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What equipment does it take to build a portrait studio? how much is it?

Learning portrait photography-studio equipment

Thursday, May 29th, 2008 at 02:27 pm, it is very inconvenient to take wedding photos and artistic photos on location because the outdoor light source is not available and the light quantity is not satisfactory. In this way, the studio where manpower can be mastered came into being, and it is particularly important.

In the studio, light source control, background design and prop application are very convenient and practical. The most important lighting problem in photography can be completely controlled in the studio. Therefore, the application and operation technology of the studio is an irreplaceable professional skill for professional photographers.

The planning of studio hardware equipment should first be based on the principle that photographic equipment can move freely; Secondly, we need to have three major equipment, one is lighting equipment, the other is background equipment, and the third is props equipment. Let's briefly introduce its characteristics.

(1) Lighting equipment:

Lighting equipment is the only irreplaceable equipment for lighting. If cameras and negatives are the main equipment for taking pictures, then lighting is the most important equipment for making images in the studio. All light and shadows need to be generated by this device.

(2) background equipment:

If lighting is the most important equipment to produce images in the studio, then the background can be regarded as the stage where lighting plays a role. If you want to shoot a rich picture, the background is essential. The background of the indoor studio can be pre-designed into various ideal shapes and patterns, so that the photography work can be completed quickly and conveniently.

According to its design form, the background can be divided into two types: the plane scenery painted on the curtain by painting method and the three-dimensional real scene designed by real scene. The former is suitable for portrait photography which generally needs close-up and the background can be ignored, while the latter is suitable for the middle scene and pays more attention to the real artistic conception. Of course, there are two kinds of backgrounds mixed or made by combining technology and image synthesis methods (such as slide projection) ... but at present, the most practical and traditional background forms are the above two.

(3) Props and equipment:

Tao has the function of lining red flowers with green leaves. Although it is not the most important equipment, it can make the theme more vivid and real because of props. Properly using props to set off can take more meaningful photos, but the meaning of props and portraits is the same, that is, they can't be too cumbersome and fake, otherwise they will not only lose the meaning of the picture, but also have a negative impact.

(4) Other equipment:

In addition to the planning and design of the above three major equipment, the studio can also plan multifunctional space designs such as carding area, quick dressing area and various unique landscape areas when space and ideal permit. Of course, this is an ideal area, which can only be developed after the photographic equipment can be fully utilized and the three major equipment are fully planned. General photographers can design a perfect studio that is more suitable for their own style according to their own operating habits.

(1) Lighting equipment of the studio

The lighting equipment of portrait studio can be generally divided into two types: flash lamp with instantaneous light and quartz lamp with continuous light. Flash flash is the most basic and commonly used equipment in the studio, which belongs to normal shooting. Its light source is fleeting, and the negative can be exposed in an instant, so it is also called "instantaneous light". The brightness of the theme light can be directly observed through the analog light set inside the flash. It is quite convenient to take pictures, with a color temperature of about 5400K, which is the most basic equipment in the studio.

Continuous light quartz lamp light source is used to shoot warm colors or details with slow sensitivity. Its light source belongs to a continuous luminous body, so it can get more detailed colors through slow exposure, which is contrary to the flash light source. It's just that this type of lamp consumes a lot of electricity and is easy to generate heat, and its color temperature is warm yellow at 3200 K. Because it emits light continuously, it is the main light source when shooting dynamic films such as movies. If you want to get normal color reproduction, you can set the color temperature of the digital camera to be the same as the color temperature of the light source-3200 K.

The lighting equipment in the studio, whether it is a flash or a quartz lamp, is not lit by a single lamp. In general photography, in order to make the light-dark ratio of the photo picture perfect, the studio uses a variety of lights for lighting, so it is necessary to plan a variety of lights to combine, and the effect is perfect. The function and effect of each lamp can be seen in the following concise list.

A concise list of names and functions when lighting and lighting are combined in a studio.

1. main light-main light, which illuminates the brightest part of the subject, is the most important light source in photography.

2. Auxiliary light-supplementary light, which is used to supplement the light in the dark part of the theme and adjust the light ratio when controlling the light ratio.

3. Background light-background light, one of the effect lights, brightens the background area, otherwise the theme and background lack a sense of light field and layering, which will produce background shadows.

4. Cold light-Cold light is one of the effect lights, which separates the hair from the dark background. Not applicable when the background is bright.

5. Concentrate effect light-background light and theme light to create strong lighting effect. If you insert inserts with special shapes, you can get different shapes of light and shadow effects, which are often used to make background light and shadow.

6. Other effect lights-effect lights, other effect lights such as "background light" highlight the outline of the theme. Skills and functions depend on the photographer's needs.

When lighting, in order to improve the light quality and color of each light, such as changing direct light into scattered light or condensing light, auxiliary equipment of lighting can be used, such as using reflective umbrella and shadowless cover. Four-leaf shutters and other equipment to change different light quality. Its key equipment and functions are as follows.

(1) Reflective umbrella: The reflective umbrella is installed in front of the lamp, and the naked light (light without any shielding) is converted into jumping light (light with reflector) by using the anti-knock function of this umbrella. This form of lighting method makes the light quality become the property of scattered light, thus obtaining softer light quality. Usually installed on auxiliary lights or main lights. Its material is silver or white, but white is more commonly used and the light quality is softer.

(2) Shadowless hood: Shadowless hood is the simplest and most direct scattering light conversion device. Its function is to make a translucent white cloth into a lampshade and cover it directly on the lamp holder. The direct light will diffuse into the light quality of scattered light after passing through this cloth cover, and the operation is simple and convenient. It is the most important and widely used equipment to change the light quality in the studio. Commonly used for main lights or auxiliary lights, the sizes are large and small, and can be purchased according to the photographer's shooting purpose.

(3) Sharp nose mask: It is a device with the opposite function to shadowless mask. When the funnel-shaped cylinder similar to the pig's mouth is installed in front of the lamp holder, it will guide the light of the naked lamp to the light projection place more intensively, forming a spotlight state, and it is the most commonly used light guide device for lighting and spotlight effect.

(4) Four-leaf shutter: This is a multifunctional device. Its shape is a cover composed of four movable shields, which can get a large or small range of illumination according to the size and aperture of the blade, and it is the best creative equipment to change the illumination range. You can also use its jack to insert any color film to get color light with changed colors. Easy to operate, it is an important multifunctional device, which is often used to change the background light.

(2) Background equipment of the studio

Background is the main stage of portrait photography, and it is the fastest equipment to change the tone of photos or create scenes in the creative process, so it is one of the three major equipment in the studio.

In the introduction of studio equipment, we know that background equipment can be divided into two types according to its design form: plane scenery painted on the big curtain and three-dimensional real scene designed with real scenery. The former is simple and can quickly change scenes. It is the most common and basic equipment in general cinemas. The latter is suitable for photo types that pay attention to real meaning, such as European home improvement scenes or China court scenes.

The following is a brief list of studio background equipment, indicating the common contents and applicable photo types of these two backgrounds. In some cases that are not suitable for exterior location, there is another equipment that projects slides in front of a big screen for synchronous synthetic image photography. This equipment is called background projector. This kind of equipment can quickly change the background content by changing a slide, which was popular for a while before location photography was fully popularized. It's just that if you are not skilled in lighting, you will often form a black border around the portrait. Moreover, the connection between portrait and background has some unnatural shortcomings, so in today's outdoor photography era, this equipment has been gradually eliminated.

In addition to the traditional background items mentioned above, in fact, anything can be used as background material. As long as the creative meaning and skills are used properly, any background material is worth creating.

Brief list of studio background equipment

Flat scenery:

The white plain background is suitable for high-level photos, and the photos are required to be fresh and lively, with a youthful and bright atmosphere.

The black background is suitable for low-tone photos, and the photos are required to be mature and stable, with an elegant and solemn feeling.

Oil painting, ink painting background, photos suitable for oil painting processing type and intermediate tone photos between the above two categories.

Scenery, European court background, suitable for the background commonly used in traditional indoor sheds, is deeply loved by ordinary people.

Geometric figures and floral backgrounds are suitable for taking photos with a sense of modern art and abstraction.

Hand-dyed cloth has a romantic background, which is suitable for photos with romantic styles.

Stereotyped landscape:

European-style living room scene, like similar real-life photos in European style, has a sense of home style.

Real-life photos of Roman columns in palaces, like similar real-life photos of European classical palaces and architectural styles.

Swing stairs are real, like real photos with similar indoor gorgeous styles.

Chinese-style beam-column real scene, Chinese-style similar real-life photos of national retro style.

Taiwan Province Province nostalgic ancient massacre scene, nostalgic age style Taiwan Province Province style similar to real photos.

China classical bed chair scene, ancient costume romantic style China similar scene photo.

Natural light window scene, natural light photography, romantic style photos.

(5) Color film and other accessories: Color film is a kind of color transparent film that can change the color of light. It is made of plastic, and photographers can change it according to their own preferences. In addition, there are dimming materials such as tracing paper. You can refer to the instructions of various material manufacturers and make full use of the photographer's photography content to achieve different lighting design effects.

Fourth, the shooting skills of location photography

The photos taken by location photography are the freshest and most natural photos in all photographic works, which are widely loved by people. In addition, every photographer who loves photography has a practice environment where he can shoot everywhere. Therefore, both amateur photographers and professional photographers take the shooting skills of location photography as a compulsory course.

Among all kinds of shooting techniques, why is the shooting technique of location photography the easiest to learn, but also the most difficult to be profound? This is because everyone who is a beginner in photography learns basic photography and basic exposure in the outdoor natural environment according to the state of natural landscape. Outdoor photography works can be taken naturally according to the natural conditions of the environment, and there is no need to bother to design the lighting environment or the conditions required for taking pictures such as backgrounds and scenes, so it is naturally effortless to learn.

However, it is not easy for outdoor photography to produce outstanding works that are different or stand out from others. Because the photos taken under normal outdoor conditions are almost the same color, it is difficult for human resources to change the natural environment and take better photos. Although outdoor light sources can be seen everywhere, it is easy to take pictures; However, it is much more difficult to get a completely satisfactory lighting mode than an indoor studio can adjust the lighting mode at will. The sun, a natural light source, cannot be used by us. We can only try our best to use what we have learned, apply and master lighting technology to produce better photo effects. Therefore, if you don't control the outdoor natural light source at will, it is naturally not easy to shoot a masterpiece beyond ordinary people. This is why outdoor photography is easy to learn and difficult to master.

In addition, the same is true in the use of scenes and other photographic techniques. If you simply take pictures as they are, of course, it is easy to get them. However, if you want to excel and shoot excellent photographs, it is quite difficult. Because natural scenes and lighting conditions can't be changed and replaced by human beings at will. Therefore, it is more difficult for a photographer to take pictures outdoors, how to control the light source and how to modify the scenery to meet his ideal realm than to take pictures in an indoor studio.

Although the shooting technique of location photography is easy to learn and difficult to master, it is not difficult to learn the shooting technique of wedding dress and artistic photography as long as you can master the learning essentials step by step and learn the past photography foundation, and then further deepen the composition and lighting foundation, and then take photos as an opportunity to master various courses.

After we understand that location photography has two characteristics, which are the easiest to shoot well and the most difficult to shoot well, we can make full use of them and enrich ourselves. Specific learning suggestions are as follows:

1. Use the characteristics of location photography to practice more. We already know that outdoor photography can be taken everywhere and can also take good photos. Therefore, under the natural guarantee of safety, as long as you know the basic exposure photography theory, you can almost become a good location "photographer". And if you only ask for photos with general natural or formula composition, everyone can take them with confidence.

2. Challenge the same photo types that are difficult to take, such as the most difficult photos with high artistic taste and scenery in location photography. Although this kind of photos need great skills in lens selection, lighting technology, composition conception, color planning and so on. Through repeated practice, they can shoot works with high artistic value which are different from life photos or landscape photos. Once a photographer can break through the bottleneck of this photography technology, his completed photography works will reach a higher level in artistic value, which will bring photographers joy and pride that money can't buy. Therefore, after accumulating considerable shooting experience, photographers have to challenge more difficult types to reach a higher level of photography.

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(1) Lighting equipment: Lighting equipment is the only irreplaceable equipment for lighting. If cameras and negatives are the main equipment for taking pictures, then lighting is the most important equipment for making images in the studio. All light and shadows need to be generated by this device.

(2) Background equipment: If lighting is the most important equipment for making images in the studio, then the background can be regarded as the stage where lighting plays a role. If you want to shoot a rich picture, the background is essential. The background of the indoor studio can be designed in advance into various ideal shapes and patterns, so that the photography work can be completed quickly and conveniently.

(3) Props and equipment: Tao has the function of green leaves lining red flowers. Although it is not the most important equipment, it can make the theme more vivid and real because of props. Proper use of props can take more meaningful photos, but the meaning of props and portrait modeling is the same, that is, it can't be too cumbersome and fake, otherwise it will not only lose the meaning of the picture, but also have a negative impact.

(4) Other equipment: In addition to the planning and design of the above three major equipment, the studio can also plan multifunctional space designs such as carding area, quick dressing area and various unique landscape areas when space and ideal permit. Of course, this is an ideal area, which can only be developed after the photographic equipment can be fully utilized and the three major equipment are fully planned. General photographers can design a perfect studio that is more suitable for their own style according to their own operating habits.

(1) Lighting equipment of the studio

Continuous light quartz lamp light source is used to shoot warm colors or details with slow sensitivity. Its light source belongs to a continuous luminous body, so it can get more detailed colors through slow exposure, which is contrary to the flash light source. It's just that this type of lamp consumes a lot of electricity and is easy to generate heat, and its color temperature is warm yellow at 3200 K. Because it emits light continuously, it is the main light source when shooting dynamic films such as movies. If you want to get the normal color temperature of 5400K, you can use C 12 blue filter to correct it.

A concise list of names and functions when lighting and lighting are combined in a studio.

Name retouching function

1. The main light illuminates the brightest part of the subject, which is the most important light source in photography.

2. The auxiliary light is used to fill the dark part of the theme, and the auxiliary light source is used to adjust the light ratio when controlling the light ratio.

3. Background light is one of the effect lights, which brightens the background area, otherwise the theme and background lack light field and layering, which will produce background shadows.

4. Lighting is one of the effect light, which separates the hair from the dark background, but it is not applicable when the background is light.

5. Concentrate the theme light of the background light of the effect light to create a strong light effect. If you insert a special shape insert, you can get different shapes of light and shadow effects, which are often used to make background light and shadow.

6. Other effect lights Effect lights include effect lights, such as "background light", which highlights the outline of the theme. Skills and functions depend on the photographer's needs.

(4) Four-leaf shutter: This is a multifunctional device. Its shape is a cover composed of four movable shutters, which can get a large or small range of illumination according to the size and aperture of the blade. It is the best creative equipment to change the illumination range. You can also use its jack to insert any color film to get color light with changed colors. Easy to operate, it is an important multifunctional device, which is often used to change the background light.

Second, the studio background equipment

The following is a brief list of studio background equipment, indicating the common contents and applicable photo types of these two backgrounds.

In some cases that are not suitable for exterior location, there is another equipment that projects slides in front of a big screen for synchronous synthetic image photography. This equipment is called background projector. This kind of equipment can quickly change the background content by changing a slide, which was popular for a while before location photography was fully popularized. It's just that if you are not skilled in lighting, you will often form a black border around the portrait. Moreover, the connection between portrait and background has some unnatural shortcomings, so in today's outdoor photography era, this equipment has been gradually eliminated.

Brief list of studio background equipment

The background type is suitable for the photo type of the background.

Plane scenery: High-order photos with white and plain background require fresh, lively, young and clear photos.

Low-tone photos with black and dark backgrounds require photos to be mature and stable, with elegant and solemn feeling.

Oil painting, background oil painting processing type photos and intermediate tone photos between the above two categories.

Scenery, European court background The background commonly used in traditional indoor sheds is deeply loved by ordinary people.

Geometric figures and flower background photos full of modern art and abstraction.

Hand-dyed cloth for romantic background, romantic hobbies and other style photos.

Stereo set: European living room scene likes similar real-life photos of European style, which has a sense of home style.

Real-life photos of Roman columns in palaces like similar real-life photos of European classical palaces and architectural styles.

The spiral staircase is like a gorgeous indoor photo.

Chinese-style beam-column real-life national retro style is similar to China real-life photos

Taiwan Province nostalgic ancient Tu Tu real-life similar real-life photos Taiwan Province provincial style nostalgic chronological style

China classical bed chair real person costume romantic style China similar real person photo.

Natural lighting window, real life natural light photography, romantic photos.

Third, the props and equipment of the studio.

In the design of photo content, in order to strengthen the moral, aesthetic feeling or plot effect of the theme, props are generally used to set off the whole picture and make it more convincing. Therefore, the role of props in the studio is like green leaves setting off red flowers, which is an indispensable equipment for combining into a perfect photo scene. We can divide them into four types according to their functions in scene design: ① theme function props; (2) strengthening functional props; (3) covering functional props; (4) Hide functional equipment props. The characteristics of the four functional props are as follows:

(1) Props with theme function: Generally, in the process of photography, the content of photo design needs some props to match the decoration, so as to make the design of the scene more perfect and highlight the connotation of the theme. Therefore, as long as the props and furnishings related to the photo theme design can be called "theme functional props". This is the most important kind of props when shooting. Except for some close-up photos, as long as the composition involves the scene angle, almost all the theme function props are needed. Theme functional props are generally large appliances.

(2) Functional props: props whose main purpose is to set off the theme and increase the sense of beauty. Generally, after designing the theme functional props, in order to further increase the aesthetic feeling of the picture, some auxiliary props must be added or decorated to make the original scene more complete. This kind of props can be called "props to enhance functionality".

Because the props to strengthen the function are only for the purpose of retouching and foil, they should not be too eye-catching or too huge, otherwise there will be a negative effect of usurping the role of the host. Therefore, in the design and application, it can be increased or decreased according to the designer's feeling, and generally small decorative props are used.

(3) Masking function props: This is a kind of props, mainly to mask unnecessary or unwanted scenes on the screen. In the process of taking pictures, it is often found that there are unnecessary scenes such as wires, clothes, and objects that are not commensurate with the scene. At this time, we need to rely on some temporary cover props to decorate, so this kind of props is called "cover function props" Generally, there are mostly smaller props, which should be easier to take.

(4) Hidden function equipment props: This equipment is used to make the scene construction or portrait theme decoration perfect when shooting. Although it is also a prop, it is often hidden behind the theme, only doing supportive behind-the-scenes work, and rarely appears in the photo screen, so it is called "hidden functional equipment prop". For example, the commonly used high wooden boards can make the theme of portraits high, or the upright frames can make decorations easy to hang, or books can make people pose against the theme. This kind of props belongs to equipment props with hidden functions. Generally, if the photographer has no strict requirements on the performance of the artistic conception of the picture, such equipment props are unnecessary, but if the photographer has particularly strict requirements on the creation of the picture, the adjustment function of such props is still valued.

Please refer to the following concise list for specific studio props and equipment and their functions.

A concise list of basic props and functions of the studio

Basic functions of props commonly used in studios

1. European single chair and double chair-the most basic chairs in general studios.

2. European round table, simple home decoration-theme function props, the best props for general indoor scenery.

3. Window sills, Roman columns, bookshelves-props to enhance functionality, often used for lining in various backgrounds.

4. tablecloths, curtains, simple modeling cloth, etc. -Functional props used for covering, usually used to cover worn and unnecessary parts. 5. Candlesticks, books, small table ornaments, peacock feathers, etc. -props, used for local or close-up to enhance aesthetic functions.

6. All kinds of single flowers-strengthening functional props, the simplest and most practical props for shooting portraits.

7. Middle plate, lower plate, chuck, etc. Used to hide height function props and adjust portrait height and posture.

8. Chinese guzheng, embroidered frame, calligraphy and painting, teapot, etc. -The style of taking traditional photos of China.

9. Modelling of local utensils, doorframes and brick walls in Taiwan Province Province-common props for taking nostalgic photos of Taiwan Province Province.

10. Japanese fans, umbrellas, paper windows, doors, etc. -props commonly used when shooting Japanese national costumes.

1 1. Geometric modern wooden modeling props-commonly used props for taking modern photos.

12. Violin, trumpet, saxophone and other musical instruments-common props for taking pictures of musical temperament and style.

13. suitcase, old electric fan, old typewriter, etc. -Popular props for taking retro romantic photos.

14. hats, headdresses, etc. Various shapes-commonly used modeling props when taking artistic photos of girls.

15. Other personalized props, etc. -Used when taking photos of other special projects.

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