We want to do the Minnan folk custom handwritten newspaper, kneeling for information, urgent urgent!

1. Festivals, Folk Songs and Dialects

At the beginning of the Spring Festival and the new year, Vientiane is renewed, and ceremonies are generally held in Fujian and Taiwan. Every household puts up new Spring Festival couplets, symbolizing the renewal of the chronological order and the spring of all things. Men and women, old and young, dressed in new clothes, set up fast fruit, tea wine and New Year's rice to worship heaven and earth, family gods and ancestors. For breakfast, eat more longevity noodles (noodles) or rice cakes, which means "long life" and "rising year by year". After the meal, a little long sequence of worship, worship the ancestral temple and elders, relatives and friends congratulate each other and say auspicious words. Most of the elders should give the younger generation lucky money. Hakka, with fructose, tangerine, melon seeds, betel nut, etc., one product will do. At the same time as New Year's greetings, there is also the custom of traveling, that is, wearing new clothes, going to a temple to burn incense and kowtow, and praying for the blessing of Bodhisattva. On the first day of the lunar new year, killing, eating porridge, eating fragrant potatoes, cleaning feces, crying, taking medicine, breaking things, etc. are generally avoided in order to have a good year. Since the Ming Dynasty, Fujian has the custom of going to the grave during the Spring Festival, especially on the second and third days of the second year, most of Huamen's giant surnames sweep their ancestral graves with their young and old. The fourth day of the first month is the extension day. The body you are connected to generally refers to the family gods such as Kitchen God and Kitchen Mother. The fifth day is a fake opening day, and the cannon is opened. Putian, Xianyou and other places set the fifth day as "being older". It is said that on New Year's Eve in the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese raided, burned and plundered. After the enemy was driven out on the second day of the second day, the refugees returned at a rate. On the second day and the third day, every household is busy collecting the bodies of their loved ones for funerals and has no intention of visiting New Year's greetings. Therefore, it is agreed that the second day of the next day will be the day when each family will pay homage to the victims, instead of visiting each other to pay New Year's greetings. On the fourth and fifth days, they will make up for the New Year's holiday. Therefore, in the future, Puxian area will make up for the New Year every year on the fourth night of the fourth day, and then on the fifth day of the fifth day.

Folk songs in Minnan dialect refer to folk songs sung in Minnan dialect, which are widely spread in Fujian and Taiwan, and form various styles and characteristics with the differences in regional environment, living habits and historical changes. According to their style differences, Minnan folk songs are mainly divided into Quanzhou and Zhangzhou in Fujian. In Quanzhou area, folk songs are greatly influenced by Nanqu, including the ancient scales that change from palace to palace, and the melody is in a steady progressive and winding linear rhythm with a slightly slower middle speed, which has the characteristics of elegance. The folk songs in Zhangzhou area are mostly in modes with simple colors. Local brocade songs and dramas also have a profound influence on folk songs. For example, Zhangzhou Opera Song and Zasui Tune are closely related in tone, forming a contrast between feather Shang and Shang tone and melody tone, with bright colors.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people from Quanzhou and Zhangzhou immigrated to Taiwan Province in large numbers, bringing with them a large number of Minnan local music with strong local characteristics. With the spread of immigrants, local tunes have been formed, such as Taibei tune, Tainan tune, Zhanghua tune, Hengchun tune and Yilan tune. Nevertheless, these folk songs still have the local flavor of southern Fujian, and Taiwan Province scholars collectively call them Fulao folk songs. Fulao folk songs have been enriched and developed in various places. For example, after entering Hengchun, Fulao folk songs were influenced by Hakka, and they created folk songs such as Thoughts, Four Seasons Spring, Three Disappointments and Oxtail Pendulum. After entering Taipei, he created Taipei Tune, Fat Boy Feet Tune and Long Jia Cry Tune. In addition, after some ancient Minnan folk songs spread to Taiwan Province, after several generations of processing, they formed quite perfect tunes. Taiwan Province's Minnan dialect folk songs are mainly progressive in melody, exquisite and beautiful, simple and fluent, catchy, cordial and touching. The singing content of Minnan folk songs covers a wide range, including nursery rhymes, love songs, narrative songs, sacrificial songs, labor songs and so on.

Minnan dialect was formed and developed in southern Fujian. It was mainly formed after people from the northern Central Plains migrated to the south for many times in different historical periods to avoid war, counter war or escape from famine. In the process of communication and integration between the Central Plains and local indigenous languages, Central Plains Chinese has an absolute advantage, which is a fusion of indigenous languages. Although it also absorbs some components of indigenous languages, it finally forms Minnan dialect with Chinese as the main body.

in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, with Zheng Chenggong leading Fujian and Hakka people into Taiwan, Minnan dialect became the most important language in Taiwan Province. In terms of domestic distribution, Minnan dialect can be divided into five parts: local Minnan dialect, Taiwan Province Minnan dialect, Chaoshan Minnan dialect, Qionglei Minnan dialect and Zhejiang Minnan dialect. Due to the influence of other dialects in the region and the passage of time, the five major Minnan dialects are slightly different, among which Minnan dialect and Taiwan Province dialect are the closest, and there is almost no difference. About 75% people in Taiwan speak Minnan dialect. Secondly, Hakka dialect and mountain dialect.

second, residence, marriage customs and ancestor worship

the building structure in southern Fujian is generally the main hall with the highest roof, centering on the courtyard of the second and third entrances, with the lateral combination and symmetry on both sides, and strip-shaped guardrails are arranged to develop to both sides respectively. The big room on the left and the second room on the right. The back of the left and right houses is slightly lower. The house built by the extension of the main hall is like a winding dragon, so it is called "encircling the dragon". This kind of horizontal combination of protective houses is most suitable for the hot climate conditions along the coast of southern Fujian. Among the residential houses in Quanzhou towns, there is also a small house with a long and narrow longitudinal layout, which is commonly called "towel" because it looks like a long towel. There is another kind of "arcade-style" residence in Xiamen. Its houses are low and small, with many doors, and flat houses on the top, so people can walk. Hui 'an and other places are rich in granite, and most of them are completely stone-structured houses built of granite, which have unique technology and unique style and become an important part of Minnan culture.

The unique style of Minnan folk houses is especially reflected in the roof. The two ends of the main ridge are like a swallow house flying up, and the middle is low and flat, which shows the traditional meaning of the curved roof in Song Dynasty. The doors of Minnan folk houses are also quite elegant, and they must be centered, and go far and deep, forming a hall, resulting in a larger void level and increasing the physical changes of the building.

in the wedding customs in southern Fujian, there is a custom of tying red silk thread in the whole wedding process. This custom, as a mascot, runs through the whole wedding process because of its beautiful meaning of "being United as one, growing old together".

The first use of red silk thread is when proposing marriage. In the accompanying meeting ceremony, the man should tie it up with a red silk thread outside the package, and it can also be replaced by a red line. When entering the woman's house, put it in a prominent position in the hall to show good luck. When both parties are satisfied with the marriage, the next step is to choose the wedding date, commonly known as "choosing a date". "Choosing a date" means that the man chooses a relative who is respected and trusted by both sides as an envoy, so as to prevent the woman from not showing the girl's "birthdates". After writing "birthdates", it should be wrapped in a piece of red paper with a red silk thread inside, so that the man can bring back the meaning of "matching the time of birth and choosing the day" to tie the knot.

On the wedding day, both parties should tie a little red silk thread and a little red paper on many gifts given to each other. Such as motorcycles and refrigerators, as small as a pair of scissors; From fresh foods such as fish, meat and noodles to gift boxes containing biscuits, candy, cigarettes and other dried fruit non-staple foods; Even all gifts given by both parties, including small and large red envelopes, should be serious and unambiguous.

When getting married and holding a happy event, in addition to putting up wedding couplets, the halls of both sides should also put up decorations made of red stripes and red silk thread and put them on the doorbrows of the halls and new houses for good luck, which is really a veritable "tie of thousands of miles".

according to the spread of folk stories, there has been a "thousand miles of marriage" since ancient times. There is an old man who is in charge of marriage. It is predestined that only a red line will trip the feet of these two people. With your two families separated by the sea and the country, there will be a chance to be husband and wife after all. If the old man doesn't have to be tied with a red line under the moon, he can't be together again. Today, the custom of tying red silk thread, such as that preserved in southern Fujian, is rare.

On the third day of the third lunar month, there is an old custom of honoring ancestors in Minnan and Taiwan Province, which is called "March Festival". When honoring ancestors, people should first worship their ancestors in ancestral halls or at home before going up the mountain to sweep their graves. After arriving at the cemetery, they should first worship the "land god". Then, they should press paper on the ancestral graves to make sacrifices, fill the graves and paint them with red ink to show that their children and grandchildren will not be able to do so. Taiwan Province compatriots brought their ancestral customs to the other side of the Taiwan Strait, and they are still following them today.

Clothing:

Friends or friends' relatives are not allowed to wear red, flowery or colorful clothes at the funeral.

don't put clothes on your body for mending.

don't wear clothes directly after they are dried and not put in place.

avoid dressing backwards.

When raising silkworms, you should say "fairy" instead of "only".

Eating:

When visiting the fisherman's house, don't turn the fish over when eating.

don't use chopsticks to cut the broken line when celebrating your birthday.

When steamed cakes and steamed cakes are made during the Chinese New Year holidays, it is forbidden for children or other people to point at the stove, talk loudly or guess "fat" and "not fat".

Pregnant women are forbidden to eat ginger, crab and rabbit.

don't put chopsticks in your rice bowl.

children should not knock on the bowl with chopsticks when eating or before eating.

Stay:

Don't wash your face before going to bed.

Gaicuo taboo: "Behind the ancestral temple in front of the palace".

the mirror should not be facing the bed.

the bed should not be placed under the top cabinet, beam or lighting.

OK:

It's really unlucky to have bird droppings fall on your head when you go out. If you are unfortunate, you must quickly change your luck to eliminate the disaster: eat a bowl of pork knuckle noodles.

When going out to enjoy the moon, children should avoid using their fingers to avoid having their ears cut off at night.

Gifts:

Do not give people towels, fans, scissors or umbrellas.

The word "towel" and "root" in Quanzhou dialect are homonyms. As the saying goes, "The towel is now cut off". After the funeral, the mourners should be given a towel, which is intended to "cut off" contacts between the mourners and the deceased. Therefore, if you give someone a towel at ordinary times, you can't help but think of unlucky funeral or breaking off diplomatic relations.

fans are only cooled in summer, and they are discarded in late autumn. In Quanzhou dialect, "fan" and "see" are pronounced together. As the saying goes, "send a fan, no meeting", so "fan" is forbidden as a gift.

scissors always remind people of "make a clean break" and "make a clean break", which not only means breaking off diplomatic relations between the giver and the recipient, but also cannot be used as a gift.

In some places in the north, it is forbidden to send bells because of the homonym of "bell" and "final". Quanzhou people do not have this taboo. In the past, when people got married, they often put the clocks given by others in quite conspicuous places. Except

; Umbrellas are also not suitable as gifts. "Umbrella" and "San" are homophones in Quanzhou dialect.