Why are the formal employees of Baosteel Development transferred outside the factory?

The most professional analysis of the power industry!

The electric power industry will always be a place for skilled workers. What you learn in school is completely different from reality. However, the difference between power plant majors and non-power plant majors is that power plant majors can familiarize themselves with a large number of power plant-specific vocabulary terms. This is very important. Only familiarity will help you after graduation. Master power plant work skills in just one or two years.

Before the Ministry of Electric Power was disbanded, North China Electric Power University and Wuhan University of Water Conservancy and Hydropower were the only two universities directly under the Ministry of Electric Power in my country. However, universities such as Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, and Changchun University also receive scientific research projects from the Ministry of Electric Power all year round, so they are also favored by the power system.

Others include Northeast Electrical Engineering Institute, Changsha Electrical Engineering College, and Chongqing Electrical Engineering College. . . Because there are so many students in the electric power system, the school will naturally be able to earn a living at the power plant.

Please think deeply. Applying for the electric power major is to analyze clearly the development situation of my country's electric power. When Prime Minister XXX was in office, he believed that my country's electric power development was overheated and there was a surplus of electric power. This led to a large number of graduates majoring in power plants being forced to change careers. It was terrible!

With the spread of power shortage in recent years, the power industry is booming. As long as you can distinguish the boiler electricity in a power plant, someone will basically pull you into the power plant.

However, whether the power industry in the future will gradually be based on saturation or continue to develop ahead of the national economy is a matter for the central government. It is inconvenient for me to speculate!

Many people think that the merger of Wu Shui into Wuhan University has drastically reduced its influence in the electric power system. In fact, this is not the case. Wu Shui merged into Wuhan University, but the majors and teachers are still there, and over the years, the system has been established His connections are still there, so Wushui is still a brand!

Many people believe that since power plants are skilled workers, electrical engineering students are as competitive as electrical engineering undergraduates. In fact, it is not the case. Today, my country's main power plants are moving towards 600,000 units on a large scale, requiring skilled workers to have higher quality (of course, those who are dissatisfied can think of it as requiring higher diplomas). The 600,000 power plants have set a general goal of 60-90% of the 600,000 power units have a bachelor's degree. . Coupled with the expansion of university enrollment in recent years and the proliferation of college students, the number of diplomas in the entire industry has increased. It is not difficult to see that even among factory employees, those with higher diplomas have an advantage. This is the same in other industries and is dictated by national conditions.

Therefore, when various power systems recruit students, they mostly recruit from the schools mentioned above. Among them, the coastal areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Beijing, Tianjin and Tang Dynasty, as well as major nuclear power and pumped storage power stations, Gezhouba, Three Gorges, and Longtan Hydropower Stations, all use generous treatment to strictly select candidates!

Other regions set their own selection criteria based on salary and geographical location. Basically, relevant professionals from North China Radio and Television University, Wushui, Tsinghua University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Zhongshan University and other universities can travel across the country.

However, there are disputes among the heroes in the coastal areas. Major alumni dominate in the southwest, Wushui is strong in the central and southern regions, North China University of Radio and Television takes the lead in the north, Northeastern University of Radio and Television takes the lead in the northeast, and the northwest and Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Qinghai-Tibet regions Undergraduate students are reluctant to go. These are the patterns set by alumni of each school over the years and have not changed much yet!

So, don’t brag about how powerful your school is. You must have the ability to go to the coastal areas to work hard at any time. Graduates of North China Radio and Television University will not be as powerful when they go to Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan, and students from Wushui will have difficulty making a difference in the Northeast. . After graduating from an electrical college, he also received a high degree of education when he arrived in Inner Mongolia.

Therefore, don’t despise a college diploma. If you want to be an official, you still need a diploma. Although a diploma does not represent ability, being an official is about giving orders and has nothing to do with ability. Unless you want to be a worker all your life! But don’t be afraid. After you become a minor official, you can also get a diploma by correspondence. Everything is just a formality, but it is indispensable! Nowadays, low-educated leaders are basically extinct. Although the leadership diploma also has a lot of merit, everyone agrees on this! ?

The core of the system is the power plant. Only when the power plant is on fire can the power grid be on fire. Only when the power plant is alive can the power design institute, electric power research institute, and power equipment manufacturing and design companies have food.

To correct one thing, the electric power profession, electric power companies and electric power bureaus are not the same concept (power companies refer to the headquarters and regional headquarters of the five major electric power groups and offices in central cities, the headquarters of power grid companies and regional Headquarters and offices in central cities, power bureaus in large and medium-sized cities, and provincial power group headquarters such as: Yudean Group headquarters and city offices, Zhejiang Energy Group, etc.) These places are all management units. We will not recruit newly graduated students majoring in electric power. They usually work in remote power plants or substations for n years. Suddenly you are lucky enough to win 5 million and you are transferred to the headquarters! Or the local small power bureau climbed up step by step!

Electric power design, research, and development are the domain of graduate students!

The electric power industry has been booming in recent years, causing graduates majoring in electric power to give up their postgraduate entrance exams and work directly. This has something to do with school leaders showing off their political achievements with their employment rate. In fact, jobs are easy to find, but working life in a power plant is always depressing.

The remote geographical location is a permanent flaw of the power plant. There are very few female employees in the power plant. In addition, the work of the power plant determines that the social circle of employees is generally small, and the marriage and relationship problems of employees have always been difficult to solve! Of course, in this regard, power plants in coastal areas have done relatively well. Therefore, students who go to power plants, please think twice! Is a power plant what you really need in life? It is a pity that college students who have been in college have not realized the seriousness of the problem. Students who have never received a salary have forgotten to consider that life is just about having money after seeing the so-called high salaries in power plants. Is that enough? ...

When it comes to wages, each power plant is very different. Let me give you a rough idea: for a large and medium-sized power plant in normal operation, the operators in the main positions will receive about 80,000 yuan a year! Of course, the salary in coastal areas will be higher. Like the Yudean Group, which has a strong financial position in recent years, it is not a dream for ordinary employees to have an annual salary of more than 100,000. Of course, if you are unfortunate enough to work in an old power plant, a small power plant, a power plant with tight coal resources, or a power plant that leads bt, your salary will be 50% off or lower. I would like to express my deepest sympathy and condolences to the low-income power plant brothers!

One thing must be made clear. After entering the middle-level cadres, income is no longer related to the efficiency of the power plant. The middle-level cadres of any power plant are rich owners. I don’t know how much exactly, because I am not a middle-level person! (ps: middle-level refers to positions above the chief, who is the highest-level worker).

Therefore, after entering a power plant, many people will resign to take the postgraduate entrance examination or the civil service examination. It is not that the postgraduate entrance examination is promising, but because life in a power plant is even less promising!

Many people will wonder whether to go to the Electric Power Bureau, the Design Institute, the Power Grid Company Substation, the Power Plant, or the Research Institute? Or go to the power construction company? Or enter the power equipment manufacturing industry? Or enter the self-provided power plant of a large industrial enterprise?

I think it would be best if I could get into the Electric Power Bureau, but basically I can’t get in! Design institutes and research institutes are the domain of graduate students or above, while substations and power plants are the same. Of course, those who study thermal engineering are destined to choose the latter.

Self-owned power plants for large enterprises are a good choice. Many people mistakenly believe that self-owned power plants have a poor future, but this is not the case. For example, Baosteel's self-owned power plant is an example!

Power construction (including pilot plants) and equipment manufacturing companies are the last choices for students majoring in electric power.

They all rely on temporary market trends. If one day the power industry is saturated and you are asked to go home and wait for a few years, I don’t think anyone wants this. Even if the industry is booming now and there is a lot of money, there is no way to know the endless high-intensity overtime work. How many people can not complain? Especially for electric power construction companies and construction companies, the busy schedule, no fixed place to live, life, family, and body are all irreconcilable contradictions! !

I would like to sincerely warn all readers that the electric power major is a workers’ major, and those with an office mentality should enter the industry with caution! The vast majority of students from thermal energy and power engineering (power plant category), electrical automation (power plant category), and power plant chemistry (power plant category) are workers, and they have to work as workers for at least 5-10 years!

Power supply bureaus are divided into urban power supply bureaus and small local power supply bureaus. Of course, it would be best to join a big city power supply bureau, but when faced with the choice between small local power supply bureaus and power plants, there are still questions. Got it!

If the power plant is particularly good, like one along the coast, with an annual salary of 100,000, such a power plant is worth choosing! But you must be clear, power plants require night shifts, not just one or two days, but ten or eight years! Many people who don’t work night shifts will say: I’m not afraid of staying up late. I basically go to bed at 4 or 5 o’clock every night!

I can only smile bitterly at you... Night shift is not just about staying up late! Night shift is a job that lasts 6-8 hours, and you can't sleep. It's not a computer game. 4 or 5 o'clock is when a person is most sleepy. At this time, there are still 4 or 5 hours before getting off work. Are you sure you can handle it?

Let me tell you, you definitely can’t handle it.

The night shift workers in the power plant are all men between 20 and 35 years old, and few are over 40 years old. Why? Because basically no one can still work night shifts year after year after the age of 40.

As mentioned above, the highest-ranking worker in a power plant is the shift leader, and the shift leader also works the night shift. What should I do if a shift supervisor is too old to work the night shift? There are two ways, one is to go up, surpass workers and become middle managers. But not all people will find a middle-level job after working for ten or twenty years. The other way is to arrange to go to a very idle position to hang out until retirement.

The salary for a very idle position will naturally be very low. From a person with an annual income of more than 100,000 to an idle person with an annual income of 30,000 to 40,000, the feeling is not only the difference in money, but the reality is like this. A class worker is not yet a worker. In the eyes of the boss, if you are worthless, you are equivalent to a useless person!

When you enter the factory, you will definitely start from the lowest position. It will take you 8-15 years to go from the lowest position to the full-time position. Therefore, your most valuable years will be spent in the extremely glorious stage of being a worker. On!

How long can the power system last? Many people have this question. Now let me express my personal opinion:

Electricity precedes the development of the national economy. This is a common phenomenon all over the world. A view that is basically recognized. However, my country's current electric power development situation is far from meeting this requirement. For a long time, electric power will still be a bottleneck restricting my country's economic development. In view of the rapid development of my country's electric power industry in the past two years, many People will wonder whether the day when there will be excess electricity is still far away? The answer is of course no. Many data will not be listed. The only point to say is that the current per capita available electricity in our country is less than half of the world average.

The sustained and rapid growth of my country's economy in the future is foreseeable, and the simultaneous growth of my country's electricity will also be inevitable. my country's electricity demand is growing at a rate of more than 150 billion kWh every year. It will exceed 200 billion kWh in one or two years. Currently, The development speed of electric power still cannot keep up with the speed of economic development, let alone be better than economic development. Looking beyond 2015, electric power will basically meet domestic development needs. In 2020, it seems to have entered a period of surplus. Surplus does not mean recession, but also It doesn’t mean that electricity cannot be sold. Just like today’s west-to-east electricity transmission, China’s electric power will be fully capable of carrying out the national power transmission in 10 years.

Twenty years have passed by in a blink of an eye. In time, the electric power industry that you and I are concerned about will only flourish. It is completely unnecessary to worry about 20 years from now. Taking the present as an example, my country's electric power groups have begun to gradually develop outwards, in Southeast Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, Projects are frequently launched in Africa and other places. As regional economic cooperation such as ASEAN and Shanghai Economic Cooperation continues to expand and deepen in the future, China will make greater achievements in the power field in developing countries and regions.

Having said that big policy predictions are actually important, it is still more important to pay more attention to the benefits of one’s power plant. The efficiency of a power plant can be basically boiled down to one point: leadership ability. Only when leaders can think more about their employees and do everything possible to seek their welfare, can you have a personal future and happiness.

Some people can’t figure it out: Didn’t I say above that small power plants and coal-free power plants have no future?

Answer: These are all related to the leadership ability. China’s total coal amount is enough to be mined for 70 years, which is enough to support the careers of all the officials. The coal-power linkage policy ensures that the risk of coal price fluctuations is transferred to users. There is no shortage of coal in the central and western regions of China. There is Shanxi in the north, Anhui in the middle, Guizhou in the south, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. The key is that coal and electricity are now linked. Many companies own coal sources and would rather hoard than sell at a low price. At this time, whether the leader can buy coal becomes critical. With its excellent geographical and transportation conditions and the huge profits from the high electricity prices in the east, China has no problem buying coal. No matter how expensive imported coal is, it can afford to burn it. Some factories directly use oil-fired units. Small power plants are not necessarily poor power plants. Small power plants in Guangdong and other places are still very popular. The income of small heat and power joint venture units in northern cities is not low, and their geographical location in the city is enviable. The problems explained by the repeated bans on small hydropower across the country are left to the readers to think about.

In general, the power industry will continue to be hot for about a year, and then it will develop steadily. Note: it is development, not excess, nor recession. The general environment is good, but you have to rely on yourself to earn a good future for yourself. Again, if you don’t have strong relationships and don’t know how to build relationships, just save it.

The construction of UHV grid is the direction of power layout, and the localization of UHV technology will also become the market focus in the domestic power transmission and transformation field. In the next five years, DC transmission projects will enter the fast lane, with an average annual There are 1 to 2 projects started. Under the premise that the country strongly advocates increasing the localization rate, the localization rate of Yunnan-Guangdong UHV DC transmission line should reach more than 60%. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the total planned investment of State Grid and China Southern Power Grid exceeded 1.2 trillion yuan. , nearly twice as high as during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, and the average annual growth rate of power grid investment is expected to be 20%. From the perspective of investment proportion, future power grid investment will focus on the transformation of backbone power grids and big city power grids. In the long term, the large-scale launch of UHV projects after 2009 can ensure the future long-term demand for high-end equipment. The total investment scale is expected to exceed 300 billion yuan. .

The UHV debate in 2005 has been concluded. Now it seems that the UHV test base of Wuhan High-tech Research Institute will be launched and four UHV lines will be built before 2009, including the "Southern Shanxi Line" under the State Grid Corporation of China. -Nanyang-Jingmen 1000kV UHV Test Demonstration Project", "Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba and Jinping Hydropower Station ±800kV UHV DC Transmission Project", "Yunnan-Guangdong ±800kV DC Transmission Project" and "Yunnan Zhaotong- Guilin, Guangxi-Huidong, Guangdong 1000kV AC transmission project. After the technology accumulation of UHV demonstration projects matures, UHV transmission projects are expected to be launched on a large scale. It is expected that the transmission capacity of UHV and inter-regional power grids will reach 210 million kilowatts by 2020, of which approximately 56 million kilowatts are ±800 kV DC, and the other approximately 150 million kilowatts are composed of AC. In terms of investment, the investment in UHV AC plus DC by 2020 will be about 406 billion yuan, of which AC will be 256 billion yuan and DC will be 150 billion yuan. The amount of projects started before 2009 should exceed 50 billion yuan.

At present, no country in the world has built a ±800kV DC UHV transmission line, and there is no operating experience to follow. Although some countries or laboratories have carried out some research work, they are all based on laboratory simulation conditions, which are quite different from actual operating conditions. The DC transmission projects that have been completed and are under construction in my country have initially achieved the localization of ±500kV DC transmission engineering design and equipment, laying the foundation for the application of ±800kV DC transmission technology.

Nuclear power is also very promising. I will not go into details about the benefits of nuclear power. There are currently three nuclear power bases in China: Qinshan Nuclear Power Base in Zhejiang Province, with five nuclear power units; Guangdong Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant Base, 4 nuclear power units; Jiangsu Province Tianwan Nuclear Power Base. my country plans to develop two new nuclear power bases: Sanmen Nuclear Power Base in Zhejiang Province and Yangjiang Nuclear Power Base in Guangdong Province. At present, the installed capacity of nuclear power plants in operation and under construction in our country reaches 8.7 million kilowatts. In 2003, my country's nuclear power generation reached 43.7 billion kilowatt hours. It is initially envisaged that nuclear power generation will account for 4% of total power generation in 2020, with installed capacity reaching 36 million kilowatts. Among the 11 units currently under construction and operating, in addition to independent design, they also adopt technology from France, Canada, Russia and other countries.

At present, the construction projects of Yangjiang and Sanmen nuclear power plants have been approved by relevant national departments, and preliminary preparations are in full swing. Many inland provinces in China have also begun to prepare for the establishment of nuclear power plant construction projects and site surveys. The country has also loosened its financing channels for nuclear power plant projects.

Let’s talk about some precautions. Of course, what you need to pay attention to when entering a nuclear power plant is radiation. It is nonsense to say that there is no radiation. Why are nuclear power plants so strict when recruiting operation employees? The basic requirements are: strong and healthy, preferably I have a brother at home, and after working for ten years, he was immediately transferred to a position with radiation. Basically, he works next to the reactor. The radiation dose is estimated to be about 200 times that of hospital X-rays! Also, in nuclear power, you must have good grades and face-to-face Most of the equipment is imported from abroad, and most of the technical support is provided by foreign personnel. How many people have foreign language skills that can reach barrier-free communication? Therefore, Dayawan once recruited a group of students from the French Department of Wuhan University to do operations. Next Let’s talk about the salary. A widely circulated theory at that time was that it was 12,000 yuan a month and 16 months’ salary a year. But the specific situation is not clear. It should be different for different positions, but it should not be a problem to get 1.5 million yuan in ten years. .Even the probation period is attractive with a monthly salary of more than 5,000.

Generally speaking, nuclear power is still a good choice. The consequences of 10 years of radiation on people should not be very serious (otherwise it would have been early Some people stand up and say they quit), but other aspects are no different from thermal power stations.

The personnel agency system is not very clear. But we can talk about the establishment of power plants, for your reference only.

Power plants generally have a general manager's office, human resources department, political work department, financial department, logistics department...power generation department (the names are definitely different in different places, just know what they mean)

The power plant operating personnel are under the management of the Power Generation Department. The power plant operation is divided into main engine operation and field operation. The main engine operates three major parts: extension, furnace and electricity. The main engine operators are all regular workers and the main body of work in the power plant. As mentioned above Most of the data is for them.

The sub-fields include fuel coal fields, chemical water production fields, desulfurization and electrostatic precipitators (sometimes also attached to boiler tubes). Regular workers are responsible for monitoring equipment in the sub-site, and most of the specific work is done by skilled migrant workers. Skilled migrant workers are informal workers recruited by power plants. The wages are less than one-third of those of formal workers, or even lower, and they do not enjoy the benefits of formal workers (that is, they do not have hardware).

All operating personnel form an operating branch, with a director under it. In addition, according to the shift system, there is a duty leader for each shift (assuming there is only one unit for now), a unit leader, and a main operator of the machine and furnace. One person each, and one person each for machine, furnace and electric patrol. Other sub-sites refer to the host settings.

Parallel to the operation branch is the thermal branch, which contains small branches such as relay protection and thermal instrumentation. There is one thermal branch director and two or three branch squad leaders.

The directors of the operation branch and thermal branch are directly managed by the Power Generation Department. The Power Generation Department has a department director, a deputy director, and two or three office staff.

I won’t say more as other departments are not very relevant to the electric power major. Of course, the power plant department has a serious situation of maintaining idle people. What I am talking about is the most reasonable staffing, and the jobs arranged by the leaders for their own related households are not included in this.

In most cases, the income of the power plant discussed refers to the income of the three main operators of machinery, furnaces and electricity. Other positions will increase or decrease to varying degrees depending on the position.

The middle management of a power plant refers to people at the director level, while the top management refers to people at the CEO level.

A normal large and medium-sized power company generally has its own tertiary industry. Take a power plant as an example. The money from the electricity sales each year is turned over to the group company, which then reports it to the company's coal budget for the next year. , the head office passes the calculation again, and allocates funds for coal purchase.

If a power plant uses 3 million tons of coal per year, but reports a coal consumption of 3.1 million tons, and the reported price per ton is 400 yuan per ton, the actual coal purchased The price is 380 yuan per ton, and the middle price difference is about 50 million. It is 50 million a year. It is used to develop the tertiary industry, most of which are the development of coal ash treatment plants (making cement and bricks), and the development of real estate and construction. of the hotel. These industries can provide power plant employees with shares, and launder money for the continuous black gold from the price difference of coal purchases. Therefore, the power tertiary industry has extremely strong profitability. The dividends are very generous. Basically another paycheck.

Many brothers in the system complained above that the salary is not as high as I described. I have also stated before that the prerequisite for high salary is to work in a normally operating large and medium-sized power plant. and serve as formal workers. For those informal workers, or power plant workers who have major problems in operation and management, I can only deeply regret that your wages are low.

I also sympathize with those non-official employees in small places, grassroots power grids, and power supply bureaus who cannot get higher wages. The power grid and power supply bureau also focus on efficiency. Nowadays, our country implements the separation of factories and networks. The power grid is independently accounted for. Face the bidding online. Some places simply cannot buy or sell much electricity. Without transaction volume, there will naturally be no benefits. If there is no industrial electricity in a small place, the electricity consumption transaction in the area will be small. However, the profit of residents' electricity use is low, resulting in low efficiency or even losses for power supply enterprises. How can wages be high in this way? There are also some areas that are unable to build power plants due to lack of coal and inconvenient transportation of thermal coal. Electricity can only be purchased from other regions. In addition, the domestic power shortage is still there, and the price of on-grid electricity has skyrocketed. Such a power grid cannot make money.

Generally speaking, as a monopoly industry that is related to the national economy and people’s livelihood, it is inevitable that wages are generally high. Therefore, brothers who work in the power system but have low wages should consider moving. .

In addition, the income of employees in the power industry is not balanced, and the income difference is also large. There are roughly three types of situations. The first category is large power plants and large transmission enterprises that undertake the main tasks of generating and transmitting electricity, the so-called key enterprises. The second category is auxiliary enterprises and multi-business enterprises of the power system, and the third category is small and medium-sized power generation enterprises and wholesale power supply enterprises in poor counties. Most of these enterprises have operational difficulties due to their backward technology, large number of personnel, and heavy burdens. Income is not the case.

I think the income of employees in key enterprises in the power industry is related to many factors such as the size of the enterprise, the degree of modernization of the enterprise, the number of employees, and the wage levels of similar enterprises in other provinces and cities.

Large power plants generate about 3 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per capita per year. Calculated based on the average electricity sales price, the per capita value created is about 1 million yuan. The per capita annual income of 80,000 yuan only accounts for 8% of the value created. The per capita coal production of key state-owned coal mines is only 300 tons. Calculated based on the sales price of 200 yuan per ton, the per capita annual created value is about 60,000 yuan. Calculated as the annual income per person is 20,000 yuan, the per capita salary accounts for 33% of the created value, which is the per capita income of key power enterprises. Accounting for 4 times the value created8.

The average annual power generation per employee of my country's key power generation enterprises is 3 million kilowatt hours, and the average annual power generation per employee of similar power generation enterprises in the United States is 22 million kilowatt hours. The ratio between the two is 1:7.3. The per capita coal production of key state-owned coal mine workers in my country is 240 tons, while the average annual coal production per worker in the United States is 12,000 tons. The ratio between the two is 1:50.

The electric power industry is a technology-intensive and talent-intensive industry. A large thermal power plant with an installed capacity of one million has an average of only about 2,000 employees. And with the deepening of the power structure reform, the number of personnel will be further reduced. In the past ten years, the power industry has continuously introduced advanced foreign technologies, and generator sets have developed towards large units, high parameters, and high automation. In terms of distribution, the big pot and egalitarianism have gradually been broken, and wage income has been tilted towards key enterprises. Therefore, the income of employees in key enterprises has increased with the income of auxiliary businesses and multi-business enterprises.

Regarding the power industry, it is often more related to income issues. This is something I do not want to see but cannot avoid and change. I have already said "

Whether Is a power plant what you really need in life? It's a pity that college students who have been in college do not realize the seriousness of the problem. Students who have never received a salary have already started to think about it after seeing the so-called high salaries in power plants. Have you forgotten to consider that life is just about having money? ..."

Since you cannot avoid the issue of income, I have to tell you that when you look at your income, you must also look at your situation.