Historical issues

As early as the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan, the monarch of Wu, was far away from the cruel struggle of the Central Plains and had begun to develop at sea. In 227 AD, Sun Quan trained naval officers who could fight in the open sea in Dongzhi (now Xiamen) and built hundreds of large warships. In 230 AD, Sun Quan sent two generals, Wei Wen and Zhu Gejin, to lead more than 10,000 expeditionary soldiers across the sea to Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Province) at that time, which met with slight resistance from the indigenous savagery at that time. Because of the language barrier and acclimatization at that time, and thousands of soldiers died of illness, the two generals had to lead their troops back to the mainland. At the same time, thousands of indigenous people were taken away to prepare for a better understanding and governance of Taiwan Province Province in the future.

[Sui Dynasty]

At the end of the Sui Dynasty, Minister He Man strongly persuaded Yang Di to explore Ryukyu (now Taiwan Province Province). In 607 AD, Yang Di sent He Man and General Zhu Kuankuan, commander-in-chief of the Yulin Army, to lead more than 10,000 navy divisions and hundreds of "five-toothed" warships in the Sui Dynasty to the sea for an expedition in June. However, the effect was not great, and it was resisted by local tyrant Wang Huansi. In 609 AD, Yang Di sent Hu Benlang to lead general Chen Leng and more than 10,000 people to crusade against Taiwan Province. Sui Jun started from Gao Feng (now Chaozhou, Guangdong), first arrived in Shen Kun (now Penghu), and then landed in the middle of the west coast of Taiwan Province Province. He was stopped by the local king Huan Si. After several fierce battles, Sui Jun won a great victory, and the local king Huan She was beheaded.

Southern Song Dynasty

In the Southern Song Dynasty AD 1 17 1, the king of the Southern Song Dynasty ordered Wang Dayou, the magistrate of Quanzhou (now Fujian), to build more than 200 houses in Penghu, and sent thousands of soldiers to station them. The following year,10,000 soldiers were sent to conquer Taiwan Province province. After repelling the resistance of the aborigines, they stationed troops on the island. In order to solve the supply problem of troops, the system of land reclamation was implemented and officials were appointed to establish the government. This is also the first time in the history of China to formally station troops in Taiwan Province Province.

the Yuan Dynasty

In the Yuan Dynasty, 1292, the ancestor Kublai Khan sent more than 300 Han warships and more than 6,000 people familiar with water warfare to Penghu (now the capital of Taiwan Province Province) to appease the indigenous Gaoshan people at that time. After the Yuan army arrived, it was resisted by the local natives. However, the number of Yuan troops is too small and morale is low. Finally, this defeat will bring down the rest of the Han army, and they can only flee to the mainland. In A.D. 1297, Kublai Khan re-appointed Fujian Pingzhang as the general of the crusade, and led hundreds of warships of more than 15,000 naval divisions of the Han army to invade Taiwan Province Province again. After months of fierce fighting, he finally won the island of Taiwan Province Province.

[Ming dynasty]

During the Ming Dynasty, Japanese pirates harassed the southeast coast of China for a hundred years. In A.D. 1602 (the 30th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), some Japanese pirates defeated by the Ming army fled to Ryukyu Island (now the province of Taiwan Province). Under the command of General Shen Yourong, the anti-Japanese general of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming army wiped out most of the enemy in one fell swoop along the coast of Taiwan Province Province, and the people of Taiwan Province Province warmly welcomed the Ming army to land. This is also the first time that China's army has recovered Taiwan Province Province from foreign invaders. Dutch colonists fought for the right to trade. 1603 attacked China's Portuguese-occupied territory of Macau, but failed to retreat to Nanyang. 1622, after the Dutch failed to attack Macao for the second time, they retreated to Penghu. In A.D. 1624, the Ming Dynasty sent more than 10,000 water troops and hundreds of warships to attack the Dutch army. The Dutch were beaten to surrender with a white flag, but the defeated Dutch army retreated to the island of Taiwan Province Province. Because the Ming Dynasty was at war with Manchu at that time, the Dutch invaders in Taiwan Province Province were ignored. 1626, the Spanish also landed on the island of Taiwan Province Province and occupied the north. The Dutch attacked the Spaniards and finally drove them away in 1642, gaining control of the whole province of Taiwan Province.

【 Early Qing Dynasty and Late Ming Dynasty 】

In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, in A.D. 1657, Zheng Chenggong, a general of Nanming, met He Tingbin who fled from Taiwan at that time. This person is the old department of Zheng Zhilong, the father of Zheng Chenggong, and once worked as a Dutch translator in Taiwan Province. His arrival was mainly to persuade Zheng Chenggong to March eastward into Taiwan Province Province, which has been China for centuries. Since A.D. 1622, the Netherlands has been sending warships to Taiwan Province Province for reconnaissance and armed harassment. 1642, the Netherlands attacked Taiwan Province province on a large scale, and the Dutch army quickly occupied the chicken coop (now Keelung) and Danshui, driving away the Spanish. The Dutch imposed military control in Taiwan Province Province and brutally suppressed the resistance of local residents. Based in Taiwan Province Province, they robbed merchants and plundered goods along the coast, and captured China as slaves. The atrocities of the colonists aroused the anger and hatred of the people in Taiwan Province Province.

Zheng Chenggong and other generals tried to establish a base area to fight against the Qing Dynasty and restore their eyesight. Zheng Chenggong learned about Taiwan Province Province from He Tingbin and decided to cross the sea to recover Taiwan Province Province occupied by Dutch colonists. In A.D. 1658, Zheng Chenggong began to prepare to recover Taiwan Province Province, and Zheng Jun took the time to overhaul warships and open up navigation channels. On March 23, A.D. 166 1, Zheng Chenggong took advantage of the fact that the Dutch army invading Taiwan Province was weak (more than a thousand people) and its reinforcements were difficult to go to Taiwan because of the monsoon. The first batch was led by 25,000 soldiers and hundreds of warships. Led by He Tingbin and fishermen familiar with the route, Zheng Chenggong set off from Luowan in Jinmen. Zheng Jun set sail from Penghu and arrived at Luermen Port (now north of Anping Port in Tainan City) which was ignored by the Dutch army on the morning of April 2. Zheng Chenggong took advantage of the midday tide, led his troops across the shallow Beihang Road and sailed into Luermen Port, enabling 4,000 sailors to seize the tail island of the northern line and annihilate the Dutch army. He led his main force through Dawan, went straight to Heliao Port, and landed with thousands of compatriots on the island. On the third day of April, Zheng Chenggong took advantage of the victory to expand the victory, assembled 1.2 million troops to surround Chibi City and cut off the water source in the city. Firearms were placed around the city as a military deterrent to the Dutch army. Send the brother and wife of the captured red embedded guard leader back to the city to surrender. On the fourth day of the fourth year, it is difficult to describe reality. Because of his poor family, Zheng Chenggong was very kind to him. Inspired by Zheng Chenggong's policy of giving priority to prisoners, black soldiers in the Dutch army also defected to fight. Taiwan Province compatriots took up arms to expel the Dutch army before Zheng Jun arrived in the chicken coop, Danshui and other places.

After Taiwan Province Province was besieged for 8 months, the second batch of Zheng troops landed. 1On the sixth day of February, Zheng Chenggong ordered the shelling of Utrecht Fort, an important stronghold outside Taiwan Province, and fired more than 2,000 rounds, which broke the city that night. There are more than 600 Dutch troops left in Taiwan Province Province, and they almost lost their fighting capacity because of disability and hunger. The Dutch Colonial Committee held an emergency meeting and decided to hand over the castle on preferential terms. 1 February 13 (1662 February1), Yiyi signed the surrender on behalf of the Netherlands. At this point, Taiwan Province Province, occupied by Dutch colonists for 38 years, returned to China.

[Qing dynasty]

In the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi changed his strategy towards Taiwan Province Province to zhaofu. Since then, discussions and negotiations have continued for more than ten years, but there is no result. In A.D. 168 1 year (the twentieth year of Kangxi), Zheng Jing died, and his son Zheng Keshuang died young and early, and there was civil strife in Taiwan Province Province. Emperor Kangxi decided to send troops to unify Taiwan Province Province. In the summer of the 21st year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi ruled out all kinds of interference from the imperial court, and appointed Shi Lang as the general prefect of Fujian Navy, and planned Taiwan Province Province together with Yao Qisheng, the governor of Fujian. After being ordered, the two men actively rectified military affairs, built warships, trained and selected generals, and sent people to spy on the enemy and explore navigation channels.

On June 14th, A.D. 1683 (the 22nd year of Kangxi), Shi Lang led more than 20,000 navy men and more than 200 warships to match Penghu. The name of the commander is written on the sail of each warship to facilitate command and communication. Zheng Shoujun has more than 200 warships and nearly 20,000 troops, which is equivalent to the Qing army in number. On June 22nd, the Qing army stormed Penghu Island. Shi Lang divided the navy soldiers into three roads, with company commanders Chen Python and Dong Yi as the left and right wings, and each led 50 warships to attack Jilong Island and Niuxin Bay to contain them. Shi Lang led 100 warships to attack Niangmang Palace (now the northwest corner of Penghu Island). The Qing army fought bravely, destroying Zheng warship 190, annihilating Zheng main force12,000 people and forcing more than 4,200 people to surrender. Liu Guoxuan, the commander-in-chief of Zheng Jun, saw that the tide was gone, leaving only twenty or thirty warships and hundreds of down archers to flee back to the island. Taiwan Province province internal vibration, Liu Guoxuan urged to surrender, kangxi emperor 56-point thrashing a decree to have. On July 15, the local authorities in Taiwan Province Province sent people to show the map list and surrender book. On August 13, Shi Lang led the Qing army to land on Taiwan Province Island. After the Qing Dynasty, Shi Lang was used to set up counties, prefectures and patrol roads in Taiwan Province Province, and the garrison strengthened its rule. Since then, it has ended the local security situation of the three generations of the Zheng family for more than 20 years. Emperor Kangxi finally realized the prosperity of the unification of Taiwan Province Province and the mainland.

Names in Taiwan's history

Taiwan Province Province, which the Qin Dynasty called "Manchuria"; The three countries called it Yizhou; The Sui Dynasty was renamed "Liu Qiu"; It was called Vishnu or Vishnu in Song Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty called it "Ryukyu", and the Yuan government established the Penghu Inspection Department to administer Penghu and Ryukyu. It was called "Dong Fan" at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, then it was called "Jijian Mountain", "Beigang", "Stupid Port" and "Taiwowan", and it was not called "Taiwan Province Province" until the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. Do you understand why Taiwan Province Province is an inseparable part of China? The importance of Taiwan Province Province cannot be ignored. Taiwan Province Province is a natural barrier along the southeast coast of China, which can be used as a key point to support China's coastal defense. Taiwan Province Province and Hainan Island are "binoculars"; The north echoes Zhoushan Islands from a distance, forming an "oblique angle"; Enough to cover six provinces and cities along the southeast coast of China and the strategic depth in this direction. The Taiwan Province Strait is about 220 nautical miles long with an average width of about 90 nautical miles. It is the throat of China coastal maritime traffic and an important international waterway in the western Pacific, with as many as 100 merchant ships passing through it every day. Three of China's four major foreign trade routes need to go south. The smooth navigation of Taiwan Province Strait is of great significance to the continuous development of China's national economy and foreign trade. Although China has a coastline of 1.84 thousand kilometers, it is only connected with one ocean, and the sea area of China is surrounded by the first island chain, which is actually in a semi-closed state. If we want to cross the ocean, we must break out of the first island chain and break the chains that bind us. Taiwan Province Province is the weakest link in this chain.

Taiwan Province Province faces the Pacific Ocean and has a long coastline. There are hundreds of square kilometers of exclusive economic zones outside the coastline on the east side, and China has 6,543.8+10,000 square kilometers of seabed resources development area in the East Pacific Ocean. Taiwan Province Island is the main base of China's Pacific seabed resources. In other words, Taiwan Province Province is also the gateway of China to the ocean. Taiwan Province Province is 900 nautical miles north of Yalu River and 800 nautical miles south of Beilun Estuary and Nansha Islands. Since then, a fleet has attacked, and within two days, the maneuvering range can cover the entire coast of China; To the north, you can fight in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, and to the south, you can directly attack the enemies invading the South China Sea. Taiwan Province Province is also in the middle of the first island chain, with Ryukyu Islands, Japanese Islands and Kuril Islands winding for more than 2,000 nautical miles in the north and Kuril Islands in Southeast Asia in the south, with a depth of thousands of nautical miles. From Taiwan Province Province to the east, if you cross 1200 km, you can attack the second island chain. From a military point of view only, if you live in Taiwan Province province, you may be in danger. Taiwan Province Island is 390 kilometers long, 0/40 kilometers wide and covers an area of 35,780 square kilometers. Among them, mountains account for 69% and plains account for 365,438+0%. Islands are not conducive to large-scale corps operations, while the coast facing the sea is cliffs, which stand upright and cannot land on a large scale, and has extremely established natural conditions for territorial defense. At the same time, the island has a solid material foundation, which can guarantee the ability of a modern navy. Taiwan Province has many airports and ports, including Kaohsiung, Keelung, Taibei, Hualien, the Soviet Union and Zuo Ying. If we cooperate with the harbors of Sandu, Minjiang, Meizhou, Xiamen and Dongshan on the mainland side and the first-line airports of Jinmen, Shantou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Fuzhou and Longtian, a very favorable network of naval and air bases will be formed, which can meet the needs of stationing, replenishment, repair, assembly, evacuation, concealment, training and exercise of any huge fleet. Because Taiwan Province Province is close to the mainland, and the terrain facing the mainland is flat, almost anything that hinders navigation in the whole strait can be navigable, and it is easy to get the support and strengthening of the mainland. In wartime, if necessary, the entire Taiwan Province Strait area can even be turned into a military base, and vertical and horizontal maneuvers can be carried out in this area15,000 square kilometers of water, which provides extremely convenient conditions for naval mobile operations. Visible, due to the superior conditions of Taiwan Province Province, she has the advantage of both offensive and defensive, its role is far from dozens or hundreds of coral reefs can be compared, nor can an unsinkable aircraft carrier be summarized.