Popularization of knowledge on financial services for small and micro enterprises

1. What innovations are there in small and micro financial services?

These three major innovations are: innovative product terms, innovative mortgage methods, and innovative repayment methods.

According to a person from the Chongqing Banking Regulatory Bureau, the innovative product term design can alleviate the pressure of "repaying first and then borrowing" when loans are due for small businesses. Small and micro businesses do not need to obtain high-cost financing for "loan offsets". At the same time, banks should also innovate repayment methods and study the introduction of automatically renewable loans.

The third is to innovate the mortgage and pledge methods. Banks should gradually relax their reliance on collateral and guarantees. The person said that in terms of credit period innovation for small and micro enterprises, Hua Xia Bank, Industrial Bank, and China Merchants Bank have launched products such as "annual review loan", "continuous loan", and "re-loan pass", and eligible small and micro enterprises do not need to repay the loan. Loan renewal.

In addition, many banks have launched revolving loans under the highest credit limit, which can flexibly match the production and operation cycles of small and micro enterprises. In terms of innovation in guarantee methods, China Construction Bank, Chongqing Rural Commercial Bank, etc. have launched new weak guarantee products such as "Guarantee Loans", "Order Loans", and "Invoice Loans".

2. What are the key points for enriching and innovating the financial service methods for small and micro enterprises?

The key points for enriching and innovating the financial service methods for small and micro enterprises are to enhance service functions, transform service methods, Innovative service products.

All banking financial institutions must strengthen the service concept of supporting the small and micro. Do not refuse to help the customers because they are small, and do not fail to help because of small profits. They must know how to make small profits but quick turnover, accumulate a little to make a lot, and accumulate good deeds. Chengde's business mantra is to mobilize more business outlets to participate in financial services for small and micro enterprises, expand business scope, increase innovation, and enhance financial functions. It is necessary to firmly establish a customer-centered business philosophy, continuously develop specialty products based on the characteristics of small and micro enterprises of different types and stages of development, and provide tailor-made financial products and services to small and micro enterprises.

It is necessary to comprehensively provide basic and comprehensive financial services such as account opening, settlement, financial management, and consulting; vigorously develop industrial chain financing, business circle financing, and enterprise group financing; actively carry out intellectual property pledges and accounts receivable Pledge, movable property pledge, order pledge, warehouse receipt pledge and other mortgage and pledge loan businesses; promote the establishment of commercial factoring, financial leasing and directional trust and other financing services; make full use of new technologies and new tools such as the Internet, and continuously innovate online financial service models; it is necessary to We proactively provide financial services to small and micro enterprises through delayed delays and door-to-door “sweeping” services.

3. How should commercial banks increase financial services to small and micro enterprises?

Small, medium and micro enterprises are the new force of the national economy.

In stabilizing growth, expanding employment, promoting innovation, prospering the market, and meeting the various needs of the people, they play an extremely important role that cannot be ignored. “According to statistics, small, medium and micro enterprises across the country create 80% of employment, 60% of GDP and 50% of tax revenue, while the proportion of loans obtained by small and micro enterprises is only a little more than 20% of all loans. "Banking financial institutions should fully realize the importance of small, medium and micro enterprises.

Change the lack of understanding and attitude towards small, medium and micro enterprises, adopt multiple strategies and adopt a multi-pronged approach to continuously improve the level of financial services for small and micro enterprises, fundamentally alleviate the problem of financing difficulties for small and micro enterprises, and fully support The healthy development of small and micro enterprises. Vigorously develop small and medium-sized financial institutions, small and medium-sized enterprises, and local small and medium-sized banks to establish long-term and stable bank-enterprise relationships, and have this small and medium-sized bank provide them with comprehensive financial services, including basic settlement and deposit and loan services. This is the theoretically optimal small and medium-sized enterprise. Micro enterprise financing model.

Vigorously developing small and medium-sized banks with clearer market positioning is the most effective way to solve the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises. Judging from the empirical analysis results, city commercial banks and rural financial institutions with clearer market positioning generally have higher loan efficiency for small and micro enterprises. They have a wide range of institutions and have advantages in information, cost, management, etc., and are more "matched" with small and micro enterprises. ".

It can not only increase the effective supply of financial services for small and micro enterprises, but also improve the competitiveness of financial services for small and micro enterprises. Therefore, directly establishing small and medium-sized banking institutions that are marketed as small and micro enterprises can effectively improve the efficiency of banking institutions in serving small and micro enterprises.

Improve the financing mechanism for small, medium and micro enterprises, establish a credit rating and evaluation system suitable for small, medium and micro enterprises, solve the problems that arise in the credit granting process for small, medium and micro enterprises, and establish and improve financing suitable for the development of small, medium and micro enterprises. model, rationally adjust the direction of credit investment, give full play to the role of local small and medium-sized financial institutions as the main channel to support small, medium and micro enterprises, and highlight the support for key local small, medium and micro enterprises. Improve the credit management mechanism of small and micro enterprises and enhance risk control capabilities. Improve the risk management mechanism, improve risk control capabilities, strengthen internal control and informatization construction, improve the quality of professionals, and minimize loan risks.

First, establish a credit management mechanism that combines constraints and incentives to promote bank loan marketing enthusiasm, improve financial services, and increase support for small, medium and micro enterprises. Strengthen the loan responsibility system, implement a loan management system centered on the president's responsibility system, clarify the responsibilities of account managers, and establish a loan incentive mechanism to increase the enthusiasm of account managers in granting loans.

Strengthen the assessment of the work ability and moral level of account managers, and establish a team of account managers with excellent quality. The second is to handle and issue loans in strict accordance with the prescribed procedures for loans to small, medium and micro enterprises, review the financial statements of small and medium-sized enterprises, analyze their feasibility, and handle them in accordance with the regulations.

The third is to improve and establish a credit management and approval mechanism suitable for small, medium and micro enterprises. On the premise of effectively controlling risks, reasonably delegate loan approval authority to small, medium and micro enterprises, optimize the approval process and improve approval efficiency. Strengthen financial product innovation, adhere to the market-oriented and customer-centered approach, and use product innovation as a means to meet diversified and personalized capital needs.

Establish a credit system, risk management and control system and incentive assessment system suitable for the business development of small, medium and micro enterprises to ensure the healthy development of the credit business of small, medium and micro enterprises. Accelerate the innovation of products and guarantee methods, and increase financial innovation for small, medium and micro enterprises in different industries, different regions and in different life cycles.

The fourth is to determine a reasonable proportion of loans to small, medium and micro enterprises, to avoid excessive concentration of loans to large enterprises and large projects, and to prevent an increase in credit risks. The fifth is to strengthen post-loan supervision of small, medium and micro enterprises, regularly check the financial statements of small and medium-sized enterprises, and understand the company's use of funds. For small, medium and micro enterprises with multiple accounts, banks should strengthen contact and cooperation to reduce evasion. The occurrence of bank debt phenomenon.

Sixth, strengthen the constraints on owners of small, medium and micro enterprises. In order to prevent business owners from evading bank debts, owners can be required to use personal household property as collateral. Developing financial services for small, medium and micro enterprises Developing financial services for small, medium and micro enterprises is not only the social responsibility of banks, but also an important way for banks to seek new profit growth points, adjust credit structures and achieve sustained and stable development.

Banks should strengthen financing and marketing services for small, medium and micro enterprises, actively participate in the industry planning of *** in their regions, strengthen communication with corporate authorities to form good relationships, and gain the first opportunity and opportunity to market high-quality customers. The source of advantageous customer resources in related industries, targeting high-quality customers. With the help of various loan-related subsidies, interest discounts, and loss-bearing policies introduced by the ***, companies can be encouraged to repay their loans on a monthly basis and improve their awareness of trustworthiness.

Due to various reasons, many banks only provide active marketing services to large and medium-sized enterprises and key industry key enterprises, and often wait to come to small, medium and micro enterprises. For this reason, they have lost many potential high-quality small, medium and micro enterprise customers. . Therefore, banks should proactively tap the potential of the small, medium and micro enterprise market, formulate and implement capital marketing plans, proactively find, select and cultivate customers, and meet the loan needs of small, medium and micro enterprises whose products are marketable, profitable and trustworthy.

Handle the relationship with industry and commerce, taxation, and customs well, and obtain first-hand information that can reflect the company's operating status and profitability. For example, tax bills, customs declarations, import and export business volumes, etc. are more conducive to the identification and judgment of high-quality customers.

Industry associations or chambers of commerce are one of the most effective channels for banks to expand their target customers. Banks participate in activities as special members, which can not only understand the latest developments and development trends in the industry, but also widely promote the bank's products and services.

Focus on the analysis of small, medium and micro enterprises in the supply chain upstream and downstream of large customers to meet the financing needs of growing small, medium and micro enterprises.

Establish a special credit evaluation system for small, medium and micro enterprises. Banks should provide different financing support to different types of small, medium and micro enterprises, and give strong support to small, medium and micro enterprises that are creditworthy, marketable and profitable.

Banks should provide different levels of financing support to different types of small, medium and micro enterprises, and provide strong support to small, medium and micro enterprises that have credit, marketability and profitability; Sensitive small, medium and micro enterprises should consider this when reviewing the conditions for corporate loans.

4. What is small and micro finance?

1. China Small and Micro Finance 60-person Forum "China Small and Micro Finance 60-person Forum" is an unofficial forum dedicated to the theory and practice of micro-finance. , a non-profit academic research organization, the forum uses a forward-looking vision and exploratory spirit to consolidate the academic foundation of China's microfinance, explore cutting-edge topics in the field of microfinance, promote the reform and practice of China's microfinance industry, and contribute to the development and prosperity of China's inclusive finance. .

2. Alibaba Small and Micro Financial Services Group Alibaba Group announced on March 7, 2013 that it would prepare to establish Alibaba Small and Micro Financial Services Group. The main business scope of Ali Small and Micro Financial Services Group includes payment, small and micro Loans, insurance, guarantees and other fields. Through Alibaba's platform, it will help small and micro enterprises achieve species diversification, provide tools for online merchants, and support online merchants to face consumers; through the small and micro financial services group, it will provide financing, payment, and Guarantees and other services they need to support their survival and development.

Peng Lei will serve as CEO of Small and Micro Financial Services Group. Corporate operations of Alibaba Small and Micro Financial Services Group According to media reports, Alibaba’s small loan funds come from four major aspects. First, its two small loan companies in Zhejiang and Chongqing, with a total registered capital of 1.6 billion yuan; second, bank financing; The first is asset securitization; the fourth is that it will be open to more and more banks.

Previously, Jack Ma, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Alibaba Group, has elaborated on Alibaba’s three major stages of future development: platform, finance and data businesses. After the structure of Alibaba Group was adjusted into 25 business groups in early 2013, the platform business has been basically determined.

The establishment of Alibaba Small and Micro Financial Services Group means the beginning of the second phase. In this system, the most important concept is "credit equals wealth", and "openness, transparency, responsibility, sharing, and interaction" are the core values.

Jack Ma, chairman of the board of directors of Alibaba Group, said: China does not need another financial company, but China lacks a financial services company that truly focuses on serving small and micro enterprises. Research reports show that since 2014, the demand for financial services of small and micro enterprises has undergone new changes, mainly reflected in the increase in financing demand and comprehensive financial service demand. To this end, various financial institutions and quasi-financial institutions have made arrangements and launched their own service model.

As a quasi-financial institution, the commercial factoring industry has become a new way of financing and financial services for small and micro enterprises. Its role in effectively alleviating the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises and supporting the development of the real economy has been understood and recognized. A new round of accelerated development has also begun. Kadwanli's pioneering commercial factoring model provides financial services to small and micro enterprises, which meets the requirements of the growing demand for financing and comprehensive financial services of small and micro enterprises, and also reflects its dedicated, professional, batch and standard service concept.

Focus: The service target group is positioned as small and micro enterprises with POS cashiers, serving the real economy; Batch: The use of modern information technology and big data technology reduces the deviation and cumbersome process of manual review operations , reduce service costs, process information data in batches, and provide services in batches; Standard: Make services into standard products. The entire service process is like a factory assembly line, and all links are executed according to standard operations to form standard services.

5. How to create a good environment for the development of small and micro finance

The quality of the credit environment is a necessary condition for the ability to gather financial resources.

If the environment is good, financial investment will come in droves; if the environment is bad, financial resources will be avoided. With sycamore trees, there is no need to worry about the coming of the phoenix.

Therefore, local governments at all levels must fully understand the importance of financial environment construction and make great efforts to create a good financial environment. Research and formulate policies and measures to support financial services for small and micro enterprises in terms of improving the rule of law, improving public services, early warning of risks, improving mortgage and pledge registration, and publicity and education of financial knowledge.

It is also necessary to implement the regulatory responsibilities and risk disposal responsibilities of financing guarantee companies, small loan companies, pawn shops and other institutions, increase the crackdown on illegal financial activities such as private loan sharking, illegal fund-raising, and reduce the number of illegal financial activities. Intervention in the normal operating activities of financial institutions helps safeguard bank claims, combats evasion of bank debts, resolves financial risks, strictly adheres to the bottom line of preventing systemic regional risks, effectively maintains the order of the local financial market, and contributes to the stability, soundness and sustainability of the financial industry. Development and protection.