Classical Chinese essays written to subordinates

1. Qian can communicate with the gods. Classical Chinese reading question. When a new official takes office, what kind of performance does Zhang Yanshang give to his subordinates?

In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Yanshang was about to serve as the envoy of Duzhi. He knew there was a big case that was a wrongful conviction. Every time I mention this major case, I sigh with regret. After Zhang Yanshang became the envoy, he summoned the officials in charge of lawsuits and prisons to strictly reprimand them, and ordered them: "This case has been delayed for too long. You must complete the trial within ten days." Chapter 1 The next day when I came to the government office, I saw a note on the desk that said: Please pay 30,000 yuan, please don't interfere with this case. Zhang Yanshang was furious after seeing this and urged the case even more. On the third day, I saw another note on the desk, which said: Pay 50,000 yuan. Zhang Yanshang became even more angry after reading this and ordered that the trial must be completed and the case closed within two days. On the fourth day, there was still a note on the desk, which read: One hundred thousand dollars. Zhang Yanshang never asked about this case again after reading it. After the officials learned about this incident, they took the opportunity to ask Zhang Yanshang why he didn't continue to intervene in the case. Zhang Yanshang replied: "If you pay up to one hundred thousand yuan, you can reach the gods! There is nothing that cannot be reversed. I am afraid that I will be in trouble and have to accept it!"

At first, Zhang Yanshang was very strict. , upright and strict with his subordinates. Later, as the amount of bribe money continued to increase, Zhang Yanshang was finally afraid of affecting his title and safety, so he compromised and accepted the bribe~ 2. Find a migrant worker's classical Chinese essay

In that month, Wu Zheng Liu Ji from Qingtian, Zhang Yi from Longquan, Ye Chen from Lishui, and Song Lian from Jinhua arrived at Jiankang.

In the early days, Duke Wu Guo went to Wuzhou and summoned Lian. When Ke Chuzhou was reached, Hu Dahai recommended Ji and four other people, and immediately sent envoys to conquer them with books and coins. At that time, Sun Yan, the general secretary, was ordered to appoint the foundation first, and then the envoys rebelled, but they couldn't afford it. Yan wrote a book of thousands of words, and Chen Tianming sent an order to Ji, who arrived with the three of them. When people saw that Duke Wu was very happy, he gave him a seat and asked him to sit down and work hard: "I am Mr. Qu Si in the world. When will the disputes in the world be settled?"

He made eighteen current affairs and said: " Due to the turmoil in the world, Ming Gong rose up in the wilderness, with a small land and a small population, with nothing to rely on. His reputation was very bright, and his actions were very compliant. I have two enemies: Chen Youliang lives in the west, and Zhang Shicheng lives in the east. , Xin, across Jing and Xiang, in the second half of a few days; while Shicheng only has the border land, but it can't reach Kuaiji in the south and Huaiyang in the north. The first rat is lurking, and the Yin wants to carry the yuan.

The Yang is attached to it, and it is impossible to do anything to protect the captive's ears. If a friend robs the king and threatens his subordinates, they will all be obedient and resentful. If they are brave and neglect death, it will not be difficult for their country to take advantage of others, but the number of wars and the people will be exhausted. If the subordinates are good, they will not be happy, and if the people are tired, they will not join. Therefore, it is easy to seize the beasts and be strong first. The plan for today is to defeat the Han first and capture the Han. Then the world will be formed. ."

Duke Guo of Wu was delighted and said: "Sir, you have a great idea, so don't hesitate to tell me." So he set up a courtesy hall to treat the foundation and others, and even treated him with courtesy.

Translation

In the same month, the State of Wu summoned Liu Ji from Qingtian (probably the name of the state or county), Ye Chen from Lishui and Song Lian from Jinhua to Jiankang (probably Nanjing) .

At first, Duke Wu (that is, Lao Zhu) went to Wuzhou to summon Song Lian. After conquering Chuzhou, Hu Dahai recommended Liu Ji and four others. Therefore, Duke Wu was moved and sent envoys to recruit them with contracts, agreements and silk gifts. At that time, Sun Yan, the general manager (I don't know this official, but the personnel director) was first ordered to recruit Liu Ji. He sent envoys twice, but Liu Ji acted aloof and refused to come out (probably the monthly salary was not negotiated). Sun Yan had no choice but to write a letter of several thousand words (a very long text for classical Chinese), telling Liu Ji that he was following his destiny by joining the Wu court! Liu Ji then went to Wu with three others. They came to see Duke Wu. Duke Wu was very happy, sat down with him, and expressed his condolences: "I wronged the four gentlemen and asked you to work for me for the sake of the world (he did not mean to gain the world, but for the stability of the world). Now you, the world, beat me." I'm going to hit you, when do you think there will be a final outcome?" Zhang Yi replied: "Well, things are always developing and changing, and there is no certainty. Only those who are willing to help virtuous people and do not kill people randomly. Unify the world." (Empty words) The public praised what he said.

Liu Ji stated eighteen issues related to current affairs, and added: "Ming Gong, you took advantage of the turmoil in the world to rise up in the grass (Lao Zhu's status was humble). You are a commoner with no background, but you can still be like this today. , Qiang! Your name is very bright, and your actions are very consistent with the name of light. This is the teacher of the king! (Speaking of Lao Zhu’s heart) We are facing two enemies now, Chen Youliang is in the west, and Zhang Shicheng is in the east. Youliang occupied Rao, Xin, Jing, and Xiang, and almost half of the world was occupied by him; while Shicheng only had a little territory near the sea, and the furthest south was only Kuaiji, and the north was only Huai and Yang. He was everywhere like a rat leader. He was hiding, secretly wanting to rebel against the Yuan Dynasty, but on the surface he was loyal to the Yuan Dynasty, so he was an enemy who was on the defensive and had no great achievements. He is not afraid of death and does not care about letting his country fall into war, but after several major battles and the people's livelihood is in decline, his subordinates are resentful and unhappy (morale is not high), and the people will no longer rely on him after suffering, so we say it is easy to conquer the Han Dynasty. When hunting, you should hunt down the strongest one first, and when catching thieves, you should capture the strongest one first, so today’s plan is to attack the Han first. The Han territory is vast, and if you capture the Han, you will basically control the world.” Duke Wu was so happy that he almost fainted. He said: "Sir, if you have any good strategies, don't be stingy. Tell me all!" So a courtesy hall was set up to entertain Liu Ji and others, and they were given generous rewards and gifts. 3. 30 Ancient Prose

There are many questions about ancient prose here.

Ancient Chinese can be used: 1. Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 1-5.

Puyang Zheng Junzhongbian, there is a rash on the thumb of his left hand, which is raised and millet. If you are suspicious, you will show it to others, and they will laugh, thinking that there is no need to worry.

After three days, they gathered together like money. The sorrow is so severe that it shows to others that the smile remains the same as before.

On the third day, the thumb became enlarged and the fingers close to the thumb felt painful, and the limbs and heart were all sick. He was afraid and consulted doctors. The doctor looked at it and said in shock: "This disease is strange. Although the disease is in the finger, it is actually a whole-body disease. If it is not cured quickly, it can also harm the body.

However, it started. It can be cured in a day; it can be cured in three days; it can be cured in ten days; now the disease is complete, and it is no longer impossible to heal in three months. It will extend to the liver and diaphragm ④, otherwise it will be an arm's length worry.

Unless it is controlled internally, its power will not stop; unless it is controlled externally, the disease will not be easy to treat. "Jun Cong. He said that if he took the decoction every day and applied good medicine, he would suffer from diarrhea in the second month and then recover in the third month.

Yu Yin is thinking about this: things in the world often occur at the smallest level, but eventually become a major disaster; at first it is thought that it is not enough to cure, but in the end it is impossible to do anything. When it is easy, cherish the strength of the day and night, and ignore it suddenly; when it is done, it is accumulated over time and tired of thinking, but only overcomes it. Many people say this.

(Fang Xiaoru's "Metaphor") Note ① Grip: four inches is one grip. ②膂(l—): spine.

③瞳(ch?u): recovery from illness. ④Hepatic diaphragm: generally refers to the internal organs of the human body.

⑤Fu: Tu. 1. The two underlined words in the following sentences are incorrectly interpreted ( ) A. Fear and seek medical advice (planning) B. Will extend to the liver and diaphragm (spread) C. The disease is not easy to treat (transform) D. Accumulate Years, tiredness and thinking, but only to overcome (eliminate) 2. The two words with the same meaning in the following sentences are ( ) A. Take the decoction every day, and use the good medicine, drink it with a spoon, drink the oil and drain it B. Do not treat it quickly, And it can hurt the body. Beishan Yugong is ninety years old. Although the disease is in the fingers, in fact, it is a disease all over the body. Although a person has hundreds of hands and a hundred fingers on the head, he will recover in a day. Ai can cure the soldiers of the three Jin Dynasties. Strong, brave and light. 3. In the following sentences, the dotted "zhi", the wrong interpretation is ( ) A. The worry is serious, and it is used to show others (referring to "thumb disease") B. Yu Yin is thinking about it ( Refers to the "causing principle") C. cherishes the power of the day and ignores it (referring to "various diseases") D. accumulates years and is tired of thinking, but only overcomes it (referring to "disaster") 4. uses modern Write the meaning of the following sentences in Chinese.

① If you are suspicious, you will show it to others, and they will laugh, thinking that there is no danger. ② At first it was thought that it was not enough to cure, but in the end it was impossible to do anything.

5. What is the purpose of this article about Zheng Jun’s treatment of thumb disease? Please answer briefly in your own words. 2. A sheep dies on a crossroads. When Yang Zi's neighbor dies a sheep, he leads his party and asks Yang Zi's Shu (请: boy servant) to chase him.

Yang Zi said: "Hey! If a sheep is lost, how can there be so many people pursuing it?" The neighbor said, "There are many different paths." When he turned back, he asked, "Did you catch the sheep?" He said, "It was lost. ”

Said: “There are divergences in the road, so I don’t know where to go.” ("Liezi Shuofu") 6. Explanation. Add the dotted word "Zhi" below.

(1) Yang Zi’s neighbor lost his sheep and said: (2) He also asked Yang Zi to chase after him: 7. Fill in the omitted elements. After that, ( ) asked: "Did you catch the sheep?" ( ) said: "It was destroyed."

8. Translation. There are also divergences among the divergent roads. I don’t know where they are, so I’m going the other way.

Translation: 9. What does this article tell us? 3. Excessive use of poles to make up the number. King Xuan of Qi sent people to play Yu, and there must be three hundred people. The Nanguo ministers asked him to play the Yu for the king, and King Xuan said so, and hundreds of people came to eat.

After King Xuan died, King Hao was established, so that he could listen to them one by one and the soldiers fled. 10. What kind of person is Nanguo Chushi? Why did he "please play the Yu for the king"? Answer: 11. The Nanguo scholar didn’t know how to play the gu, but he played the yu for King Xuan of Qi for many years. Why did this happen? Answer: 12. King Qi Min listened to the blowing pole and liked to play solos one by one. Why did the Nanguo minister run away? Answer: 13. What do you think Nan Guo will do after he escapes? Answer: 4. Read the following passage in classical Chinese and answer the questions that follow.

① The law of Lu State: Lu people serve as concubines to the princes, and those who can redeem them will take gold from the government ①. Zigong redeemed the Lu people from the princes and gave them their gold.

Confucius said: "The gift ③ is lost! The actions of the saints can change customs, and the teachings can be given to the people, not just to suit their own behavior. Now in the country of Lu, there are few rich people and many poor people. Take The gold will not be damaged, and if you don’t take the gold, you will no longer be able to redeem people. ” ② Zi Lu ④ The person who saves people worships Niu Zi Lu. Confucius is happy and said that the people of Lu will save many people. Those who drown. (Selected from "Think Tank" written by Feng Menglong) [Note] ① Government: refers to the treasury.

②Zigong: Confucius’s student. ③Given: Zigong’s name.

④ Zilu: Confucius’s student. 14. What did Zigong do in the article? What was Confucius' attitude towards his approach? What was the reason for Confucius's attitude? Please answer in your own words.

Answer: 15. There is no punctuation mark in paragraph 2 of the article. Please use a "|" line to mark the location where punctuation marks are required. The people of Zilu worshiped Zilu as the one who saved lives. Confucius was delighted and said that there must be many people in Lu who saved lives.

5. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Guan Zhong and Xi Peng ① followed Duke Huan to cut down Guzhu ②. Spring turned to winter, and they were confused and lost their way.

Guan Zhong said: "The wisdom of the old horse can be used." He let the old horse go and followed him, and he achieved the Tao.

There was no water in the mountains. Xi Peng said: "Ants live in the sun of the mountain in winter and in the shade of the mountain in summer. There is water within an inch of ant soil." So he dug it and found water.

With Guan Zhong’s sage and Xi Peng’s wisdom, it is not difficult to learn from old horses and old ants until they don’t understand it. Today’s people don’t know how to learn the wisdom of saints with their foolish minds. Isn’t it too much? Notes: ① Guan Zhong and Xi (xǐ) Peng: They were both ministers who assisted Duke Huan of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. ② Guzhu: a small country in the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

③It’s not difficult: no hesitation, no shame. 16. The word "Nai" in "Nai Di Zhi" has the same meaning as the word "Nai" in which sentence below? ( ) A. I don’t know that there was a Han Dynasty, regardless of the Wei and Jin Dynasties.

B. Kill the ministers. Song Dynasty can't defend it, but it can be attacked. C. The person who should be established is the young master Fusu.

D. When Wang Shibei set the Central Plains Day, he never forgot to tell Nai Weng about family sacrifices. 17. Which of the following sentences is incorrectly translated ( ) A. The wisdom of an old horse can be used.

Lao Ma’s wisdom can be used. B. Ants live in the sun of mountains in winter and in the shade of mountains in summer.

Ants live on the north side of the mountain in winter and on the south side of the mountain in summer. C. Every inch of ant soil contains water.

The ant soil is one inch high, and there is water one foot below. D. With the sage of Guan Zhong and the wisdom of Xi Peng, it is not difficult to learn from an old horse or an old ant to the extent that he does not know.

With Guan Zhong’s sage and Xi Peng’s wisdom, when they don’t know something, they are not ashamed to grow old. 4. 10 classical Chinese essays, with translations and explanations

Original text of Li Mi's Chen Qing Biao: Mi Mi's words: I was provoked by danger, and suffered a misfortune from Min. She gave birth to a child in six months, and her loving father saw his betrayal. When he was four years old, his uncle took away his mother's ambition.

Grandmother Liu Minchen was lonely and frail, so she raised her personally. I have a lot of diseases, I can't do it at the age of nine, and I am alone. As for the establishment.

There are no uncles, but only brothers. The family is weak, and there will be no children in the future. There are no close relatives outside, and no five-foot-tall child inside who answers the door. He stands alone, with shadows hanging from each other.

Liu Suying was sick and often had to give birth in bed. His ministers served him with decoctions and medicines, but he never gave up. Catch the holy pilgrimage and bathe in Qinghua.

The former prefect, Chen Kui, inspected officials for their filial piety and integrity; the later governor, Chen Rong, promoted officials and scholars. The minister said that he had no master to support him, but he refused to die.

The imperial edict is hereby issued, to pay homage to the ministers and doctors, to seek the favor of the country, and to remove the ministers and wash their horses. I am humble enough to serve in the East Palace. I cannot report the death of my minister.

Official ministers use their appearance to hear news, but they do not take office after resigning. The edicts are strict and severe, and they blame the ministers for their arrogance; the counties and counties are forcing them to go to the road;

If the minister wants to follow the imperial edict and run a gallop, Liu's illness will become worse. If he wants to obey his personal feelings, he will be told not to do so. The minister's advance and retreat are really in embarrassment.

Fuwei Sheng Dynasty ruled the world with filial piety. All the old people were still raised with care, especially the lonely ministers. Moreover, I have been a minor official in the fake dynasty, and I have been in the Lang's Department. I am a high-ranking official, and I don't care about my reputation.

I am a humble prisoner in the ruins of my country. I am a humble and humble person. But the sun is thinning in the west, the breath is dying, the life is in danger, and the day is not worried about the day.

If I didn’t have my grandmother, I wouldn’t be here today; without my grandmother, I wouldn’t be able to live out my remaining years. Mother and grandson are more dependent on each other, so they cannot be separated from each other.

Chen Mi is 40 years old this year, and grandma Liu is 90 years old this year. The days for me to pay tribute to His Majesty are long, but the days to repay Liu are short. It's a private love affair with a black bird, and I'm willing to beg for support.

The hard work of the ministers is not only seen by the people of Shu and the shepherds of the two states, but also the emperor, the emperor and the queen of the land, have learned from it. May your Majesty be cautious and sincere, and listen to your ministers' wishes.

Concubine Liu was lucky enough to survive for more than a year. When you are alive, you should be dead, and when you are dead, you should be weeded.

I cannot bear the fear of dogs and horses, so I would like to pay my respects and listen to it. Translation: Your Majesty Li Mi stated: Due to my bad luck, I encountered misfortune when I was young. My loving father passed away just six months after I was born.

Four years later, my uncle forced my mother to remarry. My grandmother Liu took pity on me for losing my father and being sick and emaciated since I was a child, so she raised me personally.

Chen Zi was often sick when he was young and could not walk when he was nine years old. I was lonely and helpless until I got married and started a career.

He had neither uncles nor older brothers. His family was in decline and he had few blessings. He did not have a son until very late. There are no close relatives outside, and there are no servants to take care of the house at home.

Living alone, only my body and shadow comfort each other every day. Mrs. Liu had been ill for a long time and was bedridden all year round. I served her with food and medicine and never left her.

When the Jin Dynasty was established, I received the political enlightenment of Qingming. Some time ago, the prefect Kui recommended his ministers as Xiaolian, and later the governor Shi Rong recommended his ministers as scholars.

Because there was no one to take care of my grandmother, all the ministers declined and did not obey the order. The imperial court also issued a special edict, appointing me as a doctor. Soon after, I was favored by the state and appointed me as a Xima.

A person like me, who comes from a humble background and has a humble status, can serve the prince. This is really not something I can sacrifice my life to repay the court. I reported the above difficulties on the table and declined to take office.

However, the edict was urgent and severe, accusing me of evading orders and being deliberately negligent. The county magistrates urged me to get on the road immediately; the state officials came to my door to supervise me. It was extremely urgent and there was no need to delay.

I really want to obey the emperor's will and serve the country immediately, but my grandmother Liu's illness is getting worse day by day. I want to temporarily obey my personal feelings, but I have not received permission to report and appeal. I was in a dilemma and was in a very embarrassing situation.

I think the Holy Dynasty governed the world with filial piety. All the old people were treated with pity and care, not to mention that my loneliness was even more serious. Moreover, when I was young, I served as an official in the Shu Han Dynasty. I served successively as a doctor and a minister. I originally wanted to have a successful official career and had no intention of showing off my reputation and integrity. Now I am a lowly prisoner of a subjugated country. I am so humble that I am not worth mentioning. I have been promoted by thanksgiving and my life is very generous. How can I dare to hesitate and have other plans? But just because my grandmother Liu was like the setting sun on the Western Mountain, her breath was weak, her life was in danger, and her life was precarious.

My lord, if I didn’t have my grandmother, I wouldn’t be alive today; if my grandmother didn’t have my care, she wouldn’t be able to spend the rest of her life. We, grandfather and grandson, rely on each other and support each other. It is precisely because of this that I really can't bear to leave my grandmother and travel far away.

Your Majesty, I am forty-four years old this year, and my grandmother is ninety-six years old this year. Your Majesty, I still have a long time to be loyal and loyal in front of Your Majesty, but the days of being filial and dedicated in front of my grandmother Liu are over. Not much more. With the personal feeling of a crow repaying my mother's debt, I prayed that I could be allowed to fulfill my wish to provide for my grandmother until she died.

My bitter sufferings were not only witnessed and understood by the people of Shu and the governors of Yizhou and Liangzhou, but also by the gods of heaven and earth. I hope that your majesty can have mercy on my ignorant and sincere heart and grant my little wish so that my grandmother Liu can survive the rest of her life.

I will sacrifice my life while I am alive, and I will tie a grass ring in my death to repay Your Majesty's kindness. My Majesty, I respectfully present this form with the fear of an ox or a horse in order to be heard.