An Overview of Japanese Overseas Chinese Living in China

Overseas Chinese in China refers to the Japanese who were abandoned in Chinese mainland when the Japanese army retreated from Chinese mainland in 1945. Chinese mainland called France an orphan of Japan. After 1993, Japanese names were: Returnee from China, Studying in Japan, Studying in China, Studying in China, etc.

The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare defines Japanese under 13 years old who were adopted by China people when the Japanese army retreated from Chinese mainland as orphans, but regards those Japanese women over 13 years old who entered northeast China for survival or voluntarily as staying in Manchuria according to their own wishes, thus depriving the remaining women of their Japanese nationality and not being included in the aid for returning home. From 1945 to 1993 48 years later, this difference was finally eliminated, and orphans and left-behind women were taken as the aid targets for returning to China, collectively referred to as "Japanese returnees".

The Japanese government divides Japanese orphans into two categories, namely "Japanese orphans" and "China orphans". The former refers to those who have Japanese nationality now, but came to Chinese mainland and settled in Chinese mainland before September 2, 1945, and have Japanese nationality before September 2, 1945; Or my parents came to Chinese mainland before September 2nd. 1945, I was born and settled in Chinese mainland, and I still have Japanese nationality. The latter refers to those who had Japanese nationality before1September 2, 945 and now have China nationality, and who came to Chinese mainland and settled in Chinese mainland before1September 2, 945; Or my parents came to Chinese mainland before September 2nd. 1945, I was born and raised in Chinese mainland, and now I have China nationality.

Most of the overseas Chinese in Japan are members of Japan's national immigration plan, and they are still alive: the total number exceeds 4,000, and most of them are abandoned in Manchuria and Inner Mongolia.

Disabled women refer to women among Japanese orphans, mainly composed of Japanese pioneers' wives and daughters, female students and mainland brides sent from Japan to Manchuria. In order to stabilize immigration, the Japanese government sent young girls from all over Japan to Manchuria after short-term training. They are the main members of left-behind women. Because most of their husbands and relatives committed suicide, died of war and illness. Most of them entered the local families voluntarily or for survival, and made northeast Chinese mainland their home. Later, some of them returned to China.

1On August 9, 945, the Soviet Red Army quickly entered Manchukuo, and the Japanese government gave up its obligation to protect overseas Chinese in Japan. The overseas Chinese in Japan who lacked military protection were forced to retreat urgently and gathered in Dalian and Dandong in order to return home by boat, resulting in millions of fleeing troops. According to the survey, the vast majority of overseas Chinese in Japan were left behind when the pioneer group retreated. Especially the pioneers scattered in Jilin and Heilongjiang (mostly women, children, the elderly and the weak).

The main reason for the remaining problems is the result of Japan's national policy immigration.