The origin of the surname "Cha"

1. Origin of the surname

There are four origins of the surname Zhā:

1. From the Jiang family, a descendant of Emperor Yan, originating in the Spring and Autumn Period The Dukes of Qi State named their surnames after their towns. The son of Qi Qinggong, the monarch of Qi State, was granted a title in Huan. His descendants took his title as their surname and became the surname Huan. Later, they omitted the word "木" and became the surname Cha.

2. It comes from the surname Mi and is named after the town. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a noble official from the Chu State was granted a title in the city of Cha, and his descendants took Cha as their surname.

3. It comes from the name of the fiefdom. During the Spring and Autumn Period, some princes from the Chu State were enfeoffed in Qi (now west of Nanzhang, Hubei Province). Since the name of his fief is also written as Cha, he is also considered to be the lord of Cha. Later, his descendants also took the name of the feudal town as their surname, Zha.

4. Some ethnic minorities from ancient and modern times also have the surname Cha. For example, among the Manchus in the Qing Dynasty, some people living in Shenyang took Cha as their surname. In addition, among the Eight Banners of Manchuria, people who originally had the surname Shala later changed their surname to Cha. As for other ethnic groups, such as the contemporary Yi, Dai, Tujia, Hani, Mongolian, etc., some people also have Cha as their surname.

The ancestor of the surname: Qi Qinggong. The Zha family name comes from the surname Jiang, which originated in the Shandong area. It is a surname with Yi as its surname. Check, it was originally a place name. According to the records of "Xingyuan", during the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Qinggong's son grew up in Huanyi. His descendants took Yi as their surname and were called the Zha family. Because in ancient times, Zha and Zha were related, so they were later shortened to Zha family. According to records in the Genealogy of Ten Thousand Surnames, the famous Zha family originated from Qijun, which is today's Linzi area of ??Shandong Province. During the Five Dynasties, Zha Wenhui lived in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Wenhui's grandson Zha Daoru moved the family to Hailing. , which is today's Taixian County, Jiangsu Province, and flourished into the famous families at that time. The famous family lived in Hailing County, which is now Tai County, Jiangsu Province. The descendants of the Zha family regard Qi Qinggong as the ancestor of the surname Zha.

2. Migration Distribution

(None) The surname Cha is not among the top 100 surnames in both mainland China and Taiwan. The surname Cha originated from a place in ancient times whose pronunciation was like Cha. The surname formed from this place name became the surname Cha. It turns out that during the Spring and Autumn Period, a son of Qi Qinggong, the monarch of Qi State, enjoyed the products there. The descendants of this son took the fiefdom as their surname, forming the surname Cha. The Baiqi Kingdom was established by Jiang Taigong, the founding hero of the Zhou Dynasty. Jiang Taigong was a descendant of Emperor Yan, so the distant ancestor with the surname Cha was very honored. The ancestors of the Zha family were the most prosperous in the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to the book "The County Looks at Hundreds of Family Surnames", the Zha family looked out of Qi County. In the long process of reproduction, the Cha surname formed many counties, mainly including Hailing County, Qi County, Jiyang County, etc. The Zha surname has reproduced and migrated several times in history, and is distributed almost all over the country, such as Qingyuan in Liaoning, Taiyuan in Shanxi, Hancheng in Shaanxi, Jingxian in Hunan, Anhui, Jinxi in Jiangxi, Qingliu in Fujian, Chenghai in Guangdong, Congjiang in Guizhou and Hejiang in Sichuan have populations with the Cha surname. The surname Cha is the 171st surname in China today. It is a relatively rare surname, but it is widely distributed. It accounts for about 0.06% of the Han population in the country, especially in Anhui and Jiangsu. The Cha surname in these two provinces accounts for about 85% of the Han population in the country.

3. Historical celebrities

Zha Sheng: a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, courtesy name Zhongwei (1650-1707), a native of Haoshengshan, Haining, Zhejiang Province. A Jinshi of Kangxi who once served in the imperial court. He is the author of "Danyantang Collection" and so on.

Zha Wenhui: A native of Xiuning in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Li Yu, the master of the Empress, serves as the deputy envoy to the Privy Council. He made great achievements when he conquered King Yanzheng of Pingjianzhou, so he was promoted to the title of Liuhou of Jianzhou. At that time, Wu Yue's army occupied Fuzhou, and Wen Hui led his army to conquer Fuzhou. After entering the city, he pacified the people, but unfortunately he was caught in an ambush and captured. Later he was sent back and became Minister of the Ministry of Industry. Wen Hui's three generations were all officials. His son Yuan Fang was the observation judge of Jianzhou, and his grandson Zha Dao was the minister of Longtuge of Song Zhenzong.

Zha Yihuang: A celebrity of the Zha family at the turn of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The story about Zha Yihuang is recorded in "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" and "Gu Sheng Xue Lian", which is roughly about his magical friendship with General Wu Liuqi. In "The Deer and the Cauldron", Jin Yong developed it into a vivid and interesting plot. Pu Liuxian said that Mr. Yihuang "gives generously without asking about his name. He is a true chivalrous and fierce ancient husband!" "Gu Sheng" said that he is "talented and charming, and charming. It is often said that his eyes are full of leisure and cannot be rewarded; at home and abroad Wonderful heroes can't be found unless they are found in the dust." From these descriptions, we can imagine Zha Yihuang's style.

Zha Shibiao: a famous calligrapher and painter in the Qing Dynasty. A native of Xiuning, Anhui Province, he has lived in Yangzhou for a long time and is good at painting landscapes. Together with Sun Yi, Wang Yunduan, Seng Hongren and other calligraphers and painters, he is known as the "Four Haiyang Masters". His calligraphy is superb and captivating. "Yizhou Shuangji" ranks his running script among the best.

Zha Shenxing: Qing Dynasty poet, named Silian (1650-1727), courtesy name Xia Chong, from Haining, Zhejiang. The poets of the Song Dynasty often expressed their feelings about travel and made good use of line drawing techniques. There is "Jingye Tang Ji".

Zhaguang Buddha: Named Neng, also named Jingsheng, from Hubei Province. In the 33rd year of Emperor Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty, he was admitted to Wuchang Ordinary School of Literature. Join the China Alliance. Before graduation, he cut off his long braids and joined the 41st standard as a soldier. Later, he took a long leave and left the military camp, living in Qichun Society in Sheshan. In the first year of Xuantong, a rice-robbing storm occurred in Changsha, and the Hubei army entered Hubei to suppress it.

Zha Guangfo then planned with Liu Fuji and others to take the opportunity to stage an uprising, but the matter was exposed and failed. On the second day of the Wuchang Uprising in the third year of Xuantong's reign, he was appointed secretary of the governor's office. During the Yangxia War, he served in the Hanyang General Headquarters. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the Nanjing Provisional Government appointed him as an inspection committee member and the president of the Diplomatic Association of the Hubei branch of the Tongmenghui. In February of the same year, he was appointed as the deputy minister of education of Hubei Province and resigned in May. After the failure of the second uprising in the second year of the Republic of China, he joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party and served as the Secretary-General of the Commander-in-Chief of Hubei Yuan Army and the Special Commissioner in Hankou. In the ninth year of the Republic of China, he served as the confidential secretary to the president of the French military government. In the 11th year of the Republic of China, he served as secretary of the Guangzhou base camp. In the 15th year of the Republic of China, he was appointed as Jianghan Xuanfu envoy to consult. In the 18th year of the Republic of China, he served as the chief editor of "Central Daily News". In the 19th year of the Republic of China, he served as the director of the Propaganda Department of the Hankou City Party Headquarters of the Chinese Kuomintang. In the 20th year of the Republic of China, he served as editor and secretary of the Central Party History Compilation Committee. He fell ill in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province on February 26, the 21st year of the Republic of China. Aged 47. The surviving works include "Wuhan Yangqiu".

Zha Yiping: also known as Zhenhu, named west of the port. A native of Xiushui, Jiangxi Province. Joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party in his early years. Graduated from Yantai Naval School, Guangdong Naval School, and Guangdong Aviation School. He once served as the chief secretary of Eurasia Airlines, director of the materials department of the Yunnan-Guizhou Railway Supervision Office, and deputy manager of Central Airlines. In November 1949, he participated in organizing the uprising of the Central Committee and China Airlines in Hong Kong. Later, he served as director of the Civil Aviation Business Division of China and consultant to the Civil Aviation Administration of China. He is also a versatile person. He once engaged in piano learning activities in Changsha, Suzhou, Shanghai and other places, and organized the Jinyu Qin Society. He once served as vice chairman of the Chinese Musicians Association and president of the Beijing Guqin Research Association. He was a representative of the first, second, third and fourth National People's Congress. He died in August 1976 at the age of 81. He compiled "Collection of Cunjian Guqin Music Scores" and other works.

4. Junwangtang No.

1. Junwang

Qijun: In the early Western Han Dynasty, Linzi County was changed to Qijun, in today’s Shandong Province Linzi County area.

Hailing County: It was called Haiyang in the Zhou Dynasty and Hailing in the early Han Dynasty. In the sixth year of Yuanshou (117 BC), Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, Hailing County was established. In the seventh year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (411), it was promoted to Hailing County. In the first year of Emperor Wen's reign in the Sui Dynasty, the counties were abolished and renamed counties. In the third year of Wude (620), Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, it was called Wuling County and Wuzhou was established as a county. Yangwu established a hospital. In the sixth year of Shengyuan of the Southern Tang Dynasty (937), Hailing County was promoted to Taizhou, and the name of Taizhou came from this.

Jiyang County: Han Jiyang County is located in the northeast of Lankao, Henan Province. The Western Jin Dynasty once established Jiyang County here, but it was abandoned after it was moved south. Jiyang County was merged into Yuanju County in the early Tang Dynasty.

2. Hall number

Qingrong Hall: In the Song Dynasty, there was a man named Cha Shen who lived in seclusion to study. The local governor recommended him to the court and asked him to become an official, but he refused. The county governor was afraid of wasting his talent, so he built a house for him in the west of the county town and named it "Qingrong Hall", where he taught students in the county to read, and he was named "Mr. Qingrong" .

Hailing Hall: According to the "Genealogy of Ten Thousand Surnames": "Looking out of Qi County, in the Five Dynasties, there was Zha Wenhui in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Wenhui's Sun Daoru was the disciple of Hailing. The Zha family is a prominent family to this day. 》Zha family originated in Shandong area. In the Spring and Autumn Period, a senior official of the Chu State granted Cha a city, and his descendants were called Cha. After the Five Dynasties of the Southern Tang Dynasty 1,000 years ago, in the area of ??today's Tai County, Jiangsu Province, they multiplied into the famous families of the time.

In addition, the main hall names with the surname Cha include: "Qijun Hall", "Jiyang Hall", etc.

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Universal couplets for Cha surnamed ancestral halls

〖Four-character universal couplets for Cha surnamed ancestral halls〗

Hailing clan read.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall of the surname Zha written by an anonymous person

The whole couplet refers to the origin and county hope of the surname Zha (see the above headings "1. Origin of the surname" and "4. County "Wangtanghao" introduction).

Dedicated to the Chengjiang family;

Looking out to Hailing.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall of the surname Zha written by an anonymous person

This joint code refers to the surname Zha looking out of Qi County, and the state of Qi was granted the title of Jiang Ziya. Xialiandian refers to the person named Cha who had Cha Wenhui in the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties. His grandson Cha Dao moved to Hailing County and became a prominent local family.

It has been in the business for two generations;

It ranks among the four.

——Li Wenzheng wrote the general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Zha

The first couplet indicates that Zha Jizuo, a native of Haining, Zhejiang during the Qing Dynasty, had the courtesy name Yihuang and Jingxiu, and his nickname Yu Zhai is known as Mr. Dongshan and Mr. Pu Yuan. He was elected in the late Ming Dynasty and served as the head of the Ministry of War in the government of King Lu of the Southern Ming Dynasty. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, he lived in seclusion, stopped serving as an official, and began to compile the "History of the Ming Dynasty". He is the author of "Cuiweilu", "Lu Chunqiu", "Dongshan Guoyu", etc. He is also good at calligraphy and painting and has a certain reputation. Xia Lian Dian refers to the painter Zha Shibiao in the early Qing Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Erzhan and whose name was Meihe Sanren. He was from Xiuning, Anhui Province. He later lived in Yangzhou and was born in the late Ming Dynasty. There are ancient bronzes and calligraphy and paintings from the Song and Yuan Dynasties in the house, so I am good at identifying them. He is good at painting landscapes with sparse brushwork and desolate artistic conception. Together with Sun Yi, Wang Zhirui and Seng Hongren, he is known as one of the "Four Haiyang Masters". Mi Fu studied calligraphy and was also good at poetry. He was the author of "The Posthumous Manuscripts of Zhongshutang".

Passed through Jingchu;

Jianzhou was established in full force.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Zha written by an anonymous person

The upper couplet refers to the Chaxu Guoshidian of the Song Dynasty. Xialiandian refers to the Chawenhuishidian of the Later Zhou Dynasty.

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〖Cha surname ancestral hall five-character universal couplet〗

Huatang comes to Ziyan ;

The trees lean against the blue clouds.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Zha written by Zha Shibiao of the Qing Dynasty

The first couplet is a couplet written by Zha Shibiao, a calligrapher and painter of the Qing Dynasty. Zha Shibiao (1615-1698) was born in Xiuning, Anhui. He lived in Yangzhou and was good at painting landscapes. Together with Sun Yi, Wang Yunduan, Seng Hongren and others, he was known as one of the "Four Haiyang Masters". His calligraphy is superb and fascinating, and "Yizhou Shuangji" lists his running script among the best.

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〖Cha Xing Ancestral Hall Six Character Universal Couplet〗

Learn the Jing Acupoint Meridian Purpose;

Ranked among the Four Sages.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Zha written by an anonymous person

The Shangliandian refers to the Shidian of the Song Dynasty scholars and medical scientists. Xia Lian Dian refers to the Song Dynasty sages who checked Xu Guoshi Dian.

Invigorate Confucianism and Confucianism;

Bring prominent families to Xianke.

——The general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname Zha written by an anonymous person

The upper couplet refers to the Yihuang Shidian. Xia Lian Dian refers to the Song Dynasty sages who checked Xu Guoshi Dian.

A giant clan since the Tang and Song Dynasties;

There are countless families in Jiangnan.

——Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty Aixinjueluo Xuanye wrote the general couplet of the ancestral hall with the surname

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〖The seven-character universal couplet of the ancestral hall of the surname Zha〗

The woody water source has a long history;

The dawn shines brightly and the sunset glows for a long time.

——A general couplet for the ancestral hall of the surname Cha written by an anonymous person

This couplet is an analytical couplet with the character "Cha" of the surname Cha inlaid with a crane-top pattern.

The color of the red paper captures the romantic throne;

The white rhizome poems dominate the calligraphy field.

——Common couplet for the ancestral hall with the surname Cha written by Cha Sheng of the Qing Dynasty

This couplet was inscribed by Cha Sheng, a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty. Cha Sheng, courtesy name Zhongwei, was born in Haoshengshan, Haining, Zhejiang. Kangxi Jinshi. Ren Shaozhan served as the official and author of "Danyantang Collection".

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A brief introduction to the life of the founding general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army named Zha

Zha Yu Promoted to major general

Zha Yusheng (1914-1998) was born in Lu'an County, Anhui Province. He joined the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in 1931. In the same year, he joined the Communist Youth League of China and transferred to the Communist Party of China.

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, he served as squad leader and platoon leader of the 31st Regiment of the 11th Division of the 4th Army of the Fourth Red Army, political instructor and captain of the communications team of the 93rd Division of the 31st Army. Participated in four "anti-encirclement and suppression" campaigns, the battles of Sujiapu, Baoxing, Wushan, Yuci, Tianshuipu, Sanchengpu, Jianmenguan and the 25,000-mile Long March.

During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as company commander of the 772nd Regiment of the 386th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, battalion commander of the supplementary regiment, deputy commander of the 772nd Regiment, commander of the 16th Regiment, and deputy brigade commander of the 386th Brigade. In 1940, he entered Yan'an Military and Political College to study. Participated in the battles of crushing the enemy's Sixth and Nineth Route sieges and the Xiangchenggu, Tonggou, Baijin Line, and Hundred Regiment Battles in southern Hebei.

During the War of Liberation, he served as deputy brigade commander of the Independent Brigade of Taiyue Military Region, commander of the 22nd Brigade of the 8th Column of the Shanxi-Hebei-Luyu Field Army, commander of the 22nd Brigade of the 4th Column of the Central Plains Field Army, and 41st Division of the 14th Army of the Second Field Army. Teacher and other positions. Participated in major battles in southern Shanxi, Pinghan, Wandong, Huaihai, Dujiang, Guangdong and Guangxi, and the liberation of Southwest China.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy commander of the 14th Army and deputy commander of the 60th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. In 1951, he participated in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea and served as deputy commander of the 60th Army of the Chinese People's Volunteers. Commander, participated in five battles. After returning to China, he served as deputy commander and commander of the 14th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He graduated from the Battle Department of the Military Academy in 1957 and was reinstated as commander of the 14th Army and deputy commander of the Kunming Military Region. He made important contributions to the defense of the frontier, the construction of the frontier and the revolutionization, modernization and regularization of the army. He is a representative of the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a representative of the Fourth and Fifth National People's Congress, and a member of the Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

He was awarded the rank of major general in 1955. Won the August 1st Medal of Level 3, the Medal of Independence and Freedom of Level 2, and the Medal of Liberation of Level 1. Won the Second Class Medal of Freedom and Independence of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. In July 1988, he was awarded the first-class Red Star Meritorious Medal of Honor by the Central Military Commission of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

He died in Kunming due to illness on October 23, 1998 at the age of 84.

Major General Zha Guozhen

Zha Guozhen (1905-1980) was a native of Qichun County, Hubei Province. After graduating from Yingshan Teachers Training Institute, he returned to the county and served as a teacher at Chengnan Complete Primary School. He joined the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in May 1930 and joined the Communist Party of China in July of the same year.

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, he served as secretary of the Political Department of the First Red Army. In 1931, he served as secretary of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Pengyang Military and Political School. In 1932, he served as secretary of the headquarters of the 25th Red Army. Participated in the struggle against "encirclement and suppression" in the Hubei-Henan-Anhui revolutionary base areas. After the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army was transferred to the Western Expedition, he stayed in place to serve as the staff officer of the re-established Red 25th Army Headquarters. Participated in many anti-"encirclement and suppression" operations in the late stages of maintaining the Hubei-Henan-Anhui revolutionary base area. In 1934, he served as the Chief of Staff of the 75th Division Headquarters. In November of the same year, he accompanied the army on the Long March and served as the Chief of the Operations Section of the 25th Red Army Headquarters. Participated in the battle to establish the Hubei-Henan-Shaanxi revolutionary base area and defeat the Kuomintang army's obstruction. After arriving in northern Shaanxi in the autumn of 1935, he served as the chief of the reconnaissance section of the 15th Red Army Corps Headquarters. In 1936, he served as director of the supply department of the 15th Red Army Corps. Participated in the Eastern Expedition and the Western Expedition.

During the long period of the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the Minister of Supply of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, participated in the establishment and development of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Anti-Japanese Base Area and persisted in the anti-Japanese guerrilla war behind enemy lines in North China. In 1945, he attended the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

During the War of Liberation, he served as director of the Logistics Department of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, director of the Political Department of the Military Region Logistics Department, deputy political commissar of the Military Region Logistics Command, political commissar of the Supply Department of the North China Military Region, and political commissar of the Munitions Department of the North China Military Region, and participated in Leading the logistics support work in the North China Liberation War.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as director of the Production Cooperative of the North China Military Region, director of the Logistics Department of the Public Security Forces of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, director of the Administrative and Economic Management Department of the General Staff Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and director of the Chinese People's Armed Forces. Deputy Commander of the Police Force and Director of the Logistics Department, Advisor to the Second Artillery Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, etc. He is a member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a representative of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

He was awarded the rank of major general in 1955. Won the second-level August 1st Medal, the first-level Medal of Independence and Freedom, and the first-level Medal of Liberation. He died in Beijing due to illness on July 29, 1980, at the age of 75.