What is the nature of state-owned enterprises?

Question 1: What are the types of units?

Enterprises (also known as companies): 1 state-owned enterprises 2 state-owned holding enterprises 3 foreign-funded enterprises 4 joint ventures 5 private enterprises (also known as private enterprises).

Institutions (including hospitals, snow Dan and other national public welfare units, basically self-financing, supported by the state)

State administrative organs (including tax bureau, civil affairs bureau, environmental protection bureau, etc.). , belonging to the state administrative organs)

* * * (This is China * * * Committee and * * *).

Enterprise economic types are divided into 9 types:

State-owned economy, collective economy, private economy, individual economy, joint venture economy, shareholding system, foreign investment, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan investment and others.

Question 2: Regarding the nature of the unit, I don't know about state-owned enterprises, institutions and * * * organs. Hehe, your concept is really simple.

Enterprises whose capital is wholly or mainly invested by the state and owned by state-owned enterprises.

Private enterprises are privately owned and private limited companies.

* * * organs are state administrative organs. Industry and commerce, urban management, people and so on. The two houses, the public security is the judicial organ. The municipal party Committee is a party group organization. The National People's Congress is the legislature. * * * office of the municipal party committee is a municipal organ.

In addition to the legislature, judicial organs, party organizations and enterprises all belong to the state administrative organs (that is, * * organs).

Institutions are social service organizations engaged in education, science and technology, culture, health and other activities organized by state organs or other organizations with the purpose of social welfare and using state-owned assets. They are service-oriented, but they are divided into three types: fully funded institutions, balance allocation institutions and self-supporting institutions. The self-supporting management mode is similar to that of companies and enterprises.

Question 3: What kind of units are state-owned enterprises? The local * * * investment holding enterprises and state-owned joint-stock companies should be strictly called "state-owned joint-stock companies" or "* * * joint-stock companies", not state-owned enterprises, but * * * only ordinary shareholders, which are regulated by the company law. There is no doubt that such enterprises and general competitive enterprises have no mandatory social goals, and economic goals are dominant. If they also provide public services, it is an act of consciously fulfilling social responsibilities and should be encouraged and supported. For such enterprises, * * * shares are only for strengthening the strength of the state-owned economy. Besides, * * * has no other additional obligations to such enterprises.

Question 4: Do state-owned enterprises belong to public institutions? Hello, Chinese public education is at your service.

howdy

State-owned enterprises: state-owned enterprises, or enterprises controlled by the state. State-owned enterprises are enterprises and are responsible for their own profits and losses. Only the top management of large state-owned enterprises has the administrative level. Others are ordinary employees. Of course, the welfare benefits are definitely better than those of ordinary enterprises.

Institutions: units supported by the state finance for the purpose of improving people's living standards, such as science, education, culture, health, etc.

State-owned enterprises and institutions are completely different things.

I hope I can help you ~

If in doubt, please consult the public education enterprises in China.

Question 5: What is the nature of private enterprises? There are different views on the concept of private enterprises in economics. One view is that private enterprises are legal person economic entities with private investment, private operation, private enjoyment of investment income and private undertaking of business risks.

Another view is that relatively state-owned enterprises can be divided into state-owned private enterprises and private private enterprises according to different forms of ownership. The property rights of state-owned private enterprises belong to the state, and the lessee shall, in accordance with the requirements of the market economy, raise funds by itself, operate independently, be responsible for its own profits and losses and bear its own risks. Private enterprises refer to individual enterprises and private enterprises.

There is also a view that it should be defined by the source and composition of capital of enterprises. If the capital of an enterprise takes private assets (including funds, movable property and real estate) as the investment subject, it can be called "private enterprise". "Private" is a word with China characteristics. Private assets in a narrow sense refer to the private property of China citizens, excluding state-owned assets and foreign assets (assets owned by overseas owners). Therefore, private enterprises refer to all enterprises except state-owned enterprises, state-owned assets holding enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises in China, including sole proprietorships, partnerships, limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies. From the perspective of enterprise management and control, limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies that contain a small part of state-owned assets and/or foreign-invested assets but do not have enterprise management and control rights can also be called "private enterprises".

In a broad sense, the definition of private enterprises in China is only relative to state-owned enterprises, but it is compatible with any non-state-owned enterprises, including state-owned and holding enterprises. So the concept of private enterprises can be summarized as follows: all non-state-owned enterprises are private enterprises.

"Private enterprises" in a narrow sense only refers to private enterprises and joint ventures with private enterprises as the main body. Due to historical reasons, the concept of "private enterprise" is not easy to get rid of discrimination. Investors, operators, employees and social workers who are interested in promoting the development of private enterprises tend to use the neutral name "private enterprise", which makes "private enterprise" another name for private enterprises in many cases, and this paper also agrees with this statement. The definition of private enterprises in this paper mainly lies in its narrow sense.

All non-public enterprises are collectively referred to as private enterprises. In the Company Law, enterprises are classified according to the form of capital organization, mainly including: wholly state-owned, state-holding companies, limited liability companies, joint stock limited companies, partnerships and sole proprietorship enterprises. According to the above definition of the connotation of private enterprises, except state-owned enterprises and state-controlled enterprises, all other enterprises belong to private enterprises as long as they have no state-owned capital.

Privatization does not mean privatization, nor does privatization mean privatization. At present, some foreign scholars equate privatization with privatization, which is wrong. We can distinguish them clearly according to their different connotations and extensions.

Private economy refers to the economic component with the relationship of employment and labor, that is, private enterprises with capitalist nature. Legally speaking, private enterprises refer to profit-making economic organizations established or controlled by natural persons and based on wage labor. Private economy is a non-public economy. The reality includes three parts: individual economy, private economy and foreign capital economy.

Private or private economy is not a concept of ownership. From the management level, it refers to the economy with the people as the main body of operation. The corresponding concept of private or private economy can only be state-owned or government-run. Therefore, as long as it is not a state-owned or government-run economy, it is a private or private economy. In the private economy, it includes not only all private ownership economies, but also other public ownership economies besides the state-owned economy, such as township enterprises, cooperative economy, community ownership economy, association ownership economy and foundation ownership economy.

Therefore, the two are completely different. Privatization is based on operating mechanism, and privatization is based on property rights. The latter is protected by relevant laws. The former is just an academic theory. Although it is often said in practice, the industrial and commercial departments do not have the statistical caliber of privatization. It's just that the Science and Technology Department has statistics on private technology enterprises. The state has only recently issued relevant policy protection and normative documents. Historically, the concept of private operation will disappear in the future, and it has no legal status unless it is established in the future and given a stricter legal status. Because of this, our country is now very confused and vague on this issue.

In a narrow sense, "private enterprise" > >;

Question 6: Do all state-owned enterprises belong to public institutions? Generally, the names of public institutions can be distinguished from those of party and government organs, enterprises and social organizations. Institutions are generally called research institutes, schools, research institutes, stations, societies, groups, centers, etc. Instead of being called a hall, bureau, company, society, etc. In addition, institutions have full financial allocations and differential subsidies. "Jinjiang Hotel" or a company. "State-owned enterprises" are all enterprises.

Question 7: Do banks belong to public institutions or state-owned enterprises? The People's Bank of China is an institution established by * * *, which is responsible for controlling the national money supply and credit situation and supervising the financial system, especially commercial banks and other savings institutions, so it is different from ordinary commercial banks.

The other four major banks are all state-owned enterprises, except these five are all enterprises.

At present, there are three types of commercial banks in China:

The first category is wholly state-owned commercial banks, including China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Agricultural Bank, China Bank and China Construction Bank.

The second category is joint-stock commercial banks. At present, there are 12 banks such as Bank of Communications, Shenzhen Development Bank, CITIC Industrial Bank, China Everbright Bank, Huaxia Bank, China Merchants Bank, Guangdong Development Bank, Fujian Industrial Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Hainan Development Bank and China Minsheng Bank.

The third category is urban cooperative banks, which are established on the basis of the assets verification of the original urban credit cooperatives, absorbing local finance and enterprise shares, and have the nature of joint-stock system. By the end of 1996, there were 18 urban cooperative banks listed in China.

Question 8: What do you mean by "employees" and what are they like in state-owned enterprises? The so-called staff in the establishment is the staff in the official establishment of the state (personnel department), and their basic salary and local subsidies are funded by the government. To enter the staffing, they must go through open recruitment. Both staff and non-staff are employed. There is no "regular worker (II) contract worker (general worker)". Non-staffing personnel are employed by institutions themselves (including temporary workers), and there is no financial allocation, just like enterprise employment.

Staffing, the nature of state-owned enterprises is formal staffing, financial allocation.

Usually * * * institutions, large enterprises and institutions have fixed staffing, that is, the number of people who need to be approved. However, due to institutional problems, many units cannot adjust their staffing in time after their functions are expanded, their tasks are increased or changed. If they need help, but there is no staffing in the system, they will recruit some extra staff. Under normal circumstances, the salaries, security and welfare benefits of the staff in the establishment are all included in the finance and borne by * * * or relevant institutions because of the establishment. Employees outside the establishment, regardless of whether their work contents and positions are the same as those in the establishment, are not guaranteed in the financial budget because they belong to the establishment, and need to be borne by the employer itself, so they are usually not as good as those in the establishment. This is the difference caused by institutional defects.

Question 9: What is the nature of trade associations in China? Are the enterprises under the association state-owned? Trade association refers to a social intermediary organization that serves, consults, communicates, supervises, is fair, self-disciplined and coordinated between enterprises and commodity producers and operators. Trade association is a kind of non-governmental organization, which does not belong to a series of management institutions of * * *, but a bridge and link between * * * and enterprises.

Trade association belongs to the enterprise legal person stipulated in China's civil law, and it is a kind of civil organizations and social groups in China, that is, non-governmental organizations, also known as NGOs, are non-profit organizations.

There is no affiliation between the affiliated enterprises of the association and the association. In fact, enterprises of various natures can apply to join trade associations and become member units. State-owned enterprises, foreign enterprises and private enterprises are usually not restricted. Therefore, all enterprises under the association are not necessarily state-owned enterprises.

Question 10: the nature of state-owned enterprises is definitely state-owned.

If you are recruiting for the society, you should be a regular employee (of course, your account should have a local account).

If it is a subsidiary of an overseas institution, it is still a state-owned enterprise.