Humanistic history of Longtan in Lianzhou

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Lianzhou belonged to the Chu region of South Vietnam, and in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), it was established as Guiyang County. Lianzhou was established in the tenth year of Sui Dynasty (AD 590), which was named after Lianshui.

In the first year of the Republic of China, Feizhou County was renamed as Lianzhou County, and the Guangdong provincial government moved to Lianzhou in 1938, which made Lianzhou once prosperous and was known as "Little Guangzhou".

1in April, 994, the State Council approved the revocation of Lian County and the establishment of Lianzhou City, which opened a new era of Lianzhou.

In the 10th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (590), Lianzhou was named after Huanglianling.

Lianzhou has a long history.

The Three Dynasties (Xia, Shang and Zhou) belonged to Jingzhou, and the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Dynasties belonged to Chu and Qin (22 BC1-

206 BC) belongs to Changsha County.

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), a county named Guiyang County was established, including Lianzhou, Liannan and Lianshan.

Guiyang is named for two reasons.

It is said that there is Guiyang Mountain in the west, so it is named Guiyang.

Second, Guishui originated in Daluoling (the boundary mountain between Lianzhou and Lanshan County) and flowed northward. In ancient times, there was water in the north as yang, hence the name.

It belongs to Changsha, Wu Rui.

The silk map of Emperor Wendi of the Western Han Dynasty unearthed in Mawangdui, Changsha, is marked "Guiyang County Ruling".

In the sixth year of Ding Yuan (1 1 1), Guiyang County was established in the land of southern Hunan and northern Guangdong, and the county (city) was subordinate to Guiyang County.

Since then, after the Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty and the Qi Dynasty, the organizational system of Guiyang County has not changed, but the subordinate relationship has changed slightly; In the Three Kingdoms, Wu belonged to Shixing County, and Jin was the same as Wu.

Emperor Gaozu of the Southern Song Dynasty (420-422) established Xiaogui County and ruled Guiyang.

In the sixth year of Taishi (470), Gangxi County (now northwest of Lianzhou City) was juxtaposed with Song 'an County, and Guo was subordinate to Guiyang, leading the four counties of Guiyang, Hanguang, Yangshan and Gangxi.

In the first year of Yu Tai (472), Song 'an County was abolished, and Shixing County was changed to Guangxing County, which was a county (city).

Nanqi was renamed Shixing County, and Guiyang County was located in Xiping County (renamed Xiping County in Sui Dynasty, in the north of Lianshan County today), belonging to Shixing County.

Tian Liang spent seven years in prison (508 years). He settled in Hengzhou and Yangshan County of Han Yan, and Yangshan County ruled Han Yan.

Chen Nan is responsible for this.

Sui dynasty (581-618) opened the emperor for nine years (589) and Sui dynasty established Lianzhou in this county (city) for ten years.

There are four reasons for Lianzhou's name: ① Huanglianling (now Lianshan) in Lianzhou is rich in coptis chinensis, which is named after things.

(2) Lianzhou mountains are undulating and dangerous on three sides, and there is a ring of water. Therefore, there is a saying that "even Wanshan is a mountain and more water is a water", which is named after the mountains and rivers.

(3) Lianzhou lead-tin mine is rich in resources. There is an old saying that "lead is not refined, but even", which is named after minerals.

4. Lianzhou is surrounded by mountains and rivers, but the traffic is blocked and people are eager for smooth traffic.

The word "Lian" means the merger of vehicles and ships, so it is named because of its will.

Leading Guiyang and Guangze counties.

In the early years of the Great Cause (605), the state abandoned it and set up Xiping County in the state (city) to govern Guiyang (including today's Lianzhou City and Liannan County, the same below), Lianshan, Yangshan, Le Xuan (renamed Liangle County, south of today's Yangshan County), You 'an (so it was ruled in the west of Huaiji County) and Xiping (so it was ruled in the northwest of Lianshan County).

In the fourth year of Tang Wude (62 1), Lianzhou was restored; In the first year of Tianbao (742), Lianzhou was changed to Lianshan County; In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), it was renamed Lianzhou, which only governed Guiyang, Lianshan and Yangshan counties.

In the third year of Guanghua in the late Tang Dynasty (900) to the Five Dynasties, it was attributed to Ma Chu.

After nine years of dry peace (95 1), it was changed to Nanhan.

From then on to the Song Dynasty, the names of counties in Lianzhou and Guiyang did not change.

The ownership of noodles has changed several times: Jiangnan West Road in Zhenguan, Lingnan Road in Tianbao, Hunan Road after Gan Yuan, Guangzhou in Dali and Guangnan East Road in Song Dynasty.

In the 13th year of Zhiyuan (1276), Yuan soldiers went to Lingnan.

At the beginning, the appeasement department was established in Lianshan, and Zhili was a big calligraphy province.

In seventeen years, the appeasement department was abolished, promoted to Lianzhou Road Governor's Office, and transferred to Hunan Daoxuan Government Office.

In nineteen years, it became a state of diaspora.

At that time, Lianzhou moved out of Guiyang County and moved to Lianshan, leading Lianshan County.

At the same time, Guiyang county was promoted to a scattered state, called Guiyang state, which was in charge of Guiyang and Yangshan counties.

During the Dade period (1297— 1307), Guiyang and Lianzhou were once placed under Yingde Road in Guangdong.

In March of the second year of Ming Hongwu (1369), Guiyang Province entered Lianzhou; In April, Lianzhou was abolished as Lianshan County and Shao was changed as the state capital.

In September of the third year of Ming Hongwu, Gelianshan merged into Yangshan, which belonged to guangzhou fu.

In November of 13th year, Lianzhou moved to Guiyang.

In April of 14th year, he took Lianshan and Yangshan counties and moved to guangzhou fu.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Lianzhou still belonged to guangzhou fu.

From the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370), Lianzhou became the only local government in 1 state and 15 counties under the jurisdiction of guangzhou fu.

It lasted for 359 years.

In the seventh year of Yongzheng (1729), it was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, directly under the Chief Secretary of Guangdong Province, and its jurisdiction remained unchanged.

In the twenty-first year of Jiaqing (18 16), Lianshan was promoted to Suiyao Zhili Hall, and Lianzhou only led Yangshan.

In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), in August, Lianzhou peasant rebels cooperated with Taiping rebels, captured sanjiang town, entered Lianzhou City, changed Lianzhou to Xiping Prefecture, and chased the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom for about half a year.

In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the abandoned state was a county, and Lianzhou was renamed Lianxian.

As can be seen from the above evolution, from the third year of the Tang Dynasty (768) to the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), it was under the jurisdiction of guangzhou fu for more than 500 years, which became a historical factor for Lianzhou to be called "Little Guangzhou".

Like counties in northern Guangdong, it has successively been subordinate to Nanshaolian Road, Beijiang Rehabilitation Committee Office and Northwest appeasement Committee Office.

In the meantime, in the Republic of China 17 (1928), eight rows of twenty-four rushes (including five rows in Lianshan and three rows in Lianshan) inhabited by Yao people were drawn from three counties, and the Yanglianhua Key Bureau was established, which was directly under the jurisdiction of the provincial government (in the Republic of China, it was renamed Yang Lian Anhua Department; Liannan County was formally established in 35 years.

During the Anti-Japanese War, the Guangdong provincial government moved to Lianyuan in the Republic of China, and all walks of life flourished. It was once the political, economic, cultural and military center of Guangdong Province, and was called "Little Guangzhou" in northern Guangdong.

In April, 38, the Fifth Administrative Inspector District of Guangdong was established in this county, which governs Lianxian, Liannan, Lianshan and Yangshan counties.

1949 65438+On February 8th, Lian County was liberated and the People's Government of Lian County was established on 20th.

Lianxian County successively belongs to Beijiang District, Peyo Administrative District, Shaoguan District and Shaoguan City.

1June, 956, nine townships belonging to Yangshan County, namely Xijiang, Chaotian, Datian, Lianhua, Pantang, Fenghuang, Shiqiao, Baisong and Gaoshan, were incorporated into the county (city).

On April 2, 1959, 12, Lianxian, Liannan, Lianshan and Yangshan were merged into Yang Lian Autonomous County, and the county government was stationed in Lianzhou Town.

1On August 24th, 960, Yangshan County resumed its original organizational system and Sanlian was renamed Lianzhou Autonomous County. The county government is still stationed in Lianzhou town. 1On March 27th, 962, Lianzhou Autonomous County was abolished, Liannan and Lianshan were restored to the original organizational system, and the territory was renamed Lianxian.

1988 1 month, Qingyuan city (prefecture level) was established, and on February 28th of that year, Lian county was placed under the jurisdiction of Qingyuan city.

1On April 22nd, 994, with the approval of the State Council, Lian County was abolished and Lianzhou City (county-level city) was established. The listing ceremony was held on June 28th18th, which was managed by Qingyuan City.

The market name and environment of this city remain basically unchanged, and have not changed so far.

1996 The provincial government approved Lianzhou as a famous historical and cultural city.

The municipal government is located in Lianzhou Town, which is located on the east bank of Huangkuangshui (Lianjiang) at 24 37 ′ north latitude and112 27 ′ east longitude.

The municipal government is located at No.51Aimin Road.

Lianzhou has a long history, beautiful scenery and picturesque scenery, and has extremely rich tourism resources, including natural resources and human resources.

Complex geological structures have developed karst mountains, hills, terraces, river valleys, basins and other landform types, forming a unique and colorful natural landscape in Lianzhou.

Liu Yuxi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, said that Lianzhou was "not as good as Qianshan painting", while Han Yu, a great writer, praised Lianzhou as "the best landscape in the world". Zhang Wei, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, summed up eight scenic spots in Lianzhou, namely, "overlooking the Towel Peak, the evening mist at the top of the Turtle Peak, the beautiful rocks dripping with green flowers, the overlapping sacrifices of Kunming Lake, the quiet joy of the cold forest, the spring of Shuangxi, the overcast moonlight and the flying rain in Longtan".

There are many places of interest in Lianzhou, including the Three Gorges Stone Carving in Huangchuan, the Leaning Tower of Huiguang, Yanxi Pavilion, Fushan Ancient Temple, Dayundong Stone Carving, Chinese Pavilion, Shuangxi Pavilion and Zhangwei Guogong Temple.

The existing tourism resources that can be developed are: Huangchuan Three Gorges, Lianzhou Underground River, Tanling Tianhu, Dadongshan Hot Spring, Fushan Ancient Temple, folk art performances, urban cultural relics and historic sites, etc.

Lianzhou is rich in tourism resources, with high quality, large quantity, reasonable variety structure, rich traditional characteristics, large comprehensive carrier and strong plasticity.

The main features are: beautiful scenery, high caves and strange lakes, beautiful forests and waterfalls.

More distinctive is:

Huangchuan Three Gorges Stone Carving

[Huangchuan Three Gorges]

The Three Gorges in Huangchuan is the essence of the Xiaobeijiang landscape corridor, which has both the curiosity of the Yangtze River Gorge and the fairyland of the Lijiang River landscape.

On both sides of the river, there are lush forests, bamboo forests, flowers in full bloom, stalactites hanging and mountain springs surging. In autumn and winter, the river is green and crystal clear as a mirror. In spring and summer, the river is surging and the cliffs and waterfalls on both sides are magnificent.

There are five characteristics in visiting Huangchuan Three Gorges: crossing the ship lock, enjoying waterfalls, visiting the Three Gorges, seeing strange rocks and visiting historical sites.

Places to visit include: Shuangxi Pavilion, Longsuo, Longquan Waterfall, Guishan, Longquan Gorge, Tang and Song Trails, Xanadu, Prime Minister Stone, Lengcang Gorge, Ancient Stage, Yangtiao Gorge and Longgong Beach.

Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said that "the stalactites in Huangchuan are the best in the world", Han Yu, a great writer, said that "the Huangchuan Waterfall is suspended", and Shilin, a university scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said that "the Three Gorges in Huangchuan are magnificent and unique, with nine scenic spots, which are unparalleled, but the Wuxia Gorge in Wushan can be compared with the Lijiang River", and modern writers said that "Huangchuan can be compared with the Lijiang River".

Lianzhou Underground River

"Mysterious and magnificent underground river"

Lianzhou Underground River is the most mysterious and spectacular underground river in China. It is 50 ~ 60m above the ground and passes through four hills. The water surface is 4 ~ 10m wide and the water depth is 1 ~ 7m. Its main feature is that there are holes in the cave, rivers in the cave and bridges in the cave, and stalactites are "various, wonderful and colorful".

The underground river is divided into three layers: the upper fairy cave, the middle jade palace and the lower underground galaxy.

The main attractions are: ancient fort, ancient city wall, jade emperor statue, jade emperor tent, fairy bridge, fairy shrine, dinosaur fossils, Brazilian cactus, fairy bath, Guanyin at sea, Yuanyang Hanbing, Shouxing Palace, golden rooster announcing dawn, crocodile playing in water, flying elephants crossing the river and so on.

Qin Mu, a great modern writer, called it "mysterious and magnificent underground river", Yang, a famous modern writer, called it an insatiable work of art, and Yang Yingbin, a modern poet, called it "better than heaven".

Tanshan Tianhu

[Beautiful Tanling Tianhu]

Tanling Tianhu Lake is located at the edge of Nanling primeval forest, a national nature reserve, and is the largest reservoir with the highest altitude in Guangdong.

The water level is 643 meters above sea level, the lake area is 12 square kilometers, the water storage is1700,000 cubic meters, and the highway around the lake is 34 kilometers. The lake is as clear as a mirror, with many small islands, dense forests and picturesque scenery around the lake, and the peaks around the lake combine the beauty of Lushan Mountain, the grandeur of Mount Tai, the danger of Huashan Mountain and the wonder of Huangshan Mountain.

Spring is warm, summer is cool, autumn is cool and winter is cold. In spring, there is a sea of clouds. You can escape the heat in summer and enjoy the snow in winter.

Tanling Lake is also one of the birthplaces and concentrated places of plant species in southern China, with a forest coverage rate of 83.4%. In the 8000-hectare nature reserve, more than 2000 kinds of higher plants are protected, and more than 30 rare species are protected by the state.

Dadongshan Hot Spring Waterfall

[The Great Dongshan Hot Spring Waterfall with Strange Mountains and Strange Water]

Dadongshan is located in the sub-virgin forest of Longping Town. Hot spring water gushes from several gaps on the mountainside, and it is steaming all year round. The steam is like smoke, which is bicarbonate.

Picturesque Dadongshan Scenic Area

Potassium mineral spring, the spring water is odorless, nonpoisonous and tasteless, clear and transparent, the water temperature is between 40℃ and 70℃, the flow rate is 6.85 liters per second, the average daily water output is 300 tons, the flow rate is constant all the year round, the water temperature is constant, the water quality is excellent, it can be bathed and drunk, and it has special curative effect on human skin maintenance and physical therapy.

In the deep valley of the hot spring, there are three great waterfalls with a drop of 196 meters. The first level is Tianlong Waterfall, the second level is Long Ren Waterfall, and the third level is Dilong Waterfall. The most magnificent is the Long Ren Waterfall, where water rushes down from a boulder more than 50 meters high, and water droplets splash with the wind, like fog and rain, and sound like thunder.

Historical sites.

As a famous historical and cultural city in Guangdong Province, Lianzhou's ancestors left us many places of interest.

[Huiguang Tower]

As one of the oldest existing brick pagodas in China, provincial key protected cultural relics were built in Song and Qin Dynasties (AD 468). The tower is hollow, with a bucket arch structure, hexagonal plane and beautiful appearance, which has high artistic value and scientific research value.

After thousands of years of wind and rain, Huiguang Pagoda is still magnificent, but due to the change of geological structure, the original vertical pagodas have been tilted to the west1.047m, which is called "Huiguang Leaning Tower".

[Yan Xi Pavilion]

Located on the Yan Xi Mountain in Lianzhou City, it was built in the 13th year of Tang Zhenyuan (AD 797) by Wang Hongzhong, an official of the Tang Dynasty. It is a square pavilion with double eaves, then known as the banquet pavilion, where local officials hold banquets and rest.

Six years later, Han Yu went to Lianzhou to discuss the name of Yan Xi's pavilion and wrote "Yan Xi's Pavilion", and now the inscription is still standing in the pavilion.

Yan Xiting is surrounded by grotesque rocks, lush and intertwined ancient trees, and poetry and stone carvings of literati in past dynasties can be seen everywhere.

Nearby are: Liu Beiting, which was built when Liu Yuxi was demoted to Lianzhou secretariat in the Tang and Yuan Dynasties; Wolong Pavilion and Lu Zhenting were built in Song Dynasty.

[Jing Fushan]

Bao 'an Town, 20 kilometers north of Lianzhou, is the forty-ninth blessing among the 72 blessed places in Taoism (Guangdong has only two blessings), also known as "Jingfu Cold Forest".

Founded in the third year of Liang Datong in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 53 1 year), the original ancient temple has a spring, a pool, two wells and eleven halls. , and the most distinctive is the master well. Masons use a small channel carved into cursive script by a boulder as a well platform, and lead clear spring water to the first cave of Master, and follow the master's strokes and flow away in the middle of the ridge of Master's field.

Fushan is surrounded by mountains on three sides. In the mountains, cypresses, pines and cypresses compete for greenery, and bamboo is cultivated for beauty. There are many strange trees: trees in the stone, trees in the tree, trees in Kowloon, trees in the shade, and patches of osmanthus forests.

As a thousand-year-old temple, Fushan Temple is very famous within 200 kilometers of Fiona Fang, enjoying high religious status and historical and cultural value.

[Lingnan (Lianzhou) Ancient Village]

(1) The ancient village of the Beidou constellation in Ming and Qing Dynasties-Baoan Qinggang.

Qinggang ancient village is about 5 kilometers away from Lianzhou city, surrounded by green hills on three sides and fertile fields on one side. This is a land of plenty and beautiful scenery.

The layout of Qinggang Ancient Village is completely arranged according to the Beidou constellation.

The four gatehouses in the east, south, west and north are Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji and Tian Quan.

② Fengyang Ancient Village-Marshal Nan Tang's seclusion, Imperial House in Northern Song Dynasty, Zhongxing Township, and Gui Xiang's ancient commercial road in Ming and Qing Dynasties (four gatehouses, Rongyuan legacy in Southern Tang Dynasty, three ancestral temples, Fengyang cultural heritage, two ancient streets, prosperous commercial road in Ming and Qing Dynasties, a family temple, Imperial House in Northern Song Dynasty, historical features).

(3) the northeast-commercial port and ancient stone street in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

(4) Kunpi, a beautifully carved ancient village.

⑤ Shaping Ancient Village, a "civil and military scholar" village in the late Qing Dynasty.

⑥ Shuntouling (Ming and Qing Pavilion Inn of Qin Guan Han Ancient Road in Xiong Yue, Chu) is a post station on the first ancient road in Lingnan.

⑦ Shi Lan Village, a thousand-year-old village in Xi 'an Town, is a place where the descendants of Robin, one of the "Four Great Talents", thrive.

The mountain next to Zhai (called the mountain next to the village in our village dialect and Yue Rongling outside) has more footprints of General Yue Fei's anti-Japanese war.

Lianzhou's rich tourism resources are the advantages of Lianzhou's tourism industry, which can not only satisfy modern people's desire to return to simplicity and nature, but also make people feel the cultural atmosphere of "Little Guangzhou in northern Guangdong" and appreciate colorful folk arts.

Lianzhou's tourism resources are very attractive in domestic and even international tourism markets.

National custom

Lianzhou has two Yao townships with nearly 10,000 Yao people.

Lianzhou's long culture has given birth to rich and colorful folk arts and crafts with local characteristics.

Folk arts are rich and colorful, such as singing opera in the hall, carrying up the great gods, singing spring cattle, dancing dragons, dancing lions, dancing red deer, dancing the Yao nationality's long drum dance, and racing dragon boats. There are more than ten kinds of lion dances alone, which is the highest in Guangdong.

Stone carving, root carving, wood carving, paper binding, bamboo crafts, landscape bonsai and other unique crafts are tourism projects with great development potential.

culture

Human population

At the end of 2009, the registered population of the city was 5.22110,000, an increase of 3,300 over the previous year, with an increase of 6.3‰, including 269,000 males and 256,400 females.

The annual birth population was 5,900, and the birth rate was 1 1.3 1‰, up by 0.72‰ over the previous year.

There were 2,800 deaths, with a mortality rate of 5.38‰, up by 0. 1.5‰ over the previous year, and a natural growth rate of 5.92‰, up by 0.56‰ over the previous year.

[2]

nation

There are 29 ethnic groups in Lianzhou, of which the Han nationality is the main ethnic group, accounting for 98.7% of the total population, and the rest are more than 7,000 people from 28 ethnic minorities such as Yao, Zhuang, She, Hui and Yi.

Ethnic minorities are mainly Yao, with a population of more than 5,000, and are distributed in Yao 'an Yao Township and Sanshui Yao Township in Lianzhou, while other ethnic minorities have moved in sporadically.

There are more than 2,300 households in Yao 'an Township, Lianzhou City, with a total population of12,000, including 640 ethnic minorities with a total population of 3,340, most of whom are Yao, mainly distributed in six Yao village committees, including Xinjiu, Tian Xin, Yao 'an, Yaoling, Jiulong and Zi 'an.

There are 4 villagers' committees and 32 villagers' groups in Sanshui Yao Township, with a total population of 3,809 and 779 households, including Yao population 1459, accounting for 38.7% of the total population.

[2]

language

Lianzhou has a variety of languages, and there is a saying that "neighboring villages have different voices and don't talk for ten miles".

According to statistics from relevant departments, there are 26 languages in Lianzhou.

The languages currently used are: [Mandarin]

That is, Beijing pronunciation is the standard pronunciation, Beijing dialect is the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular works are grammatically standardized languages; It is the main language used in school teaching and important meetings.

Widely used in foreign exchanges.

[2]

[Cantonese] * * * has eight types, which are described as follows:

(1) Guangzhou dialect, widely used in Lianzhou, Lianzhou town, bazaars and shopping malls, is the public language of Lianzhou city.

Among them, more than 300 people in Lianzhou North Village have been using it.

(2) Sihui: Mainly distributed in Qingshui, West Bank, Northeast, Fucheng, Mabu, Longping, Xijiang and other towns, with a population of about 80,000.

(3) Huizhou dialect: It is used by some villagers such as Bao 'an Beiling, Lingzui, Liangtang, Huangcun and Qingjiang Jiangxi, with a population of more than 3,000.

(4) Nanhai vernacular: used in Huangjiadong and Xitang villages on the west bank, with a population of about 800.

(5) Chaozhou dialect: It is used by some people in Jiupi Fengchongkou Village and Baoan Xiaping Village, with a population of more than 300.

(6) Heyuan dialect: used in Xintangji and Zhangmudun villages in Jiupi, with a population of about 300.

(7) Longchuan dialect: used in Jiubeicheng village, with a population of about 200.

(8) There are Xie Wu dialect (Dongguan Nanshe), Guan Wu dialect (Nanhai Jiujiang) and Wu Dan dialect (Dongguan Shilong) in dongbei town, which are the languages used by descendants of Guangshang who moved from Dongguan and other places in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

[Hakka Dialect] The Hakka dialect in Lianzhou is mainly distributed in the southern part of the county and the border areas of Liannan and Yangshan, that is, most of the towns such as Jiupi, Longtan and Chaotian.

In addition, Lianzhou, Fucheng, Xing Zi, Long Ping, Xijiang, Baoan, Qingshui, Northeast and Yao 'an are also distributed in different degrees.

In the thirty-eighth year of the Republic of China, Lianxian Annals said: "Those who come from Hui (Zhou), Chao (Zhou), Jia (Yingzhou), Nan (Xiong), Shi (Xing) and the border areas of Guangdong and Jiangxi in this province are called Hakkas, accounting for more than 50% of the city.

According to a survey, there are about 654.38 million Hakkas in Lianzhou, accounting for about 20% of the total population.

The Hakka dialect in Lianzhou is similar to that in Liannan and Yangshan.

[Lianzhou dialect]

Lianzhou dialect is a dialect group with great internal differences. The Atlas of Chinese Language, published in the late 1980s, belongs to Shaozhou dialect in the late Ming Dynasty.

According to the actual situation, Lianzhou dialect can be divided into Xing Zi dialect, Baoan dialect, Lianzhou dialect, Xi 'an dialect, Fengyang dialect and other 10 types, which are described as follows:

(1) Xing Zi dialect: It is distributed in six towns of Xing Zi, Qingjiang, Shantang, Tanling, Dalubian and Longping in the northeast of the city, as well as some areas of Ma bu and Yao 'an towns.

With Xing Zi Town as the center, the population is about 654.38+200,000.

Xing Zi dialect has many differences in different places, but they are similar and basically conversational.

(2) Lianzhou dialect: or "Fucheng dialect", which is called "A B" by locals.

"A+24+Pi55", distributed in Lianzhou town, affiliated town, Baoan town, Longping town and Xi 'an town, with a population of about 40,000, was the main language of early Lianzhou town.

(3) Baoan dialect: It is distributed in parts of Baoan Town and Longping Town in Central China, with a population of about 30,000.

Safety word is the closest word to Xing Zi.

(4) Fengyang dialect: The local people call it "Xiaomansheng", which is distributed in parts of Fengyang Town, Zhugang, Northeast China, Yao 'an and other towns with a population of about 50,000. Fengyang dialect is close to West Coast dialect.

(5) West Coast Dialect: The local people call it "Da Man Sheng", which is mainly distributed in the west coast towns with a population of about 30,000.

(6) Baisong dialect: It is used in Dawei and Wu Li administrative districts in Chaotian, with a population of about 3,000.

(7) Chengcun dialect: used in Chengcun management area in the northeast, with a population of about 2,000.

(8) Shafang dialect: It is a complex language, which is used by Shafang Village in Fucheng with a population of more than 2,000.

(9) Wuzhou dialect: similar to Lianshan Zhuang language, it is used in Longchi Village, Qingshui, with a population of about 1 000.

(10) Yanchang dialect (abridged): used by Baoshan Grange in Xijiang, with a population of more than 200.

The above 10 dialects can hardly speak, and the difference is significant.

[Southwest Mandarin] * * * There are three types, which are described as follows:

(a) "Xiang dialect orthography" is a general term for Xiang dialect and Gan dialect.

It is used in villages such as Cormorant, Cui Xian and Meilong in Lianzhou.

(2) Shaoyang dialect is used in Shangjia Village, Zhuwu, Huanghuaping and Tanwu on the west bank, Wharf Gang in Xijiang, Shamu and Shuichongwang in Sanshui, Yuantan on the roadside and other villages.

(3) Some mountain villages bordering Yizhang, Jianghua, Lanshan and Linwu counties in Hunan also speak Linwu dialect. In addition, some citizens in Ningyuan, Leiyang, Changning, Qiyang, Yongzhou, Xintian, Jiahe, Anren and Hengyang in Jiangxi and Hunan also said.

Most of them are descendants of Chu merchants in Lianzhou and Jiangxi drug merchants, and the southwest mandarin can communicate with each other.

[Minority languages]

There are 26 ethnic minorities in Lianzhou, and Yao dialect is the main language used by ethnic minorities.

There are about 6,000 Yao people, about 3,500 in Yao 'an Yao Autonomous County, about 1.500 in Sanshui Yao Autonomous County, and about 1.000 in urban areas and some towns and villages.