Under what historical background did Gandhi put forward the plan of non-violence and non-cooperation

19 19 March 18, the colonial authorities issued a bill to suppress the Indian national movement headed by British judge Rowlatt. The bill gives the governor special power to arrest and search people suspected of subversion, imprison them without trial, and the arrested people are not allowed to ask lawyers to defend them, thus arousing protests from people from all walks of life in India and launching a large-scale anti-British struggle.

Since March 30, strikes, mass rallies and demonstrations have been held in Delhi and major cities across the country, demanding the withdrawal of this bill. In order to put out the large-scale protests that swept through India, British imperialism carried out a bloody massacre of 20,000 people in Amritsar, Punjab Province on April 13, 2003. Killed on the spot 1200 people, injured more than 2000 people. India was shocked all over the country, and the anti-imperialist struggle rose further. In Punjab, people burned government offices and buildings and clashed with the police, which spread to 50 cities and regions in two days.

Workers' strikes and rural unrest have gone beyond the principle of non-violence advocated by Gandhi, the movement leader and president of the National Congress Party. Due to Gandhi's order to stop it, the masses' anti-imperialist struggle temporarily subsided on April 18.

1920 In March, the colonial government announced the investigation results of Amritsar incident, excusing the commander who caused this tragedy. This has once again caused great dissatisfaction among the Indian people. 1920 in the first half of the year, workers went on strike 1200 times, and the number of participants1500,000. The biggest one was the general strike of 200,000 textile workers in Mumbai, which lasted for more than 1 month.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/920, the congress party passed Gandhi's plan of non-violence and non-cooperation, stipulating that all Indians refused the official titles issued by the British government; Refusing to work in the courts and the government; Do not enter schools run by the British and boycott British goods; General tax resistance, and so on.

Since then, India has launched a wide-ranging non-cooperation movement, boycotting the parliamentary elections held in June 1920 and the central legislative meeting in February192/kloc-0. The colonial authorities severely suppressed it. From 192 1,1to 1922, 19498 political prisoners were brought to court, and 15337 of them were sentenced.