List the performance of the Japanese government's use of foreign culture to develop itself during the Meiji Restoration period

In the late shogunate period, Japan found that Western civilization seemed to be superior, especially China's disastrous defeat in the Opium War, which shook Japan's idea of ??China as a "Celestial Power", so to a certain extent The Western Learning Movement began in Japan, but because equality and freedom are at the core of Western civilization, this created an irreconcilable conflict with the changes in Japan's national system. In order to maintain its dominance, the ruling class began to expel foreigners. The movement temporarily interrupted Japan's exchanges with the outside world. At that time, because the Dutch were aware of Japan's situation, they took actions that appeared to be surrender and supported Japan's emperor system. As a result, the Japanese government opened their eyes to them, allowing them to continue to carry out cultural and material exchanges with Japan. Communication, during this period, the Netherlands became the only channel for Japan to communicate with the West. Therefore, the knowledge obtained from the West during this period was also called "Ranxue", which means Dutch knowledge. Of course, the so-called Orchidology was not just for the Netherlands, it should be the general name for the knowledge of developed countries in Western Europe at that time. Later, the Japanese government realized that it could not only learn from Western science and technology itself, but also combine its own characteristics to establish a political and legal system suitable for Japan. After a year and nine months of overseas inspections, , Japan finally established a unique national system that combined German nationalist doctrine with Japan's own Confucian and Shinto thoughts, laying a solid institutional foundation for Japan's further development in the future. The Meiji Restoration emerged under such a background. It can be seen that it is actually the product of Japan's domestic political and economic development to a certain stage. However, in this process, it will never be realized without the support of domestic mainstream forces. .

In terms of specific measures, Japan has put forward the three major slogans of "colonizing industry and developing industry, enriching the country and strengthening the army, and civilizing and enlightening", and has carried out comprehensive social transformation based on these as the core. Among these three slogans, civilization and enlightenment are at the core. The Japanese government realizes that only based on its own talents can it ultimately achieve development and progress. However, when its own talents are still quite scarce, it must learn from the West. . The Japanese government did not hesitate to hire foreign teachers. The salary of some foreign teachers was equivalent to two or three times the salary of Japanese cabinet ministers at the time, which shows the importance it attaches to learning and education. After decades of development, Japan finally became a powerful country in the world at that time. The successful development path also prompted changes in Japan's foreign attitude. Germany's nationalist doctrine originally had a certain degree of extroversion, and coupled with the increasing emperor-centered thinking in Japan, Japan finally embarked on a foreign policy The path of military expansion.

The nature, content and role of the Meiji Restoration:

Nature: In 1868, the Meiji Emperor’s government implemented a series of reforms of a bourgeois nature.

Content: ① In terms of politics, "abolish vassals and establish counties" to strengthen centralization;

② In terms of economy, allow land sales, introduce Western technology, and encourage the development of modern industry;

③In terms of social life, we advocate "civilization and enlightenment", that is, learn from Europe and the United States and strive to develop education.

Function: The Meiji Restoration gradually transformed Japan from a closed feudal country to a capitalist country. Getting rid of the fate of becoming a semi-colonial country was a major turning point in Japan's history. But after Japan became strong, it soon embarked on the path of militarism of foreign aggression and expansion.

Japan’s foreign policy before and after the Meiji Restoration:

① Before the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese shogunate implemented a policy of isolation from the outside world.

②During the Meiji Restoration, the country implemented an open policy to the outside world, introduced Western technology, encouraged the development of modern industry, and worked hard to develop education.

③After the Meiji Restoration, it implemented a policy of aggression and expansion.