20 19 Yunnan Honghe special post teacher recruitment examination pedagogy what are the types of western modern academic system?

In the development of modern western education system, there are three typical education systems, namely, dual-track system, single-track system and sub-discipline system. This part of the content is also a test center that often appears in the examination process, so this article will introduce these academic systems next.

First, the dual-track system. The education system in Europe, such as France and the Federal Republic of Germany, is represented by the British dual-track system. This educational system is the result of the development of ancient hierarchical privilege in the educational system. A track is occupied by children of non-public privileged classes, and schools are mostly developed from ancient schools. Excellent in all aspects, academically, students' learning can be upgraded to Tianxue, which is an academic track. Another way is to build a new school for the children of working people. After a certain basic education, students will enter vocational and technical schools to learn labor and production skills, which is a productive track. The two rails are not connected with each other and are not connected with each other. This academic system is obviously not conducive to the popularization of education. In the development of modern society, with the weakening of the privileged class, a higher academic track has been gradually opened to the children of working people, but the children of ordinary workers are still not enrolled, because the tuition fees of such schools are expensive and the children of non-working people can afford it. Only a few students attend school for free or receive financial aid. However, the academic level of this academic system is relatively high, such as Oxford and Cambridge University, which have trained many outstanding talents.

Second, the single-track system. Single track system means that the whole educational system of a country is composed of a single educational system divided into different stages. Its different stages are primary education, secondary education and higher education. Teenagers' schooling at all stages is mainly based on their age, that is, students of different ages go to the corresponding education stage, that is, all students study in the same academic system. This single-track school system plays an extremely important role in ensuring equal educational opportunities to the greatest extent. The United States is the most typical representative among the countries that implement the monorail school system, so this school system is generally called "American-style" school system. Compared with the dual-track system, this educational system is a historic progress, which is conducive to popularizing education and improving the quality of the people. However, because all people receive the same education, which is not conducive to the development of students' personality, their educational characteristics are uneven, the teaching quality of schools at the same level is very different, and the level of many schools is not high. Later, countries adopted this educational system, which was generally adjusted in the high school stage.

Third, the division system was formed in the Soviet Union in the first half of the 20th century. It absorbs some positive factors in the dual-track system in western Europe, such as setting up vocational and technical schools separately, and takes into account the characteristics of the single-track system. There is not only the mutual connection between higher and lower schools, but also the horizontal connection between vocational and technical schools, forming a three-dimensional educational system with the characteristics of "connecting (colleges and universities) to (primary schools) and unblocked (secondary professional schools and secondary vocational schools)". This academic system is not only conducive to the popularization of education, but also keeps the academic level at a high level. However, due to many class hours and complicated courses, the teaching plan, syllabus and teaching materials at that time should be unified, which led to the lack of flexibility in teaching.