Which document does "Inner Sage and Outer King" first come from in Super Star MOOC "The Analects of Confucius"

"Inner Sage and Outer King" first appeared in "Zhuangzi Tianxia Chapter". "Zhuangzi" Volume 10lt; Tianxia Chapter gt; says: "The sage is born, the king is accomplished, and they all originate from one (Tao)." This is the "Tao of the inner sage and the outer king." According to the "Tianxia Chapter", "Inner Saint and External King" is what the rulers of the world pursue. "Inner Saint" is the author's personality ideal, which is expressed as: "It is not separated from the sect, it is called heaven and man, and it is not separated from the spirit." , we call him a god; if he is not separated from the truth, he is called a perfect man.

With heaven as the sect, virtue as the basis, Tao as the door, signs of change, he is called a saint, benevolence as grace, and kindness as grace. "Righteousness is the principle, etiquette is the behavior, happiness is the harmony, and kindness is cultivated, and it is called a gentleman"; "Outer King" is the author's political ideal, which is expressed as: "divided by law, represented by names, and expressed by names." Participation is used as a test, and inspection is used as a decision. The numbers are one, two, three, and four, and all the officials are related to each other; taking things as a routine, food and clothing are the main ones, crops and livestock are kept, and the old, weak, orphans and widows are all concerned. , the principles of the people." From this we can see that the author’s philosophy of “inner sage and outer king” of “Tian Xia Pian” is the product of the combination of Confucianism, Daoism and Legalism.

In layman's terms, "inner sage" means cultivating one's moral character and requires people to be a virtuous person; "outer king" means ordering the family, governing the country, and bringing peace to the world. The unity of "inner sage and outer king" is the highest realm pursued by Confucian scholars.

Although the term "Inner Sage and External King" does not come directly from Confucianism and Confucius, the "Path of Inner Sage and External King" expounded by the author of "Tianxia Pian" has similarities with Confucius' Confucianism. This provides a theoretical basis for Confucianism to adopt this term.