City Credit Cooperative Recruitment Examination Questions

1. What is the status of rural credit cooperatives in my country’s financial system?

Answer: Rural credit cooperatives are community-based local financial institutions composed of farmers, individual industrial and commercial households, and small and medium-sized enterprises within their jurisdiction. They are an important part of my country's financial system. As of the end of June 2004, the deposit balance of rural credit cooperatives across the country was 2,672.4 billion yuan, accounting for 11.6% of the deposits of all financial institutions; the loan balance was 1,958.5 billion yuan, accounting for 11.5% of the loans of all financial institutions. Among them, the balance of agricultural loans was 861.5 billion yuan, accounting for 86% of the balance of agricultural loans of all financial institutions. Rural credit cooperatives are becoming the main force in rural finance and the financial link connecting farmers.

2. What role do rural credit cooperatives play in supporting the development of agriculture, farmers and rural economy?

Answer: The development of agriculture and rural economy and the increase of farmers’ income require increased investment in capital, technology, manpower and other aspects. Among them, capital investment plays a vital role in the development of agriculture and rural economy at the current stage. Judging from the current situation, there are three main channels for capital investment: first, farmers’ own investment in production activities; second, increased financial investment in agricultural infrastructure and other related subsidies; third, credit funds from the financial sector. In these three aspects, the financial sector's credit capital investment accounts for a large proportion, even more than 60% in some places. Statistics show that among the credit funds in the financial sector, funds from rural credit cooperatives account for about 80%, and in some places it has even reached 90%.

For a long time, rural credit cooperatives have taken serving "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" as their mission and have played an important role in supporting the development of agriculture, farmers and rural economy. Especially since 1999, in order to meet the needs of the new stage of development of my country's agriculture and rural economy, rural credit cooperatives have actively launched small credit loans and joint guarantee loans for farmers, vigorously promoted credit farmers, credit villages and towns and other assessment activities, greatly simplifying farmers' loans The procedures have facilitated farmers' loans and greatly improved the scope of farmers' loans. The problem of farmers' loan difficulties that has been troubled for many years has been alleviated to a certain extent. By the end of 2003, 32,225 rural credit cooperatives nationwide had opened small credit loans for farmers, accounting for 94.8% of the total number of institutions, and 18,553 rural credit cooperatives had opened joint guarantee loans for farmers, accounting for 54.6% of the total number of institutions. In 2003, , 62.17 million rural households across the country have received farmers' small credit loans and joint guarantee loans, accounting for 64% of the farmers who have loan needs and meet the loan conditions, and 28% of all farmers.

In recent years, with the deepening of my country's financial system reform, commercial banks have withdrawn a large number of financial institutions in rural areas. The task of rural credit cooperatives in serving "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has become more arduous and their role has become more prominent.

3. Why did the State Council decide to deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives?

Answer: Rural credit cooperatives, as community-based local financial institutions that mainly serve "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", have achieved certain results in reforming the system, improving management, and improving services over the years. and rural economic development. However, compared with the current and future requirements of the new stage of my country's agricultural and rural economic development, there are still many incompatibilities in management methods, business models, service methods, etc. In management There are still some constraints in the system, property rights system, risk prevention and other aspects, which affect the role of rural credit cooperatives in serving "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". They need to be gradually resolved in the process of development through continuous deepening of reforms.

The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the reform of rural credit cooperatives. Since 1997, the State Council has organized relevant departments to conduct investigations and studies on rural credit cooperative reform issues on many occasions. Leading comrades of the State Council have also personally inspected the work of rural credit cooperatives and given important instructions. Since 2003, the central government has clearly stated that the overall requirements for the reform of rural credit cooperatives are to "clarify property rights relationships, strengthen restraint mechanisms, enhance service functions, provide appropriate support from the state, and take responsibility of local governments", emphasizing the need to accelerate the pace of reform of rural credit cooperatives.

To comprehensively build a moderately prosperous society, we must coordinate urban and rural economic and social development, pay more attention to rural areas, care for farmers, support agriculture, and make solving the problems of farmers, agriculture and rural economic development the top priority of economic work and place it in a more prominent position . Deepening the reform of rural credit cooperatives and improving rural financial services is not only related to the stable and healthy development of rural credit cooperatives, but also to the overall situation of agricultural development, farmers' income increase, and rural stability.

Our country is a large agricultural country. The development of rural economy is very unbalanced. There are great differences between east and west, north and south. The operating conditions and development levels of rural credit cooperatives in various regions are very different. The development of rural economy in different regions has different requirements for rural finance. Not the same either. Although the reform of rural credit cooperatives has been studied and demonstrated for a long time, and various experiments have been carried out in some areas, there is still a question about how to build a rural credit cooperative management system that suits my country's national conditions and how to reform the property rights structure of rural credit cooperatives according to local conditions. Issues such as how to choose and determine the organizational form of rural credit cooperatives that adapt to the level of rural economic development and service requirements in different regions require further exploration and experimentation. In particular, the two key points of this rural credit cooperative reform involve the adjustment of the relationship between responsibilities and rights in all aspects. The situation is complex and policy-oriented. We must be proactive, cautious, and step-by-step, and we must not rush for success. Therefore, the State Council decided to select some provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to conduct pilot projects, and then gradually roll them out based on careful practice and summarizing experience.

4. What is the guiding ideology for deepening the pilot reform of rural credit cooperatives?

Answer: According to the new requirements for rural financial services put forward by the development of agriculture and rural economy in the new era, the guiding ideology for deepening the reform of rural credit cooperatives is: guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", With the purpose of serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and in accordance with the overall requirements of "clarifying property rights relationships, strengthening restraint mechanisms, enhancing service functions, providing appropriate state support and local government responsibility", we will accelerate the reform of the management system and property rights system of rural credit cooperatives, and transform rural credit cooperatives into The cooperative has gradually established a community-based local financial institution with farmers, rural industrial and commercial households and various economic organizations as shareholders to serve farmers, agriculture and rural economic development, and give full play to the role of rural credit cooperatives as the main force in rural finance and as a financial link connecting farmers. Better support the adjustment of rural economic structure, help farmers increase their income, and promote the coordinated development of urban and rural economies.

5. What principles must be adhered to in deepening the pilot reform of rural credit cooperatives?

Answer: To carry out the pilot work of deepening reform, we must adhere to the following four principles:

(1) We must adhere to the principle of serving "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". Rural credit cooperatives are different from other financial institutions. No matter how their ownership structure and management model are reformed, their business direction must insist on serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and must be conducive to the adjustment of rural economic structure and the increase of farmers' production and income. Deviating from this direction will deviate from the purpose and goal of reform.

(2) We must adhere to the principle of adapting measures to local conditions and providing classified guidance. During the reform pilot, the imbalance of rural economic development must be fully taken into account. In terms of the design of the property rights system and the selection of organizational forms, there should be no "one size fits all" approach. Instead, differentiated treatment and classified guidance must be implemented based on different situations in various places.

(3) We must persist in carrying out reforms in accordance with the development orientation of the market economy. Rural credit cooperatives are one of the earliest financial institutions established after the founding of the People's Republic of my country. The development process of more than 50 years will inevitably leave a heavy imprint of the planned economy. Therefore, the reform of rural credit cooperatives must be clear and clear in accordance with the requirements of market economic development. property rights relations and improve the corporate governance structure, so that rural credit cooperatives can truly become financial institutions that can adapt to rural economic development.

(4) Adhere to the principle of combining responsibilities and rights and give full play to the enthusiasm of all parties. Through reform, it is necessary to clarify the supervision and management system, effectively play the active role of provincial people's governments, national supervision and management agencies, the People's Bank of China and other relevant departments, as well as rural credit cooperatives, and implement risk prevention and disposal responsibilities.

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