Introduction to the Battle of Dangyang What is the Battle of Dangyang?

Speaking of the battle in Dangyang, it's actually quite interesting. Many netizens said that Liu Bei had lost the battle, which was very miserable. What did you say? What's the story? In fact, there is still a process of watching events, so as to know how the story develops. Let's take a look at this question and reveal it together. Interested netizens don't miss it!

Brief introduction to the battle of Dangyang

The original intention of the Battle of Dangyang was a strategic retreat. As long as it is safely evacuated to Jiangling, it is a great victory. Despite heavy losses, it was defeated in the tactical sense, but these were not the decisive factors in the final victory or defeat of the war. Liu Beijun strives for greatness regardless of smallness.

What is the Battle of Dangyang?

In 208 AD, Cao Cao led an army to conquer Liu Biao Group and occupied Jingzhou. In August, Liu Biao died of illness, and his son Liu Cong took over as Jingzhou Pastoral. In September, Cao Cao's army entered a new field. Liu Cong thought it was unstoppable, so he gave Jingzhou people a surrender to Cao Cao. At this time, Liu Beitun, who defected to Liu Biao after the battle of Guandu, was stationed in Fancheng. When he heard that Liu Cong had surrendered, he led his troops to retreat to Jiangling. The result evolved into Cao Jun chasing Liu Beijun with Liu Biao attached. The defeat of Dangyang Changosaka can be said to be an unforgettable fiasco in Liu Bei's military career, which can be compared with the fall of Jingzhou and the departure of Yiling. But unlike the two defeats, Liu Bei was endowed with the aura of benevolence and righteousness, which was highly praised by historians. In other words, the failure was worthwhile.

The History of the Three Kingdoms records: "There are more than 100,000 people in Dangyang, and the trench is 1,200 miles. Don't send Guan Yu to Jiangling with hundreds of ships. Or, the late Lord said,' We must protect Jiangling at once. Although we have the masses now, few people have been attacked by armor. If Cao Gongbing arrives, why refuse him?' The late Lord said,' People-oriented must be the foundation of great events. Now people are mine, why can't I bear to abandon them! Xi chiseled his teeth and said, "Although my late Lord was in danger, his beliefs became clearer and clearer, and he didn't lose his way when he was forced into danger." . Pursuing the care of quiet life, you will feel the three services; Those who love righteousness are willing to die with each other. Those who look at the reasons why they love things are just asking questions about the cold. The ultimate economic reason is not appropriate! "

Biography of the Three Kingdoms records: "Many people in Cong and Jingzhou returned to their ancestors. Compared with Dangyang, there are hundreds of thousands of people, thousands of trenches, and more than ten miles a day. Don't send Guan Yu to Jiangling by boat. In other words, the late Lord said: It is advisable to protect Jiangling quickly. Although there are many people today, few people have been armored. If tso's soldiers arrived, why did you refuse them? The late Lord said, "Man must be the foundation of a great cause. Now that people are mine, why can't I bear to abandon them? "

It can be seen that Liu Beijun was indeed moving slowly with the fleeing masses and the trench. One of the focuses of doubt is: Are there really hundreds of thousands of people fleeing south with the ancestors of Dangyang? This is the main evidence of the popularity of the late Lord. I think there should be. Why?

First, because Jingzhou is located outside the main battlefield of the Central Plains, there has been no major war since Liu Biao, so many people moved here to escape the war.

Second, Liu Bei's family. How many/much? At this time, Liu Bei had more than 10 thousand troops, so there were many family members. Usually you can go to war without your family, but at this time you are escaping. Of course, you have to take them all with you, otherwise you will lose your family and your morale will be chaotic. This is also "my ancestors said:' People-oriented is the foundation of great things. Now people belong to me, how can I have the heart to abandon them!'" ""can't abandon the root cause.

The third is: people who fled the war. Cao Gong's massacre frightened people, which is one of them. People are out of public interest, which is the second instinct and the third instinct to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. When you don't know the unknown danger behind you, you can only choose to move on. "More than Dangyang100000 people" shows that the number of people is gradually increasing, which is in line with the actual situation.

Liu Bei fled from Fancheng south with the crowd, but was not allowed to enter Xiangyang, and ran to Jiangling in Dangyang.

Although Liu Bei loves the people, if he endangers his own safety, he will not hesitate to abandon it. History has proved many times that in times of crisis, Liu Bei was a man who abandoned his wife, children, generals and soldiers just to run for his life. He is willing to pretend to be reluctant to leave the public because he thinks Cao Cao is still far away. By the time Cao Jun caught up, he had led the crowd to Jiangling, which was the real reason why Liu Bei walked slowly.

In July 2008, Cao Cao began to conquer Liu Biao from Ye and went to Xinye in September. Liu Cong sent someone to submit the surrender to Cao Cao in Xinye. Cao Cao learned that Liu Beinan had left, so he gave up the trench and accelerated his March to Xiangyang. Liu Bei began to retreat south when Cao Caogang arrived in Wan, crossed the Hanshui River and Xiangyang, and headed for Dangyang and Jiangling.

According to the art of war and the basic requirements of marching at that time, the army marched about 30 miles every day, so that the troops would not be very tired. At the same time, when the army moves, there will inevitably be a lot of food, grass and trench to be transported. At that time, the main means of transportation was ox cart, which walked 30 miles a day (because of the constant war, horses were very scarce, and the only horses were for people to ride). Calculate Cao Cao's marching time: the distance from Ye to Wan is about 1300 Li, the marching time is 1300÷30=43 days, and the rest time is 10 days, totaling about 53 days. Cao Cao set out in July and arrived in Xinye in September, which took about 2 months, which was quite consistent. (Wan Zhi Xin Ye Yue 150 Li)

Calculate the time when Cao Cao arrived in Dangyang from Wan: It is estimated that he will rest in Wan for 2 days, because Wan is an important town in the south of Cao Wei, and there are still many garrisons that Cao Cao needs to arrange and deploy; March from Wanzhi to Xinye: the distance is 150 Li, and the normal March lasts for 5 days; Stay in Xinye for 2 days, ask to accept Liu Cong's surrender, and deploy the next combat action according to the new situation. Xinye to Xiangyang: distance 170 Li. Because of the information that Liu Bei had gone south, Cao Cao left the trench and led the whole army to advance lightly, but including the infantry, the marching speed was increased by 1 times, and it took three days to cross the Han River, 1 day, a total of four days. Stay in Xiangyang for 2 days: to meet Liu Cong and appease a large number of surrender generals and ministers, waiting for Wen Pin to come from other places to surrender; 1 day from Xiangyang to Dangyang: lead the cavalry 1 chasing more than 300 miles day and night, catching up with Liu Bei's brigade. The total time is about 16 days.

Calculate Liu Bei's retreat time: from Xiangyang to Dangyang 3 10 Li. Because Liu Bei's team didn't have 654.38+10,000 people at the beginning, but people kept joining along the way, its marching speed gradually slowed down, roughly as follows: crossing the Hanshui River 1 day; March at the normal marching speed for the first five days, with the marching distance of 30×5= 150 Li; In the middle of five days, I marched at a speed of 20 Li/day, and the marching distance was 20×5= 100 Li; In the last four days, the speed is 15 Li/day, and the distance is 15×4=60 Li; It took a total of 16 days, and the 3 10 journey was just caught up by Cao Jun.

According to the above information, it is not difficult to find that Liu Bei thinks that Cao Jun can't catch up because he speculates Cao Jun's pursuit according to the normal marching speed. At that time, Liu Bei was nearly 300 miles ahead of Cao Jun. At normal speed, Cao Jun needed to walk 10 days to reach Dangyang, while Liu Bei was still 170 miles away from his destination Jiangling. As long as he walked10/day (Cao Jun had to walk for another 5 days), Liu Bei thought he could reach Jiangling before Cao Jun.

It has been verified that Liu Bei put "Guan Yu's water army with 10,000 elite armour" at the back of the house in case Cao Cao came. There is no such thing! It is inconsistent with the records in any book. After fighting for so many years, Liu Bei knew that the political power came from the barrel of a gun. The reflection correctly said, "Don't send Guan Yu to Jiangling with hundreds of ships." Retaining this elite ten thousand people is the capital for your comeback in the future, and you can't lose your capital. Indeed, otherwise, there would be no alliance between Sun and Liu, and the world would not be divided into three points.

Liu Bei's abacus is very clever. If he fails to catch up, all members of Liu Bei's army will threaten hundreds of thousands of people to arrive in Jiangling, enjoying both fame and population. If Cao catches up, he will leave and run away as soon as possible.

So how did Cao escape?

In this army that fled to the south, Liu Bei did not detain the people at the end of the team, nor did he appease the people in the middle, but at the front! You may ask, what is the evidence? Yes! First, when Cao Bing was killing and robbing people everywhere, Liu Bei was leisurely at Changban Bridge, and he was in no hurry to escape. He could wait for Zhao Yun to rescue his wife and children. Second, after the crushing defeat, Liu Bei's army backbone did not lose one person, and all of them escaped safely. Unfortunately, it was the tens of thousands of people who fled south with him! Do you think he's that lucky? Moreover, I am afraid that Liu Bei's purpose in appeasing the people is to let his family walk in the middle, so as to show that he is with the people and overcome the difficulties together. As a result, Zhao Yun experienced all the risks, but it was still worth it.

It is unreasonable to say that Liu Bei abandoned his wife and children. When he was defeated, everyone was dispersed. What can he do except run for his life? Not only Liu Bei, but any leader in history still has time to take care of his wife after being defeated and fleeing for his life? Even the overlord can't keep the concubine.

In this way, benevolence and righteousness come to hand, and people return to their hearts. Liu Bei has friends all over the world, and I can have one in the world. Just pity the people who fled all the way south, which is not only the stepping stone for Liu Bei to gain fame, but also the cannon fodder that Liu Beijun broke. The battle of Dangyang can be described as Liu Beijun's defeat and unbeaten, and his greatest hero is this ignorant and innocent people.