The geographical environment of neixiang county

Neixiang mountain area 1662.9 square kilometers, accounting for 72.2% of the county's total land area. The mountains in the north are northwest-southeast, and the shallow mountains in the south-central part extend north and south. Banchang, Shimonoseki, Qiliping and Mashankou are four towns with majestic mountains, with peaks above 1000 meters above sea level and relative height difference of about 300-500 meters. They are the main forest areas in Neixiang, with an area of 349.5438+0 square kilometers, accounting for 265,438+0% of the county's mountainous area.

The southern, western and central parts of the county are hilly areas with low mountains, covering an area of 488.7 square kilometers, accounting for 2 1.3% of the total land area. The hilly areas in the west and south include Xijiao Township, Da Qiao Township in the southwest, Shigang, Zhaqu and Ximiaogang, while the hilly areas in the middle include Chimei in the east, Mashankou Town in the south, Guanyu Township in the middle and Zhaodian Township in the west. Hilly areas are characterized by ridges and hills, with large ground undulations, high and steep hills and vertical and horizontal valleys. Most of the county's plains are small basins and river plains, and river plains and basins are interlaced, with an area of 15 1.4 square kilometers (excluding water), accounting for 6.5% of the county's total land area. Compared with great basin, there are three basins in China, namely, the county seat basin, Xiaguan-Qiliping basin and Mashankou basin. The larger Turbulent River Plain starts from Xiaguan Town in the north and spreads in a strip along the river, passing through Xiaguan, Qiliping, Chimei, Zhao Dian, Suburb, Da Qiao and other towns and villages. Mohe Plain starts from Mashankou Town in the north, passes through Wangdian Town and Zhang Guan Town, and is connected with the Turbulent River Plain in Da Qiao Township. It is the second largest river plain in China. In addition, there are Huang Shuihe Plain and Great Wall River Plain.

There are 20 main mountain passes in China, most of which are located in towns and villages such as Banchang, Xiaguan, Qiliping and Mashankou. The main mountain passes are Lingshanya, Mashanya, Quanshuya, Fuziya, Baimiaoya and Zhushuya.

The famous caves in the territory are Tianxin Cave, Diqing Cave, Huanglong Cave and Tianxin Cave. Neixiang is rich in surface water with an annual runoff of more than 800 million cubic meters. Runoff distribution is consistent with precipitation distribution, decreasing from north to south. There are more than 40 rivers in the Yangtze River, which belongs to the Hanshui River Basin. Among them, the larger rivers are Turbulent River, Mohe River, Diaohe River, Huangshui River and Luosi River.