Buddhist history in Chiang Mai

1. Ask Thailand and Buddhism. What is the historical origin of Thailand and Buddhism? Why is there that in Thailand?

As early as the 3rd century BC, King Ashoka sent a group of monks to preach abroad. Apart from the successful missionary work in Sri Lanka, Buddhism was introduced into Thailand from Myanmar and a place called Jindi. The earliest saying is that in 24 1 BC, King Ashoka of India invited Elder Mu Yilian to lead the crowd for the third time and then sent missionaries to various countries to preach.

According to Mahayana records in Sri Lanka, Ashoka sent missionaries to spread Buddhism in different places in nine ways, and the eighth branch line included two elders, Susanna and Yuduoluo, who went to Jindi. Exactly where Di Chin is is still inconclusive, but Thai people believe that the two elders entered Thailand through Myanmar along the northern wall of Huang Xi in Thailand, which is now the center of Di Chin, that is, the current Buddhist system.

According to the textual research of Buddhist antiquities unearthed by Yitai people, it is believed that the original base of Xu Na and Yuduoluo's missionary work in Jindi may be in the present southern part of Myanmar, and then spread to the central part of Thailand, with Buddhism as the center. In the 8th century, Mahayana Buddhism in India entered southern Thailand from Sumatra.

1 155, Sri Lanka's Poloramamaha I enthusiastically supported and revitalized Sri Lanka's long-declining Buddhism and reformed Buddhist groups. This great event spread to other countries that believe in Buddhism, such as Bagan, Myanmar, and Buddhists of the Meng nationality. They went to Sri Lanka to study, were re-ordained by monks in Sri Lanka, and returned to their own countries to spread Buddhism in Sri Lanka after completing their university studies.

As for the introduction of Sri Lankan Buddhism into Thailand, it was before AD 1257. It is said that at the beginning of the 1 1 century, there was a romulo monk in Sri Lanka. He spread Buddhism from Bagan to Tainan for six years and established a Sri Lankan Buddhist group, which won the trust of the king and the people.

At that time, Liu Kun was ruled by a horse, who belonged to the Sri Lankan diehard. Since Sri Lankan Buddhism developed in Thailand, Mahayana Buddhism, which was first introduced from Cambodia and believed by most people, gradually died out.

But at first, Buddhism was divided into two schools: one was the original monk group, and the other was the upper monk group introduced from Sri Lanka, which was the same as Myanmar, monks and Cambodia at that time, and then gradually merged into one school (Sri Lankan school). In Thailand, the two groups of monks reconciled by agreement, which can be proved by the ceremony of being ordained at that time, that is, the ordained person must recite the Pali three conversions and Sanskrit three conversions once.

These materials are all adapted from The History of Southern Buddhism written by Jing Hai.

2. Who can give me some historical information about Chiang Mai? Chiang Mai (1) the government in northern Thailand. It borders Myanmar to the north. The largest administrative region in the country. The area is 20 107 square kilometers. The population is 1286000( 1986). Chiang Mai, the capital. Mountainous. Kundan Mountain is in the east and Tanan Mountain is in the west, with a peak of over 2000 meters. The main peak, Mount Intihan, is the highest mountain in China, with an altitude of 2,576 meters. In the middle is the riverside basin. Forest area 1.67 million square kilometers, accounting for 73% of the whole government land. /kloc-In the 3rd century, there was the kingdom of Lanna (or "Southern Palm") with many historical sites. Tobacco production is famous, and its output ranks first in the country. Others include teak and rice. There are textile, rice milling, cigarette and other factories. Minerals include oil, tungsten, silver and tin.

② The largest city in northern Thailand, the capital of Chiang Mai. The political, economic and cultural center of northern Thailand. Located on both banks of the river. The population is 102000( 1980). The suburbs are fertile and rich in agricultural products. From 65438 to 0296, it was the capital of Lanna Dynasty (or Nanzhang). The old city is in Hexi, and the new city is in Hedong. There are two bridges connecting them. It is famous for its handicrafts, including jewelry, silverware, pottery, wood carving, silk and so on. These industries include teak primary processing and sawing. With developed traffic, it is the terminal of the Northern Line Railway, 752 kilometers away from Bangkok. There is an airport. There are universities and colleges such as Chiang Mai University, Institute of Technology and Agricultural College. There are about 100 temples in this city, including Qingmen Temple built in 13 century. Sutieshan in the suburbs has a Buddhist temple built in16th century, which is a holy place for Buddhists from all over the world to worship. Tourism is developed.

Chiang Mai is famous for its "beautiful roses" and its handicrafts are well-known all over the country and exported to foreign countries. It is the political, economic, cultural and educational center in northern Thailand and the second largest city in Thailand. 700 kilometers away from Bangkok, located in the plateau basin at an altitude of 300 meters, surrounded by mountains, with cool climate, beautiful scenery, numerous historical sites and prosperous business, it is a famous summer resort in Southeast Asia.

Chiang Mai is the ancient capital of Thailand, a famous historical and cultural city, built in 1296. 1April, 1996 14, 4 am, Chiang Mai was completed under the leadership of the King of Bangladesh, surrounded by fertile fields and Maping. Chiang Mai became the base of Thailand's golden age and gradually grew into the largest mansion and the second largest city in Thailand today.

There is a statue of three kings in front of the government hall in Chiang Mai, which tells the story that Chiang Mai was helped by two other kings. Legend has it that King Manglai discovered during a hunting that white deer, white deer and white mouse were auspicious symbols, so he decided to build a city here. King Manglai signed a friendship treaty with King Ramkhan of Sukhothai and King Ang Meng of France. They are like brothers. In the construction of Chiang Mai City, they got great help from two kings and gathered 90,000 people to participate in the construction of the city. After completion, Chiang Mai City is surrounded by a moat of18m, which is rectangular, with a width of1800m from east to west and a length of 2000m from north to south.

The golden age of Chiang Mai was the reign of King Ti rokala (144 1 to 1487). He built Wat Chet Yot and completed Wat Chedi Luang, and held the 8th World Buddhist Congress in the same place on 1455.

Today, the total population of Chiang Mai is nearly 6.5438+0.5 million, with an area of 10, 107 square kilometers, which is equivalent to13 of Taiwan Province Province. However, most tourists only visit the ancient city of Chiang Mai and its suburbs, which is located in the west of Chiang Mai and covers an area of 360 square kilometers. Chiang Mai is located in a basin 3 10 meters above sea level, 700 kilometers away from Bangkok. All religions, cultures, economy, education and transportation in the north are centered on this. It has a very different sense of time and space from Bangkok. Bangkok is dazzling and prosperous, while Chiang Mai is simple and leisurely. It is the most unforgettable city in Thailand.

3. Are the temples in Chiang Mai far away? Thai coins are all made like this.

The following are some descriptions of Thai baht coins: (1) 10 Thai baht bimetallic mosaic coins. The front image of this coin is the profile head of King bhumibol adulyadej of Thailand (Rama IX). The negative image is the good tower, that is, Liming Temple, also known as Wangzheng Temple.

Wangzheng Temple is one of the royal temples in Thailand. In ancient times, it was called Wangzheng Temple, also known as Liming Temple.

Dun Wuli, located on the right bank of Chao Phraya River, was founded in 1842 Dacheng Dynasty and is the largest Mahayana stupa in Thailand. At that time, it was named Temple and later renamed Chang Temple. Wangzheng Temple is a temple to commemorate the 4/kloc-0 generation of Thai king and national hero Zheng Zhao. Zheng Zhao, a native of China, 1766 led the people of all ethnic groups in Thailand to drive away foreign enemies and rebuild the country.

The main tower temple now has statues and relics of King Zheng Zhaowang, and China lanterns are hung in the temple. Wangzheng Temple faces Bangkok across the Chao Phraya River, and its scale is second only to the Grand Palace and the Jade Buddha Temple. There is a giant stone statue of the patron saint at the entrance of the temple, and there are five identical pagodas in the temple, one big and four small.

The tower is a 79-meter-high Brahman minaret, which is called "Eiffel Tower" in Thailand and was built in 1809. Its base and tower are square, with many floors, and the area is gradually decreasing, which is simple and solemn.

Surrounded by four companion towers, it forms a group of huge and beautiful towers. These solid pagodas have multiple layers of Buddha statues in the recesses around them. From the ground to the spire, all kinds of broken porcelain pieces are decorated.

The base of the pagoda is painted with a huge picture, which is lifelike and finely carved. Zhengwang Temple is also called Dawn Temple for two reasons. First, when Zheng Wang led the army to swallow Wu Li, it happened to be a chicken.

Thai coins are all made like this. The following are some descriptions of Thai baht coins: (1) 10 Thai baht bimetallic mosaic coins. The front image of this coin is the profile head of King bhumibol adulyadej of Thailand (Rama IX).

The negative image is the good tower, that is, Liming Temple, also known as Wangzheng Temple. Wangzheng Temple is one of the royal temples in Thailand.

In ancient times, it was called Wangzheng Temple, also known as Liming Temple. Dun Wuli, located on the right bank of Chao Phraya River, was founded in 1842 Dacheng Dynasty and is the largest Mahayana stupa in Thailand. At that time, it was named Temple and later renamed Chang Temple.

Wangzheng Temple is a temple to commemorate the 4/kloc-0 generation of Thai king and national hero Zheng Zhao. Zheng Zhao, a native of China, 1766 led the people of all ethnic groups in Thailand to drive away foreign enemies and rebuild the country. The main tower temple now has statues and relics of King Zheng Zhaowang, and China lanterns are hung in the temple.

Wangzheng Temple faces Bangkok across the Chao Phraya River, and its scale is second only to the Grand Palace and the Jade Buddha Temple. There is a giant stone statue of the patron saint at the entrance of the temple, and there are five identical pagodas in the temple, one big and four small. The tower is a 79-meter-high Brahman minaret, which is called "Eiffel Tower" in Thailand and was built in 1809.

Its base and tower are square, with many floors, and the area is gradually decreasing, which is simple and solemn. Surrounded by four companion towers, it forms a group of huge and beautiful towers.

These solid pagodas have multiple layers of Buddha statues in the recesses around them. From the ground to the spire, all kinds of broken porcelain pieces are decorated. The base of the pagoda is painted with a huge picture, which is lifelike and finely carved.

Zhengwang Temple is also called Dawn Temple for two reasons. First, when the king of Zheng led the troops to swallow Wu immediately, it was the moment when the rooster crowed. The king of Zheng ordered him to go ashore and worship Buddha at Maka Temple. Second, because the tower is towering into the sky, every night is the first time that Wang Zheng Temple sees the dawn to welcome the arrival of the sun every day, so it is called Liming Temple. (2)5 baht, made of copper and nickel, with nonagon in the outer circle.

On the front of the coin is the head of King bhumibol adulyadej of Thailand (Rama IX of Bangkok Dynasty). The image at the back shows the marble temples in Bangkok.

Marble Temple, located on Ayudhya Road in the north of Bangkok, also known as "Marble Temple", was built by Rama V. There are Buddhist temples, sutra depository, promenades, pavilions, Buddhist colleges, etc.

Its main courtyard building is all made of marble from Italy, which is luxurious and beautiful, and it is the most western-style temple in Thai Buddhist temple architecture. There are stone lions on both sides of the gate of Daxiong Hall, and there is a Buddha of Sakyamuni about 3 meters high in the hall.

The windows of Buddhist temples imitate the architectural style of western European churches, and are assembled into Thai plaid patterns with colored glass. The Qingla Buddha statue in the main Buddha hall is a replica of the famous Peng Shiluo Buddha statue in Thailand.

Behind the main hall is a large courtyard paved with marble, spacious and quiet, surrounded by cloisters on three sides. All kinds of Buddha statues in various periods in Thailand are 5 1 statue, with vivid images, different postures and lifelike. It is a model of Thai Buddhism in the19th century, and it combines the plastic arts styles of China and Indian Buddhism.

In the Baoxia Buddhist shrine behind the Buddhist temple, there is a statue of his Wawawati Buddha in the artistic period. In addition, there are China or Japanese Buddha statues, and there are many magnificent pavilions in the temple. On the other side, there is a marble bell tower and a bodhi tree.

The white marble pillars and the golden roof of the marble temple reflect each other in the sun, which is noble and beautiful. The quiet and clean garden left a deep impression on people. (3) 1 baht, made of copper and nickel.

On the front, the coin is patterned with the profile head of King bhumibol adulyadej of Thailand (Rama IX of Bangkok Dynasty), and on the back, it is patterned with the Jade Buddha Temple in Bangkok. Jade Buddha Temple is located in the northeast corner of Bangkok Grand Palace.

It is a part of the Grand Palace, covering an area of 65438+ 0/4 of the whole Grand Palace. It is the most famous Buddhist temple in Thailand. Its full name is "Jiayuan Nasser Saranan Buddhist Temple", also known as Huguo Temple. It is the only Buddhist temple in Thailand where no monks live. Among more than 400 temples in Bangkok, the Jade Buddha Temple is the most famous. The 68-centimeter-high jade Buddha enshrined in the temple is priceless, and it ranks as the three national treasures of Thailand alongside the reclining Buddha and the golden Buddha in Bangkok.

The overall building of the Jade Buddha Temple is magnificent, with pavilions, towers and corridors, exquisite, resplendent and magnificent. It almost concentrates the characteristics of Buddhist temples in Thailand and is the largest temple in China.

Jade Buddha Temple embodies the characteristics of ancient Thai architecture and art, and is known as the artistic treasure of Thai Buddhist architecture sculpture and painting. Covering an area of 2 1 000 square meters, the Buddhist temple was founded in 1 782, and there are 22 large and small temples. The main buildings are Jade Buddha Hall, Xintiange, Bell Tower, Buddhist Sutra Hall, Buddha Bone Hall, Da Dana Tower and cloister murals.

These buildings are located on a pedestal made of white marble, and there are exquisite patterns on the walls. Surrounded by tall octagonal carvings, lifelike animals, and inlaid with colorful shells and gold ornaments.

In the Buddhist sutras hall, there are early Buddhist sutras in a carved lacquer cabinet inlaid with pearls. The decoration in the temple is extremely gorgeous, with carved beams and painted buildings, murals all over the walls, and the atmosphere in the temple is solemn.

Zheng He's voyages to the West can still be seen in the Jade Buddha Temple.

4. How long is the history of Buddhism? Buddhism, a major religion in Asia, can be traced back to ancient times: Siddhartha Guadamo (563- 483 BC) was founded in India in the 6th and 5th centuries BC, and Sakyamuni was called the Bodhisattva or Buddha by the world.

Sakyamuni was born in Nepal today. According to legend, his father is often described as a king or prince warrior, and his family life is very luxurious. When Sakyamuni was 29 years old, he suddenly had an epiphany and wanted to leave his wife and children, palace and career to seek spiritual enlightenment and truth.

He traveled around the world for six years and arrived in the ancient country of Mojeto (now India). During this period, he lived a very simple and abstinent life.

Finally, he thought that this kind of abstinence would not lead him to the truth, so he gave up the practice of self-denial. One day at the age of 35, Sakyamuni meditated under the bodhi tree in India. Finally, he claimed that he was inspired by God.

After that, the Bodhisattva began to travel throughout the Yokogawa Valley, teaching people to meditate and adhere to moral behavior as a way to achieve positive results. He also built a temple to continue his work.

5. The geographical environment of Chiang Mai Chiang Mai, Thailand is located in a valley 305 meters above sea level in the north of Bangkok and is known as the "northern rose". It is the political, economic, cultural and educational center in northern Thailand and the second largest city in Thailand, with beautiful scenery and famous handicrafts. The urban area of Chiang Mai is 40 square kilometers, with a total area of 20 square kilometers, 107 square kilometers and a population of10.5 million. The administrative division is divided into 22 districts. Many ethnic groups in the city, such as Thailand, China, Miao, Yao, Aka, Yi and Karen, live in harmony, and most residents believe in Buddhism. The antique temples in Chiang Mai are intertwined with the newly-built white buildings, which are full of northern Thai customs. The city is full of ancient historical and cultural relics, as well as many modern houses, villas and business buildings, which are full of traffic, bustling, unique scenery and extremely prosperous. Chiang Mai is also the center of art and architecture in northern Thailand, with many cultural relics and historic sites, and is the city of temples and pagodas. There are nearly 100 pagodas and temples in the city, including the famous Chiang Mai University, Mi Zhu Agricultural College and Northwest Institute of Technology. And many cultural relics, favored by domestic and foreign tourists.

6. Why does Chiang Mai have a long history and culture? Chiang Mai is an ancient cultural city with a long history. Archaeological discoveries show that humans lived and lived more than 2000 years ago.

However, it was not until 1296 that King Monlai of Lanna Dynasty was established as the capital of Thailand and became the economic, cultural and religious center of northern Thailand. Chiang Mai gradually developed into a powerful kingdom of northern Thailand in the era of King Lemmon, with many buildings, including many temples, Buddha statues and moats.

Used to defend and resist the invasion of the Burmese army. Chiang Mai was captured by the Burmese army in 1556, and it was not until 1775 that King Taksin drove the Burmese army back to the Thai-Burmese border that Chiang Mai was recaptured.

Because the Burmese army has occupied Chiang Mai for a long time, Myanmar's culture, religion, architecture, language and cooking have a great influence on Chiang Mai, such as the famous Pasin Temple and Chidilong Temple. In addition to its strategic location, Chiang Mai is also close to a branch of the ancient Silk Road in the south.

Goods from China and Myanmar will be sent to Siam Bay through this trade channel. The valley here is wide, the land is fertile and the grain yield is abundant, so the Lanna Kingdom is very prosperous in history, and Chiang Mai once became its political and economic center.

From the early period of 18 to the 9th century, a local monarch named "Chao" ruled the city in name. At that time, Chiang Mai was not under the control of Siam Dynasty in Bangkok. 1874, Chulalongkorn (Emperor Rama V) regained control of Chiang Mai. 1939, Chiang Mai officially became a part of the Kingdom of Thailand and became the administrative center of northern Thailand.

1996 Chiang Mai celebrates its 700th anniversary. In recent years, foreign tourists have been pouring in here, because Chiang Mai is the center of Thai handicrafts. Handmade umbrellas, silverware and wood carvings here are famous at home and abroad.

Culture Chiang Mai is full of rich cultural and artistic atmosphere. When you first arrive in this ancient city, you will have a strong feeling. First, take a tuk-tuk bus to the city to see the ancient city walls and temples. When night falls, you might as well go to the Mekong River to light some water lanterns and enjoy the night view.

When the ancient loi krathong in Thailand arrives, young men and women will put down a lamp and light a candle by the water, which means that love will always be sweet. More than 0/00 km north of Chiang Mai, there is a village where "long-necked people" live. Girls here have to wear bronze rings on their necks and limbs since they were five years old. With the increase of age, the number of copper rings on their bodies has been increasing. Girls who walk like flies with more than ten kilograms of copper rings on their backs are often seen in the village.

Now this nation is on the verge of extinction. I wonder how long this strange national culture can last. Chiang Mai is an important handicraft town in Thailand. You can buy Thai paper umbrellas, Tess, silverware and wood carvings in the night market. People who like Taobao love this place very much.

Interested tourists can go to Chiang Mai Handicraft Village to see how they are made. In the hand-painted paper umbrella village, you will marvel at the complexity of a small umbrella. Before you leave, let the craftsman draw your favorite pattern on your clothes, which will become a unique work of art in the world.

There are two places to go to Chiang Mai. One is the elephant school. This elephant school, built in the forest, not only gathered nearly a hundred elephants, but also the elephants studied were very smart and could communicate well with people. For example, when they perform a program, tourists will thank them for giving them food. When rewarding money, when there is an elephant trainer around, I will honestly hand it in. When there is no elephant trainer around, I will go to the stall to buy bananas to satisfy my appetite.

These elephants can play football, and the goalkeeper throws the ball at the goal. The best thing is that some elephants can draw pictures, and one of them draws pictures as well as famous painters. It is an abstract modern painting, and it is very creative to decorate.

Another place is the famous Golden Triangle, where poppies were planted. Now, although the opium poppy has disappeared and the drug trade in Mekong River has been cancelled, the opium poppy exhibition hall is still worth visiting, and the Mekong River is also worth visiting.