Detailed information of the sixteen countries in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the situation at that time, specific

After the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Han regime retreated to Jiangdong. In 3 17 AD, Si Marui, the imperial clan of the Jin Dynasty, who was guarding Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), rebuilt the Jin Dynasty in the south of the Yangtze River, which was called the Eastern Jin Dynasty in history. The Eastern Jin regime maintained a long-term local rule and was replaced by the established Song in 420 AD. * * * Enjoy the country 103, and continue for four generations 1 1 emperor.

The Eastern Jin Dynasty was the heyday of the political development of the gate valve, and the imperial power declined. Si Marui's claim to the throne depended on the support of southern bureaucrats. At the beginning of the establishment of the Eastern Jin regime, the rebellions in Wang Dun and Su Jun were put down successively, and the rule tended to be stable. Wang, Xie, Yu and Huan successively ruled the political situation of the dynasty.

Zu Ti, a southern gentry, led the Northern Expedition and once recovered the Yellow River basin. After that, the ruling gentry flaunted the Northern Expedition to increase their prestige, among which Huan Wen's three northern expeditions were the most famous. Luoyang was recovered, entered the customs and marched into Hebei, but failed to consolidate the achievements of the Northern Expedition. In 383 AD, the former Qin Dynasty went south, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty faced an unprecedented threat. Under the management of Prime Minister Xie An, Xie Shi and Xie Xuan led the northern government soldiers to defeat the former Qin army and won a decisive victory in the battle of Feishui. Since then, due to the elimination of the threat of external chaos, civil war broke out in the south, and Sun En and Lu Xun rose up. Huan Xuan won the civil war and once usurped King. Emperor Wu of song, the general of the northern government, established his prestige by fighting the peasant army through the northern expedition, and finally replaced the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

The rulers of the Eastern Jin Dynasty had no intention of restoring the Central Plains, and the aristocratic families devoted themselves to the manor management in the south. The migration of northern clans and a large number of Han people to the south of the Yangtze River brought advanced production technology to the south. Farmers from the north and indigenous farmers from the south worked hard to open up the vast Shan Ye in the south, which promoted the development of the south of the Yangtze River and made the economic center of China begin to shift from the Yellow River basin to the Yangtze River basin.

At the same time, the northern part of China fell into a melee, and the Yellow River valley became the battlefield of the "five lakes" national warlords such as Xiongnu, Anta, Xianbei, Bianyi and Qiang. The leaders of Hu ethnic groups established political power one after another, and confronted the Eastern Jin and Han regimes for a long time, which was called "Five Hu Sixteen Countries" in history. From 304 AD, Liu Yuan, a Xiongnu aristocrat, established the Han State, to 365,438+06 years, the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed, and the North was unified in 439. During the 65,438+000 years, the northern nationalities fought for years, and successively established Zhao Qian (Xiongnu), Houzhao (Jie), Yan Qian (Xianbei), Liang Qian (Han nationality) and Qianqin (Qianqin). During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, in addition to the Sixteen Kingdoms, there were five regimes, namely Wei, Ding and Wudu Bianshuai Yang, which were established by Ran Min, Xiyan and Xianbei Tuoba, which were established by Xianbei Murong, with a total of 2 1 regime. Among the above regimes, the post-Zhao, Yan Qian and the former Qin all occupied most of the northern territory, especially the former Qin basically unified the north, but for a short time. For more than a hundred years, the war in the north has basically never stopped.