What influence did the natural geographical environment and city-state system of ancient Greece have on Greek civilization?

As we all know, modern western civilization evolved independently from ancient Greek and Roman civilization through medieval Christianity to modern industrial civilization. Greek civilization and Roman civilization were isomorphic to form ancient western civilization. Greek civilization was the cradle of western civilization, while Rome was the successor of Greek civilization and the ruler of ancient western civilization, which provided liberation flags and ideological weapons for the new bourgeoisie to launch revolution.

Western civilization, People often call it blue marine civilization, which is characterized by commodity economy in economy and parliamentary system in politics. The marine civilization with this feature first appeared in the Greek peninsula, so the Greek peninsula became the birthplace of western civilization. Later western civilization inherited many factors of Greek civilization in many aspects, so Greek civilization became the cradle of western civilization.

Ancient Greece was much bigger than Greece today. The geographical scope of ancient Greece is centered on the Greek Peninsula, including the Aegean Sea in the east and the Ionian Sea in the west, as well as today's southwestern coast of Turkey, southern Italy and the eastern coast of Silesia Island. The natural geographical environment of Greece is obviously different from that of the ancient East. Greece has mountainous terrain and many islands. The desolate hillside divides the plain into small pieces, and the land is only suitable for growing grapes and olives, so the food cannot be self-sufficient. However, the coastline is long, the islands are densely populated and there are many good ports. Under the conditions of transportation and communication on land and its difficulties, the ocean became the main transportation line at that time.

The geographical environment of Greece had a great influence on the development of Greek civilization. Small plains formed many small and sparsely populated city-states in Greece, which were located in places with relatively fertile soil or convenient transportation, thus attracting more immigrants and becoming the main cities in this area. Many small city-states were formed in this way and were relatively isolated from each other. But the vigorous developer. The Greek plain is less

barren, and the food can't be self-sufficient. It is decided that only through commercial trade can they survive and develop, and they can exchange their own grapes

wine and olive oil for food and other daily necessities. For Greece, this trade can only be overseas trade, with a long coastline

densely populated islands and many good ports. It also provides the most convenient conditions for this kind of industrial and commercial maritime trade. Commercial maritime trade must be based on the principle of equal

exchange, and the development of commercial trade requires a free environment and policies that take into account the overall interests of commercial traders. All these are

conducive to the formation of the ancient Greeks' concept of equality and the establishment of democratic politics.

Sunshine, sea, And the islands are a gift from God to the Greeks. Once the small city-state with few people could not bear the burden due to the increase of population, the Greeks used the winding coast and natural excellent ports to establish colonies overseas. Frequent maritime trade activities made the Greeks develop their national character of being brave in pioneering and good at seeking, and this risky occupation also tempered their spirit of not being afraid of violence, and the mobility of their profession made them well informed. The demand for freedom is also stronger.

Roman civilization is the continuation of Greek civilization. Rome is located in the Apennine Peninsula of the Mediterranean, and its agricultural conditions are better than those of Greece. In the course of historical development, the Romans continued to expand their territory. With a series of conquest and expansion activities, Rome put the whole of Greece under its rule. Established an empire including the whole Mediterranean and Britain. As the successor of Greek civilization and an empire surrounding the sea, Roman civilization basically maintained the characteristics of Greek civilization, with more commodity economy components and a parliamentary political system.

The Greek peninsula is the birthplace of western civilization, Greece is the cradle of western civilization, Rome is the successor of Greek civilization and the ruler of the western world, and Greek and Roman civilizations * * * are isomorphic into ancient western civilization.