Apart from the frugality of the rulers, what are the reasons for the formation of China's ancient "prosperous times"?

The so-called "prosperous time" is a period of relatively stable social order, relatively clear politics and prosperous economy in a certain era. In the ancient history of China, there were several dynasties, such as "Prosperity", "Governing the World" and "Revival". But the most typical ones are the prosperous times of the Western Han Dynasty, the prosperous times of the Tang Dynasty and the prosperous times of Kang Yong Gan. The prosperous period of the Western Han Dynasty was from the "rule of cultural scene" in the early Han Dynasty to the "unification" of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The prosperous period of Tang Dynasty includes the "Zhenguan Rule" in the early Tang Dynasty and the "Kaiyuan Prosperity" in the middle period. The three prosperous times all lasted for more than a century, which played an important role in the long feudal society of China. The main reason is that,

First of all, the rulers attach importance to agricultural production.

Agriculture occupies an important position in feudal society and is the main department of feudal economy. Rulers attach importance to agriculture, and the ideas of "agriculture-oriented" and "building the country through agriculture" are their guiding ideology. After Emperor Wendi ascended the throne, he repeatedly issued orders to persuade farmers to teach mulberry, set up fields such as three elders and filial piety according to the proportion of household registration, and give rewards to encourage farmers to develop production. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the construction of Beitang was very common, and a large-scale Yellow River regulation project was implemented, and famous water conservancy projects, such as Liufuqu, Baiqu and Longshou Canal, were established, which achieved good results. In the Tang Dynasty, full-time officials were set up to manage water conservancy and vigorously build farmland water conservancy facilities. Water conservancy projects built in various places exceeded the sum of the Six Dynasties, which improved agricultural production conditions. In the Kaiyuan period, with the development of land, many "mountains were cut and the mountains were full". In the early Qing dynasty, in order to resume agricultural production, it was ordered to stop occupying land and extend the tax-free time of land reclamation; The land system of "renamed farmland" was implemented, and the farmland owned by the royal family and the government in the Ming Dynasty was distributed to farmers for cultivation, and all the ownerless wasteland reclaimed by farmers was owned by farmers; He also immigrated to the northwest to open up wasteland and implemented the "substitute farmland law"; Vigorously promote the cultivation of cash crops such as corn, peanuts and sweet potatoes, and the grain output has increased rapidly. In the sixty years of Kangxi (172 1), the cultivated area increased from 29 billion mu in Shunzhi period to 73 billion mu. These measures are conducive to promoting social and economic prosperity.

Second, draw lessons from past dynasties and pay attention to reducing the burden on the people.

The rulers in the "prosperous times" were more concerned about the resources of the people, and did not easily levy corvees, nor did they pay attention to the thin taxes to let the people recuperate. Wendi repeatedly "except rent and half tax", once reduced the rent rate to 30 tax, which later became the custom of Han Dynasty. On the basis of the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty insisted on light taxation, and the Qing Dynasty implemented the taxation system of "spreading land into mu" and "combining land with field". China abolished the poll tax system, which lightened the production burden of farmers, facilitated the development of agricultural production and ensured the national tax revenue.

Third, legal norms play an important role in society.

On the basis of inheriting the previous generation's ruling experience, the three generations maintained social stability by implementing legislation. In the early Han Dynasty, the rulers insisted on the idea of "rewarding and punishing with faith" and advocated strict law enforcement. Even the emperor only has the power to "enforce the law" and cannot break the law. Emperor Wen abolished corporal punishment and reformed the criminal system to reflect "moral politics". The laws formulated by Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty are based on Confucian ethics. He once said: "The national law is not the law of the emperor's family, but the law that the whole world must abide by, so everything must be based on the law." The three generations adjusted laws and policies in time, which safeguarded fairness and justice to a certain extent, ensured the long-term stability of society, ensured that officials performed their duties and ordinary people enjoyed their work, and provided a guarantee for the emergence of "prosperous times".

Fourth, the emperor's hard work

The emergence of "prosperous times" cannot be separated from the efforts of some emperors. Most of the three generations of monarchs are diligent, love the people, practice economy, open-minded and open-minded. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty abolished the laws of "slander" and "heresy" and encouraged ministers to "supervise" and persuade their words and deeds. Emperor Taizong was even more observant. He fully realized that "a king is like a stone, a good minister is like a craftsman, and only then can beautiful jade be produced". He humbly adopted the progressive words of ministers, made proper appointments and listened to opinions with an open mind. Before and after Wei Zhi's suggestion, "more than two hundred things, hundreds of thousands of words" was passed down as a beautiful talk. Emperor Kangxi listened to politics through the imperial gate, discussed national politics, and fully understood the talents, morality, even temperament and life of ministers. These measures have created an atmosphere of political clarity and ensured the formulation and implementation of more enlightened and correct political, economic and ethnic policies.