Comprehensive learning activities of Chinese "drama stage" in grade seven

Kunqu Opera, also known as "Kunqu Opera" and "Kunqu Opera", is an ancient opera. Originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, it became popular after the middle of Ming Dynasty. At that time, Kunqu opera was mostly used to sing legendary dramas. In addition to maintaining the characteristics of early Kunqu Opera, Nankun has formed many branches in China, such as Kunyi in the north, Xiang Kun, Chuankun and so on. Kunqu Opera, with its graceful and soft style, delicate and lyrical performance, singing and dancing, and rigorous program, is the representative of China classical operas.

2. High cavity

Gaoqiang is the general name of China traditional opera tune system. Because it originated in Yiyang, Jiangxi, it was originally named "Yiyang Opera" or "Yi Opera". It is characterized by simple performance, popular lyrics, high-pitched and exciting singing, one person singing while everyone is in harmony, and only golden drums are used to play festivals without orchestral accompaniment. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it has spread from Jiangxi to all parts of the country, and has formed high-pitched operas in different styles, such as Sichuan Opera, xiang opera Opera and Gan Opera.

3. Bangzi cavity

Bangzi Opera is the general name of a kind of opera vocal system. It originated from "Shaanxi Bangzi" at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi, and is characterized by high-pitched and powerful singing and high-five with wooden bangzi. Then it developed eastward and southward, forming different forms of Bangzi cavity in different areas, such as Shanxi Bangzi, Hebei Bangzi, Henan Bangzi and Shandong Bangzi.

4. Peking Opera

Peking Opera, also known as "Pihuang", consists of two basic tones: Xipi and Huanger. It also sings some local tunes (such as Liu Zi Opera and Blowing Opera) and Kunqu Qupai. 1840 was formed in Beijing and prevailed in 1930s and 40s. It is sometimes called "National Opera". It is still a big drama with national influence. It is the representative of China modern opera, with comprehensive business, mature performance and magnificent momentum.

Step 5 get together by chance

In the late Qing Dynasty, Pingju was formed on the basis of the ditty "Lotus Falls Opposite" in Luanxian County, Hebei Province. It was first popular in rural areas of Hebei province, and then entered Tangshan, and was called "Tangshan Xiazi". It was popular in Northeast China around the 1920s, and a number of actresses appeared. After 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera and Hebei Bangzi, Pingju became more and more mature, and schools such as Bai, Cailian and Ai Lianjun appeared. After 1950, Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Yang Sanjie's Complaints, Qin Xianglian and other plays had a great influence throughout the country, with new, famous and famous actors appearing. Pingju is still very popular in Hebei and Beijing.

6. Hebei Bangzi

Hebei Bangzi is a Bangzi opera popular in Hebei and Beijing. It originated from Shanshan Bangzi at the border of Shaanxi and was introduced to Hebei via Shanxi, and was formed by combining Hebei dialect and Beijing dialect. It keeps the characteristics of bangqiang, sings loudly and violently, and is good at performing tragic plots. Hebei Bangzi's famous dramas include Butterfly Cup, Yuanmen Chop, Du Shiniang and so on.

7. Jin Opera

Jin Opera, also known as "Middle Road Bangzi", developed from Shanshan Bangzi at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi to Shanxi, and was formed by combining the characteristics of Shanxi language. Now it is popular in central Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Hebei. It keeps the characteristics of clapping with the beat, and its musical style is not only high-pitched, but also gentle and delicate. The performance is simple and popular. Famous plays include Golden Branch, Little Banquet and Selling Paintings to Open the Door.

8. Pu Opera

Pu Opera, also known as "Zhou Pu Bangzi", was developed from Shanshan Bangzi, the first Shanshan Bangzi. Now it is popular in the southwest of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan, with a similar accent and Shaanxi dialect. Famous dramas include hanging pictures, killing dogs and killing post stations.

9. Shangdang Bangzi

Shangdang Bangzi, one of the four major Bangzi in Shanxi, is developed from Zhou Pu Bangzi in southwest Shanxi and is popular in Shangdang area in southeast Shanxi. Besides Bangzi, it also sings Kunqu Opera, Pihuang Opera and Luoluo Opera. Plays include "Three Customs Banquet" and "East Gate Meeting".

10, Yanxi

Yan Opera, also known as "North Road Bangzi", developed from "Zhou Pu Bangzi" and is popular in northwest Shanxi, Zhangjiakou, Hebei and Inner Mongolia. It is said that it has a great influence on the formation of Hebei Bangzi. Dramas include Bloody Handprints and Jinshui Bridge.

1 1, Shaanxi opera

Shaanxi Opera, also known as Shaanxi Bangzi, is the earliest opera of Bangzi, which was formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty. His performance is rough and simple, his singing is loud and exciting, his voice is like a roar, and he is good at expressing tragic plots. The repertoires include Butterfly Cup, You Gui Shan, Three Drops of Blood and so on.

12, table for two

Errentai is a popular opera in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province. It was formed on the basis of Inner Mongolia folk songs and Shanxi folk tunes, and then gradually matured by absorbing the performance elements of Shanxi opera. The performance is full of life and the lyrics are well-known. Most of the dramas are small dramas that show rural life, such as "Walking West" and "Five Brothers Grazing Sheep".

13, Ji Xi

Ji Opera is a popular drama in Jilin Province. Developed in the 1950s on the basis of the "Errenzhuan" in Northeast China, the tune is light, the words and expressions are popular, the performances are simple and popular, and there are plays such as selling lines in Yan Qing and Bao Gong's Compensation.

14, Longjiang Opera

Longjiang Opera, popular in Heilongjiang Province, was formed on the basis of "Errenzhuan", Latin Opera, Shadow Play and Northeast Local Folk Songs in 1950s. Its performance is relaxed and humorous, and its lyrics are well-known. Plays include Shuang Suoshan and Baoyu in the Wasted Capital.

15, Henan Opera

Henan Opera, also known as "Henan Bangzi". Shaanxi Bangzi, which was introduced to Henan in the late Ming Dynasty, was developed by combining Henan dialect and folk tunes, and is now popular in Henan, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and other provinces. At first, there were four schools, namely Eastern Henan, Western Henan, Xiangfu and Sha Hetiao. At present, eastern Henan and western Henan are the main areas. Chang Xiangyu, Chen Suzhen, Cui Lantian, Ma Jinfeng, Yan Lipin and other famous actresses appeared in succession. The repertoires include Mu in Command, Matchmaker, Hua Da Chao, Hua Zhuan Gun and modern drama Chaoyanggou.

16, Cantonese

Yuediao is a local opera in Henan, which is popular in Henan and northern Hubei. It is also called "four-stranded string" because it is the main accompaniment instrument. Music is dominated by banqiang, and qupai is also sung. Famous actors include Shen et al. Plays include Jiang Wei, Li Tianbao's Wedding Clothes, and Zhuge Liang's Funeral.

17, Qufu, Henan

Henan Quju is a local opera in Henan province, which is popular in Henan province and northwest Hubei province and developed from Quyi "Henan Quzi". Singing softly and tactfully, he is good at tragic content. Plays include Tong, Chen Sanliang and Hua Ting Hui. (

18, Shandong Bangzi

Shandong Bangzi is a local opera in Shandong Province, which is popular in Heze, Shandong Province. Because of its ancient name "Cao Zhou", it is also called "Cao Zhou Bangzi". This bangzi system was formed after Shanshan Bangzi was introduced to Shandong via Henan. The main play is The Story of the Wall.

19, Lu Opera

Shandong Opera is a local opera in Shandong Province, which is popular in central Shandong, Jiangsu and Henan. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was developed from the folk rap art "Shandong", and 1950 was named "Lu Opera". Lu opera performance is full of life, popular and simple, simple singing, easy to learn and sing. Therefore, Lu Opera has a great influence in the vast rural areas. Dramas include The Borrowing of the King, Sister Xian and The Remarriage of Li Ernian.

20. Huai Opera

Huai Opera is a local opera in Jiangsu Province, which is popular in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Anhui. It originated from Jiangsu folk drama, and then absorbed the artistic factors of Huizhou opera, and gradually developed and matured. His performance was crude and simple. The repertoire includes the traditional drama "Female Judge", "Three Women Grab the Board" and the new drama "Golden Dragon and the Ephemera".

2 1, Shanghai Opera

Shanghai Opera is a popular local opera in Shanghai, which originated from a folk song in Pudong, Shanghai, and later formed Shanghai Tan Chun Diao, which was influenced by Suzhou Tan Chun. In 1930s, it was performed in Shanghai in the form of civilized drama, and it was named Shanghai Opera. Most of the plays are modern themes, such as laughing and crying, marriage, arhat money and Lu Danghuo.

22. farce

Burlesque is a traditional China drama popular in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang. "One-man show" originated in Shanghai, and later developed into a farce with complicated tunes and funny performances. The main repertoires are San Mao's Students' Intention and 123 trot.

23. Yue Opera

Yue Opera is a local opera popular in Zhejiang. Originated in "Duban" in Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province, it entered Shanghai around 19 16 and performed in the name of "Shaoxing Literary Opera". First it was dominated by actors, then it became dominated by actresses. After 1938, use the name "Yue Opera". During the period of 1942, the actors of Yue Opera, led by Yuan Xuefen, reformed their performance and singing, absorbed the advantages of Kunqu Opera, and formed a gentle and delicate performance style. There are many artistic schools, such as Yuan (Xuefen) School, Yin () School, Fan (Ruijuan) School, Fu (Quanxiang) School and Xu (Yulan) School. Yue operas include Xianglinsao, butterfly lovers, A Dream of Red Mansions, Five Birthday Women, The West Chamber and so on.

24. Wu Opera

Wu Opera is a local opera popular in Jinhua, Zhejiang, also known as "Jinhua Opera". This is a multi-part opera. Its vocal cavity is composed of Gao Qiang, Kunqu Opera, Tan Chun and Hui Diao, each with its own repertoire and performance characteristics. The repertoires include Monks and Monks' Meeting, Peony Going to Class, Broken Bridge and so on.

25. Shao Opera

Shao Opera is a local opera popular in Shaoxing and Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, which was formed in the late Ming Dynasty. With "357" and "Fan Er" as the main vocal cavity, he is good at martial arts in performance, and his style is rough and simple. Plays include Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon, Long Hudou, Hanging Impermanence, etc.

26. Huizhou Opera

Anhui Opera is a popular drama in Anhui, Jiangsu and other regions, which was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty and is a multi-voice drama. The main voices are bazi, Chuiqiang and Huang Er, and they can also sing Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang and Xipi. 1790, Huiban went to Beijing to celebrate Qianlong's birthday, which later evolved into Peking Opera. Most of the plays are historical themes, such as Seven Armies under Water, which is adapted from Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

27. Huangmei Opera

Huangmei Opera originated in Anhui and is popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei. Its predecessor was the tea-picking tune in Huangmei area. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, a folk opera called "Huangmei tune" was formed, which was sung in Anqing dialect. In 1950s, under the reform of Yan Fengying and others, Anhui Opera became more and more mature and developed into an Anhui local opera. Famous plays include The Fairy Match, The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, The Woman Xu and so on.

28. Fujian Opera

Fujian opera, a kind of opera popular in Fujian. It rose in the middle of Ming dynasty and basically took shape in Qing dynasty, but on a smaller scale. At the beginning of the 20th century, the influence of Peking Opera became more and more great, and the vocal cavity was basically complete, including five kinds: funny cavity, foreign cavity, Jianghu, minor and bango. Plays include Lian Yin and Swan Banquet.

29. Puxian Opera

Puxian Opera is a local opera in Fujian, formerly known as Xinghua Opera, which was fully mature in the mid-Ming Dynasty and was popular in Putian and Xianyou. The music is Qupai style, and the performance is quite quaint and lyrical. Plays include Zhang Xie's No.1 Scholar, After Reunion, Spring Grass Running to the Moon Hall and so on.

30. Liyuan Opera

Liyuan Opera is a kind of opera with a long history, which can be said to be a "living fossil" of opera. Many southern operas in the Song and Yuan Dynasties have been preserved, such as ghosts, Jing, Liu, worship and killing in Zhu Wen. After 1950s, Dong Sheng, Shi Li and Yin Jiefu were edited and performed.

3 1, Gaojia Opera

Gaojia Opera, popular in Jinjiang and Longxi areas of Fujian Province, originated in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and gradually formed a scale after absorbing the performance factors and repertoire of Liyuan Opera. In the 1920s, influenced by Peking Opera, it gradually matured. Its main business is clowns, and its performances are like puppets, which are very distinctive. The plays include "Continuously Ascending to Level 3" and "Jin Kuixing".

32. Gan Opera

Gan Opera is a kind of opera popular in northeast Jiangxi, which developed from Yiyang Opera in Ming Dynasty, and is composed of Yiyang Opera, Qingyang Opera, Kunqu Opera and Luantan Opera. Plays include Dou Eyuan, Chai Jing Ji, Pearl Ji, Rebirth Ji and so on.

33. Tea picking drama

Tea-picking opera is a popular opera in Jiangxi province, which is mainly developed from the songs and tunes sung by local tea farmers when picking tea, combined with folk songs and dances. Jiangxi Tea-picking Opera is divided into East, South, West, North and China, and has its own characteristics in performance. Plays include Sun Cheng Da Jiu and so on.

34. Han Opera

Han opera generally refers to operas popular in Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi and other places. It originated in Hubei and was originally called "Chu tune" or "Han tune". The main melody is Xipi tune, and Huang Er tune is also sung. It has a history of nearly 300 years. The main plays are Frontline of the Universe, Two Plums, Shen Tao University, etc. In addition, there are Han operas in Changde, Hunan and Guangdong, all of which are multi-cavity operas, which are very different from those in Hubei.

Xiang opera.

Xiang opera is a local opera in Hunan Province, which is popular in Changsha and Xiangtan. It originated from Yiyang Opera in the Ming Dynasty, and later absorbed Kunqu Opera and Pihuang Opera, forming a multi-cavity opera including high-pitched, low-pitched, Kunqu Opera and random play. Plays are mainly high-pitched and casual, such as Pipa, White Rabbit and Yue Bai.

36. Qi Opera

Qi Opera, also known as "Qiyang Opera", is popular in Qiyang and Shaoyang areas of Hunan Province. Originated from Yiyang Opera in Ming Dynasty, the vocal cavity is dominated by high notes, and it also sings Kunqu Opera and Opera. The repertoires include Biography of Mulian, Biography of Zhongjing, Master Play and Guanyin Play.

37. Hunan Flower Drum Opera

Hunan ancient painting drama is the general name of Hunan ancient painting and lantern drama, including Changsha ancient painting, Yueyang ancient painting, Changde ancient painting, Hengyang ancient painting and Shaoyang ancient painting. They have different stage languages and formed their own styles. The performances of ancient paintings are simple, cheerful and lively, with xiaosheng, Xiao Dan and clown as the main businesses, and they are good at using fans' towels. Plays include Shooting Birds and Chopping firewood with bangs.

38. Cantonese Opera

Cantonese opera is popular in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. Formed in the early Qing Dynasty, it was a combination of high-pitched tune, Kunqu opera, yellow skin and bangzi imported from other places and local folk music. Music is both a board cavity and a musical style. Plays include Search College and Guan Hanqing.

39. Chaozhou opera

Chaozhou Opera is popular in Shantou, southern Fujian and Taiwan Province Province. Mainly influenced by Yang Opera, Kunqu Opera and Han Opera imported from other places, it was formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and many works of Song and Yuan Dynasties were preserved in the repertoire, such as Chen Sanwu Niang, Sweeping the Window, Lulin Hui and so on.

40. Guangxi Opera

Guangxi Opera, popular in northeastern Guangxi and southern Hunan, was formed in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Its singing method is mainly Pihuang, and it also sings Kunqu opera, Gao Qiang and Chuiqiang. Plays include grabbing umbrellas, picking up jade bracelets, cabinets and so on.

4 1, hue

Colored tones, formerly known as "tones" or "tea picking", are popular in Guangxi. Formed on the basis of local folk songs and dances, it has a history of nearly 200 years. 1955 was named "Caidiao". Its performance is free and lively, full of life. The most famous play is Third Sister Liu.

42. Zhuang drama

Zhuang drama, popular in Guangxi, Yunnan and other Zhuang areas, is divided into two factions: South Road and North Road. The former originated from the local "bench play", and its main plays are Long Wen and Xiao Ni. The latter originated from "Double Spring Opera", and its main play is "Treasure Hulu".

43.sichuan opera

Sichuan Opera is a local opera in Sichuan Province, which is popular in Sichuan and its surrounding areas. It consists of Kunqu Opera, Gaoqiang Opera, Huqin Opera, Tanxi Opera and Dengxi Opera, each with its own repertoire. Sichuan opera has a high-pitched and exciting singing voice, humorous performances and a strong flavor of life. The main repertoires include the traditional repertoire "Hosta", "The Story of Liu Yin" and "Capturing Wang Kui alive", as well as the new repertoires "Dead Water", "FACE/OFF" and "Gold".

44. Guizhou Drama

Guizhou Opera is a popular local opera in Guizhou Province, which is developed from the folk art "Qin Wen" and accompanied by dulcimer, with strong local characteristics. Plays include Zhu Niang Lang Mei and Mrs. Luxury Fragrance.

45. Yunnan drama

Yunnan Opera is a local opera popular in Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou, which was formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It is composed of imported Sixian, Xiangyang and Huqin, with Sixian as the main one. The play includes Niu Hao's deception and breaking into the palace.

46. Dai Opera

The Dai opera, popular in the Dai inhabited areas of Yunnan Province, was formed in the middle of Qing Dynasty, originated from local folk songs and dances, and absorbed the artistic nutrition of Beijing Opera and Yunnan Opera. With erhu as the main accompaniment instrument, the performance is simple, singing and dancing. Plays include E and luo sang.

47. Tibetan opera

Tibetan operas popular in Tibet, Qinghai and other Tibetan areas are sung in Tibetan. Formed in the17th century, mainly represented by Buddhist stories and folklore. Actors wear masks when performing. The performance is divided into three parts, the first part is the opening, named "Dun"; The second is a drama called "Bear"; The third part is the blessing at the end, called "Tashi". The most famous play is Princess Wencheng.

48. Shadow play

Shadow play is also called "shadow play", "light shadow play" and "local shadow play". A drama in which the outlines of characters carved from animal skins or cardboard are illuminated with lights to perform a story. Traditional Chinese opera and aria mostly interact with local operas, which are manipulated by artists and sung with music. China movies have a history of 1000 years. Due to the differences in popular areas, vocals and silhouette materials, many categories and operas have been formed, among which the donkey shadow play in Tangshan, Hebei Province and the cowhide shadow play in Northwest China are the most famous. Among them, Tangshan shadow play has developed into a comprehensive art with exquisite carving skills, dexterous manipulation skills and lyrical singing music.

Chinese opera

1 、

China opera is a comprehensive stage art form. Its characteristic is that many art forms are gathered together by a standard, and their respective personalities are reflected in the same nature. These forms mainly include: poetry, music and dance. Poetry refers to its literature, music refers to its music accompaniment and dance refers to its performance. In addition, it also includes stage art, clothing, makeup and so on. These artistic factors are all for one purpose in China traditional operas, that is, acting stories; Everyone follows a principle, which is beauty.

2、

In a word, China's traditional opera is characterized by "singing and dancing to tell stories" (Wang Guowei, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty). Traditional Chinese opera and drama in China belong to drama, and they all play characters through actors, and express stories of a certain length through dialogues and actions. The difference is that China traditional opera uses musical dialogue and dance movements to express real life, that is, the means of singing and dancing. Also known as "singing, reading, doing and playing".

3、

China's traditional operas express life in a way of "taking its meaning and abandoning its form", such as freehand brushwork in Chinese painting, which embodies all the beautiful things in life with vertical and horizontal strokes. Therefore, there are red-faced Guan Yu and white-faced Cao Cao on the opera stage; When you were in Long song, you cried and danced with long sleeves; With the spring scenery without flowers and trees, there is no river without waves.

4、

As a stage art, China opera needs to face the contradiction between the narrowness of the stage and the vastness of life. Unlike drama, China traditional opera does not squeeze life with the principle of "three unifications" to facilitate expression. Instead, we use virtual means to create flexible time and space, and complete the description of the vast world with the help of the vivid performance of actors and the imagination and understanding of the audience. Therefore, opera can create the illusion of night under bright lights, and it can ride horses and sail on an empty stage.

Chinese opera

1 、

China opera is a comprehensive stage art form. Its characteristic is that many art forms are gathered together by a standard, and their respective personalities are reflected in the same nature. These forms mainly include: poetry, music and dance. Poetry refers to its literature, music refers to its music accompaniment and dance refers to its performance. In addition, it also includes stage art, clothing, makeup and so on. These artistic factors are all for one purpose in China traditional operas, that is, acting stories; Everyone follows a principle, which is beauty.

2、

In a word, China's traditional opera is characterized by "singing and dancing to tell stories" (Wang Guowei, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty). Both Chinese drama and drama belong to drama, and actors should be used to play characters, and dialogues and actions should be used to express stories of a certain length. The difference is that China traditional opera uses musical dialogue and dance movements to express real life, that is, the means of singing and dancing. Also known as "singing, reading, doing and playing".

3、

China's traditional operas express life in a way of "taking its meaning and abandoning its form", such as freehand brushwork in Chinese painting, which embodies all the beautiful things in life with vertical and horizontal strokes. Therefore, there are red-faced Guan Yu and white-faced Cao Cao on the opera stage; When you were in Long song, you cried and danced with long sleeves; With the spring scenery without flowers and trees, there is no river without waves.

4、

As a stage art, China opera needs to face the contradiction between the narrowness of the stage and the vastness of life. Unlike drama, China traditional opera does not squeeze life with the principle of "three unifications" to facilitate expression. Instead, we use virtual means to create flexible time and space, and complete the description of the vast world with the help of the vivid performance of actors and the imagination and understanding of the audience. Therefore, opera can create the illusion of night under bright lights, and it can ride horses and sail on an empty stage.