What kind of computer industry has a future?

The popularity of computer major is not only because the employment situation is better, but also because many people think that they can become programmers after studying computer major. Although the programmer said that overtime was serious, the salary seemed very high.

In fact, there is some misunderstanding between them. First of all, studying computer-related majors may not be a legendary "process", and the salary of being a programmer may not be high. First of all, what are the computer majors? According to the book Catalogue and Introduction of Undergraduate Majors in Colleges and Universities compiled by the Ministry of Education, we will find that there are 9 sub-majors under the computer category, including: computer science and technology, software engineering, network engineering, information security, Internet of Things engineering, digital media technology, intelligence science and technology, spatial information and digital technology, electronics and computer engineering. In addition, in recent years, some universities have opened data science and big data technology majors and networks.

There is already a 12 major. Let's first look at the similarities or differences between these majors. Different majors are biased, and the industries or positions they focus on are slightly different. Computer science and technology is the most basic major in the whole computer category, which focuses on theory and software design research relatively. There will be a large number of mathematics courses and computer basic courses, such as mathematical analysis, discrete mathematics, modern algebra, introduction to computers, microcomputer principles and so on. The relative foundation also means that you will have a broader direction of employment or postgraduate entrance examination, engaging in scientific research, pure technology and basically doing everything. First, the major of software engineering is different from the previous computer science and technology, which requires both hardware and software. Software engineering majors mainly focus on software-related work, such as the development and maintenance of software such as APP. Although the requirements for mathematics are not so high, being good at mathematics is the basic skill of an excellent software engineer. Second, the network engineering major, this major is mainly to design, develop and solve problems in network systems. In addition to traditional IT companies, many graduates of this major will also work in IT departments of non-IT companies, such as network design, optimization and maintenance of banks or financial companies. In fact, network engineering is a bit partial to the work of network management and computer room, and it is essentially a relatively low-end post, which is still somewhat different from the "process" we generally recognize.

Third, the information security major, as the name implies, is mainly responsible for ensuring the information security of online shopping and social platform users. Therefore, in addition to the basic courses related to mathematics and computer, specialized courses will also involve related courses, such as cryptography, security authentication technology, firewall principle, data backup and disaster tolerance. This is an interdisciplinary major of computer, communication and mathematics. In addition to Internet companies, communication industries such as Huawei, China Mobile, China Unicom and Power Grid are also relatively matched. Generally speaking, employment is very good, especially in many medium and large companies. The first four are basically traditional computer-related majors. In addition, with the rapid development of technology, the following majors have emerged.

Fourth, the major of Internet of Things Engineering requires a good foundation in mathematics and physics. The so-called Internet of Things is "the Internet that connects everything". For example, car rental, online shopping, QR code and fast payment are all applications of the Internet of Things, including future AI assistants and wireless cities. Internet of Things, cloud computing and big data are called the representative technologies of the third information wave. Although the major of Internet of Things Engineering basically began to enroll students after 20 10, with the development of 5G, the future demand of this major must be very large and the development space is excellent.

Five, intelligence science and technology major, this major can be understood as engaged in artificial intelligence. The future development prospect of artificial intelligence, I think I don't need to say more, everyone should be clear. In addition to courses related to mathematics and computer basics, it will also involve professional courses such as artificial intelligence, brain science, machine learning and human-computer interaction. And the academic burden is relatively heavy. At the same time, this major has just started in China, so a large number of professional courses are English textbooks, and we must keep up with the pace of the times to learn the most cutting-edge technology.

6. Data science and big data technology, as the representative technologies of the third information wave, it is estimated that many students have heard of all kinds of so-called big data now, which shows that the future demand of this major is very large and the employment prospects are very good. At the same time, this major is a cross-cutting major, so it should be noted that different schools will set up this major in information students, computer colleges, statistics colleges or economic management colleges, and different colleges will have different focuses in the specific course setting process. But they all need a good mathematical foundation and standardized and rigorous mathematical thinking. The three majors mentioned just now are all emerging majors with great potential for future development. At the same time, the comprehensive ability of each subject is also relatively high. After graduation, they will basically choose to continue their studies, especially the proportion of going abroad for further study will be higher.

In addition, the following majors are relatively unpopular computer-related majors to some extent. First of all, my major is spatial information and digital technology. After graduation, you can engage in the research, design and manufacture of information and communication systems, digital land and digital cities, and you can also engage in system management in government management departments, military, economic and scientific research departments. The employment destination is domestic IT enterprises, telecom operators and scientific research institutes, which is slightly different from the familiar Internet company programmers.

Secondly, the major of cyberspace security is somewhat similar to the previous major of information security, but the course content is further enriched, including social security, network public opinion supervision, cyberspace crime prevention, legal evidence collection and so on. Employment direction includes government safety norms and safety management, including making laws; Research and development of safety products of safety enterprises; Safety management and protection of general enterprises; Coordination of space security between countries and so on. The employment level is also a relatively different major.

There is also a major in electronic and computer engineering, which combines electronic engineering with computer science. It is mainly engaged in the software and hardware development of modern electronics, automatic control, electronic engineering and intelligent equipment, and more is actually a major in electronic engineering.

Finally, there are digital media technology and new media technology under the computer category, which are two professional directions related to digital image processing, animation principle and design, audio and video processing, news propaganda and media communication, so I won't expand them here. The above is the 12 sub-major under the computer category. Although each has its own emphasis, in general, if you want to work as a programmer in the future, these majors are basically ok.

However, judging from the current domestic curriculum level, it is suggested that you can sort the majors in the following order: Level 1: Computer Science and Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Security Level 2: Electronic Computer Engineering, Network Engineering, Data Science and Big Data Technology of Computer or Mathematics College Level 3: Internet of Things Engineering, intelligence science and technology, Data Science and Big Data Technology of School of Economics and Management Level 4: Other majors.