A Paraguayan military plane crashed, causing 7 deaths 1 injuries. What are the factors that usually lead to airplane accidents?

With the continuous improvement of machinery manufacturing, assembly technology, instrumentation and other technologies, the safety and automatic flight level of aircraft itself have been significantly improved, and flight accidents caused by aircraft mechanical failures and instrument instructions have gradually decreased. However, although the overall incidence of aircraft accidents and the incidence of aircraft accidents induced by human factors are declining, human-induced aircraft accidents still occur from time to time, and the proportion of relative mechanical failures is gradually increasing. According to the investigation of flight accidents in the new century, the proportion of flight accidents induced by human error is as high as 70%-80%, which is more fatal and terrible than that caused by aircraft mechanical failure.

Despite the rapid development of aircraft design and manufacturing quality, equipment failures still account for 20% of aircraft accidents. Today's aircraft engines are obviously much more reliable than half a century ago, but catastrophic failures still occur from time to time. Sometimes, the introduction of new technology will lead to new fault types. In 1950s, a jet plane flying at high altitude with sealed pressurized cabin brought a brand-new problem-metal fatigue caused by fuselage pressurization cycle. Several serious air crashes caused by this problem led to the final grounding of Comet haviland.

With the continuous improvement of aircraft performance and reliability, the proportion of pilots' errors leading to crashes has gradually increased, accounting for about 50% at present. Aircraft is a very complicated machine, which needs a lot of operation. Because pilots must actively participate in every step of flight, there are many mistakes, from programming errors of flight management computer system to incorrect calculation of necessary fuel consumption. Although such a mistake is regrettable, it should be clear that the pilot is the last line of defense when a catastrophic mistake occurs.

The rest of the air crashes were caused by other types of human errors, including those caused by air traffic controllers, dispatchers, stevedores, fuel stevedores or maintenance engineers. Sometimes, after working for a long time, maintenance engineers will make potentially catastrophic mistakes. For example, 1990, the windshield of a British Airways plane fell off and almost killed the captain of the flight. According to the report of the air crash investigation bureau, the 90 safety bolts of this windshield are almost? Less than the standard diameter. . When replacing the windshield, the maintenance engineer did not use the standard screws according to the maintenance manual, but found the wrong thinner screws. Because of poor sleep, engineers can't concentrate during maintenance, and there are problems with their reason and judgment. ?

Mechanical flight accidents are also common causes of flight accidents. Mechanical flight accident refers to the failure caused by mechanical quality, use and maintenance during the whole flight from the plane to the designated position, resulting in casualties and aircraft damage. This kind of accident accounts for about 15% ~ 30% of the total number of flight accidents, and the losses caused are second only to human factors, and it is also an important prevention object in aviation safety work.