin, Biography of Li Hanqiong, Biography of Cui Yanjin, Biography of Cao Han, Biography of Yuan Jizhong, Biography of Zhang Mei, Biography of Guo Shouwen, Biography of Pan Mei, Biography of Cao Bin, Biography of Wang Renfan, Biography of Li Chuyun, Biography of Li Chongju, Biography of Wang Quanbin, Biography of Zhao Pu. The biography of Li Jixun, the biography of Wang Shenqi, the biography of Murong Yanzhao, the biography of Wang Pu, the biography of Shi Shouxin, the biography of Fan Zhi, the biography of Zi Song, the biography of Shi Lian, the biography of Zhen Wang, the biography of King Yi, the page biography of Zhuang Wen, the biography of Prince Li, the biography of Prince Yuanzuo of Han Dynasty, the biography of Prince Zhaocheng, the biography of Yuan Xi, the biography of Du Zongquan The queen's biography is passed down by King Dezhao of Yan, Lizong is passed down by Empress Xie's biography is passed down by Guangzong Ciyi. Empress Cao's biography of Ying Zong Ji Gaozong Ji Huizong Ji Zhezong Ji Yingzong Ji Shenzong Ji Renzong Ji Zhenzong Ji Taizong Ji "History of the Song Dynasty" Introduction page 123.