How much space does it take to run an elderly care home in the community?

What kind of management model do you belong to? Generally speaking, there are three types of situations: 1. "Government-run apartments for the elderly." These apartments for the elderly are invested and built by the government, which operates and manages the apartments as the operating entity. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, our government's elderly care and welfare facilities mainly focused on "nursing homes" and "nursing homes" established for the "five guarantee households" and "households in need". With the deepening of the aging of the population, the market economy With the gradual development of elderly welfare facilities, the government's understanding of elderly welfare facilities began to change, and it began to encourage "social welfare socialization" and encourage social forces to participate in the construction of elderly welfare facilities. However, on the other hand, the government is the main source of funds and main operations. Elderly care facilities such as apartments for the elderly are also gradually increasing. The Elderly Apartment in Huancui District, Weihai City, Shandong Province is a joint venture between the Civil Affairs Bureau and the District Civil Affairs Bureau with an investment of 50 million yuan. When completed, it will be the largest elderly apartment in Shandong Province. Another example is Zhengzhou, Henan. The government invested in the "Henan Community Elderly Service Center" with an investment of 38 million yuan in the first phase of the project, covering an area of ??101 acres and a construction area of ??12,700 square meters. As a model and comprehensive elderly apartment in Henan Province, its service targets are mainly retired cadres who can take care of themselves. This type of apartment for the elderly is invested and established by the government, with full project funding, many management, nursing, and service personnel, a good surrounding environment, various places for the elderly to study, exercise, and entertainment in the facility, complete equipment, and management Standardized, with a good external reputation, the occupancy rate is generally maintained above 90%, and preferential policies in terms of land, water, electricity, taxation, etc. can also be well implemented. However, due to the large number of management personnel and high costs, there is often a problem of insufficient funds in operations. 2. "Government-invested, individually operated apartments for the elderly" The main feature of this type of apartment for the elderly is that the government allocates land and invests in the construction of the infrastructure of the apartment for the elderly. However, in terms of operation and management, it adopts a recruitment system and recruits social workers. personnel for operation and management. Experience in some areas shows that when government departments build infrastructure and recruit personnel to operate it, the starting point of the hardware is high, the nursing staff is stable, the service quality is guaranteed, and the services are divided into high, medium and low-end to meet the needs of different levels of people, and demand exceeds supply. Because the initial investment has been eliminated, the operational burden is relatively small, and the operation is flexible, so it is full of vitality. Senior Apartments in Yantai City and Jinshang Senior Apartments in Xiamen City, Fujian Province both belong to this type of apartment. They are managed and operated by the Civil Affairs Bureau to build infrastructure and recruit personnel. The most common feature of these apartments for the elderly is that they have complete facilities. , beautiful and comfortable. Because of the establishment, the service staff are guaranteed, the service quality is also better, and the corresponding charges are also higher. Most of the people who can stay are retired cadres, and some have children with good financial conditions who are willing to help the elderly to stay. . But there are many difficulties associated with such facilities. For example, regarding medical issues, there is a conflict between the designated hospitals in elderly apartments and the designated hospitals for medical insurance, which creates artificial constraints. Only the combination of medical care and nursing care can enable the elderly to live peacefully in their old age. They urgently hope that the government can consider a medical insurance method similar to the all-in-one card to better solve the problem. This contradiction. 3. "Social forces run apartments for the elderly." Due to the encouragement of the "social welfare socialization" policy, apartments for the elderly built by social forces have developed rapidly in recent years, and some have initially formed a certain scale. Socialization and marketization have opened up the way forward. Some of these elderly apartments built by social forces were renovated by renovating old facilities and revitalizing non-performing assets, such as the Kangle Apartment for the Elderly in Jinan City. It was established in September 1997 by renovating the workshop and administrative office building of the original leather shoe factory that had ceased production. After several years of struggle, it has now matured and the existing 100 beds have been basically filled; Some are invested and built by enterprises, such as the Sunset Red Apartment for the Elderly in Qingdao, which was built by Qingdao Sunset Red Entrepreneurship Center Co., Ltd. with an investment of 3 million yuan; there are also some apartments for the elderly built by individuals or collectives, such as Zhengzhou Aixin Elderly Recreation Garden. Established by raising funds from individuals. The Qijiakuang Senior Apartment in Weihai is a senior citizen apartment jointly built by the village. They use Wenbifeng Group, the village's leading enterprise, as a source of funding. They invest 200,000-300,000 yuan in senior citizen apartments every year as a kind of senior citizen apartment for the elderly in the village. Benefits: Over 70 years old can move in. Individuals only need to pay 1/3 of the fee, which is 520 yuan/month.

There are examples of elderly apartments built by social forces such as enterprises, collectives or individuals in most areas. With the development of the non-public economy and the implementation of social welfare socialization policies, the number of elderly apartments built by social forces is gradually increasing. , and achieved obvious economic and social benefits, and several different establishment models have emerged, namely "Wenzhou Model", "Guangzhou Model" and "Shanghai Model". It breaks the traditional old model of government-organized, government-funded, and government-sent cadres to manage. "Wenzhou Model". The main characteristics of the “Wenzhou Model” are “government guidance, diversification of organizers, diversification of fund raising, and integration of urban and rural linkages.” (1) Government guidance is subject-oriented, and the government mainly plays the role of planning, organization, guidance, coordination and supervision. (2) The organizers are diversified, with the state solely organizing the event, and gradually developing towards the direction of being jointly organized by the state, collectives, associations, non-governmental organizations, individuals, and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. (3) Diversification of fund raising, from a single allocation by the government to multi-channel fund raising such as government allocations, corporate grants, social donations, and sales of welfare lottery tickets. (4) Urban-rural linkage and integration, advocate the joint establishment of rural nursing homes and apartments for the elderly, establish social welfare centers in small towns, establish various volunteer service teams, and actively explore the "three rings and one chain" of "carrier activation, community linkage, and home celebration" "The socialization model has achieved good social and economic benefits. "Shanghai model". The main feature of the Shanghai model is that "home care for the elderly is paid by the government." The government's preferential treatment has been upgraded from a hidden subsidy to an explicit subsidy, and private subsidies have been adopted, which has greatly promoted the development of social-run elderly care institutions. In 2004, Shanghai Pudong New Area issued the "Interim Measures for Fund Subsidies for Socially-run Elderly Care Institutions in Pudong New Area": ??non-profit social-run elderly care institutions registered in Shanghai Pudong New Area will receive financial subsidies, and the subsidies are mainly used for start-up funds and operating expenses; The start-up funds will be subsidized based on the scale of the social-run elderly care institution, with a maximum limit of 200,000 yuan. The operating expenses will be subsidized based on the number of elderly people adopted within the number of beds. Each adopted elderly person with a household registration in Pudong New Area will receive a monthly subsidy of 100 yuan. This method monetizes government preferential treatment and alleviates some of the funding shortages of elderly care institutions. More importantly, it encourages the enthusiasm of social forces to set up elderly care institutions and promotes the further development of elderly care institutions. The biggest similarity between the "Wenzhou Model" and the "Shanghai Model" is that the government has found its own position in the wave of social welfare socialization. The government no longer does everything on its own, but provides macro guidance, overall planning, and active support. Changing roles and taking various measures to support the development of social-run elderly care institutions is a good example of private assistance for elderly care facilities. In the "Guangzhou Model", various measures taken by operators to adapt to the market economy are highlighted. The most prominent feature of the "Guangzhou Model" is the continuous innovation of investment and operation models, and the development of elderly care institutions, such as Guangzhou Shouxing Building, has shown vitality. Guangzhou Shouxing Building is a multi-functional hotel-style private apartment for the elderly jointly organized by the Guangzhou Elderly Recreation Association and Guangzhou Friendship Hospital. It integrates care, accommodation, tourism, vacation, recuperation, entertainment, food and health care. It continues to innovate in its investment and business model, uses rolling development methods to continuously expand reproduction, and uses the leverage of the market economy to form an industrialized and market-oriented sustainable development model for elderly care services. They adopt the method of one-time purchase of the right to use the apartment for the elderly residents. The purchase fee ranges from 15,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan. Because the cost is low, most elderly people can accept it, and the Shouxing Building can recover funds quickly and further expand investment. This rolling development has solved the vicious cycle of shortage of funds, low occupancy rates and operating losses in most private elderly care facilities, and has achieved good development. Although the above three models have different forms of development and different paths forward, their experiences tell us that under the current circumstances, government support in terms of policies and funds is the fundamental foundation for the development of social elderly care facilities. Advanced business concepts and flexible investment models are powerful guarantees for the further development of social elderly care facilities. However, it is worth noting that for the vast majority of elderly apartments run by social forces, they still face many difficulties: such as limited loans and insufficient funding sources; limited support from the government, and it is difficult to implement preferential policies; various social forces There is a lack of unified industry standards for elderly apartments, uneven development, and weak ability to respond to risks in the market environment, etc., which urgently need further solutions