Jiangxi rongyao immigrants study abroad

Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study aviation engineering and aerodynamics as a publicly funded international student in August 1935. After more than ten years of hard work, he became a world-class rocket expert at that time. During World War II, he and his mentor von Carmen participated in the top secret Manhattan project of the United States at that time-the research and development project of missile nuclear weapons, and they were one of the few outstanding talents in the United States. He is the director of the California Institute of Technology Supersonic Laboratory and the director of the Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Research Center.

1 94910 June1day, the five-star red flag rose in Tiananmen Square, and the new China was founded. Five days later, Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival in China. On this day, Qian Xuesen and his wife celebrated the festival with a dozen international students from China. While enjoying the moon, they poured out their hearts, rejoiced in the birth of the motherland and looked forward to the bright future of the motherland. At this time, Qian Xuesen had a strong desire to return to the motherland as soon as possible and serve the country with his expertise.

Soon, the United States launched a war in North Korea and used the reactionary McCarthy law at home, which set off a counter-current that drove employees to be loyal to the US government. This countercurrent has also spread to the California Institute of Technology. Due to the arrest of Weinbaum, secretary of the Marxism-Leninism Group of the college, the suspicion of the FBI fell on Qian Xuesen. 1950 In July, the US government decided to disqualify Qian Xuesen from participating in confidential research on the grounds that he had a friend relationship with Weinbaum, and accused Qian Xuesen of being a producer of party member and the United States and entering the country illegally. These groundless accusations were all denied by Qian Xuesen. However, Qian Xuesen couldn't stand all this and decided to return to the motherland immediately on the grounds of visiting relatives. When meeting with kimble, the Deputy Secretary of the US Navy in charge of his research work, he solemnly announced to kimble that he would leave for home immediately. He said: "I would rather go back to my hometown in China than stay in the suspected United States!" Kimble was shocked when he heard this. He thinks that Qian Xuesen is worth five divisions no matter where he puts it. He also said: "I would rather shoot him than let this guy leave the United States!" " "So as soon as Qian Xuesen walked out of the office, kimble immediately notified the Immigration Bureau.

Without knowing it, Qian Xuesen made all the preparations for returning to China, went through the formalities of returning to China, bought a plane ticket from Canada to Hong Kong, and handed over the luggage to the handling company for shipment. However, just two days before their family planned to leave Los Angeles, that is,1midnight on August 23, 950, he suddenly received a notice from the Immigration Bureau that they were not allowed to leave the United States. At the same time, the US Customs detained all Qian Xuesen's luggage. In this way, Qian Xuesen was forced to return to California Institute of Technology. Since then, the FBI has sent people to monitor his family and all his actions.

1September 6, 950, Qian Xuesen was suddenly illegally detained by the FBI, and he was sent to the detention center of the Immigration Bureau for custody. In the detention center, Qian Xuesen was tortured like a criminal. Qian Xuesen once recalled: "I lost 30 pounds in 15 days of detention. At night, spies wake me up every 1 hour. I can't rest at all, and I am in a state of extreme tension. " . After Qian Xuesen was detained for no reason, the teachers and students of California Institute of Technology, Mr. Feng Carmen, Qian Xuesen's teacher, and some American friendly people protested strongly to the Immigration Bureau, found a defense lawyer for him, and raised $6.5438+$5,000 bail to bail Qian Xuesen out. Since then, Qian Xuesen has continued to be persecuted by the Immigration Bureau. His movements were restricted by the Immigration Bureau and monitored by FBI agents. He is not allowed to leave Los Angeles where he lives and is often asked. Qian Xuesen lost his freedom for five years.

However, Qian Xuesen's love for the motherland has not disappeared, but has become even hotter. He misses New China day and night. He persisted in the struggle and kept asking the Immigration Bureau to return to China.

At this time, Qian Xuesen, whose country could not return, did not stop his devoted scientific career during these five years. One of the reasons why the American government prevented him from leaving the United States was because the rocket technology he studied was related to national defense. Knowing this, Qian Xuesen chose "engineering cybernetics" as his research direction to help remove the obstacles to returning to China. In fact, engineering cybernetics is closely related to national defense construction topics such as production automation, the development and application of electronic computers, but the American authorities did not realize this at that time.

Qian Xuesen struggled to return to the motherland and received the care and support of the motherland. The news that Qian Xuesen was persecuted and framed in the United States shocked New China, and domestic scientific circles supported Qian Xuesen in various ways. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is also extremely concerned about Qian Xuesen's situation in the United States, and the China government publicly issued a statement condemning the US government for imprisoning Qian Xuesen against his will.

While Qian Xuesen's desire to return to China was unreasonably blocked by the United States, China also detained a group of Americans. Among them are American nationals detained by the China government for violating the laws of China, and American soldiers detained by the China government for violating China's airspace. 1954 during the China-China international conference on April 26th, Wang Bingnan, secretary-general of the delegation, and Yahya Johnson, head of the American delegation, made contact on behalf of the two governments on the issue of civilians returning to China. During the contact, Wang Bingnan pointed out that the United States is preventing many China people living in the United States from returning to China, including scientist Qian Xuesen. 1954 in April, the United States, Britain, France, China and the Soviet Union held an international conference in Geneva to discuss the settlement of the Korean issue and restore peace in zhina. Zhou Enlai, head of the China delegation attending the meeting, instructed that since the Americans asked British diplomats to dredge relations with us, we should seize this opportunity and open up new channels of contact. In the negotiation, we should first contact Qian Xuesen, a scientist studying in the United States in China, and other detained issues. In order to seize the initiative, Zhou Enlai instructed Huang Hua, spokesman of the China delegation, to make a speech, demanding that the US government return the detained China citizens and students, and hinted that China was willing to negotiate directly with the United States on the issue of detaining American personnel. In this case, the US government has to agree to direct negotiations with the representative of China.

With the approval of Zhou Enlai, Wang Bingnan, Secretary-General of the China delegation, began a preliminary discussion with the US representative and Deputy Secretary of State Johnson on the national issues of the two countries on June 5. The United States submitted to China a list of overseas Chinese and some American soldiers detained by China, asking China to give them a chance to return home. To show sincerity, Zhou Enlai instructed Wang Bingnan to make generous concessions in the third meeting between China and the United States held on June 15, and also asked the United States to stop detaining Qian Xuesen and other China students studying in the United States. However, China's just request was unreasonably rejected by the United States. On July 2 1 day, the Geneva meeting ended. In order not to interrupt communication channels, Zhou Enlai instructed Wang Bingnan to agree with the US that consular talks will be held in Geneva from July 22nd. In order to further show its sincerity in negotiating with the US, the China administration decided to release four detained American pilots first. China's high-profile statement is aimed at getting Qian Xuesen and other scientists studying in the United States to return to China as soon as possible. But on this key issue, Americans cheated. American representative Johnson refused to let Qian Xuesen return to China on the grounds that China could not find the real reason for his request to return to China.

Just as Premier Zhou Enlai was anxious about this, Chen Shutong, then vice chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), received a letter from the other side of the ocean, signed by Qian Xuesen. In order to get rid of the spy's surveillance, Qian Xuesen wrote this letter on a small piece of cigarette paper, put it in a letter sent to relatives in Belgium, and then gave it to Chen Shutong. In the letter, Qian Xuesen asked the motherland to help him return to China. Chen Shutong personally handed the letter to Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai was overjoyed after reading it: "This is really great and can completely refute the lies of the US government!" He immediately made careful arrangements for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to quickly forward this letter to Wang Bingnan, who was negotiating in Geneva, and instructed: "This letter is very valuable. This is irrefutable evidence that the American authorities are still preventing China citizens from returning to China. You should use this letter to expose their lies in the negotiation. "

On the instructions of Zhou Enlai, Wang Bingnan took the lead in speaking at the beginning of the Sino-US ambassadorial talks on August 1. He said to Johnson, "Mr. Ambassador, before we begin our discussion, I have been instructed to inform you of the following news: On July 3 1, the China government decided to release Arnold and other American pilots in advance according to the legal procedures in China. They left Beijing on July 3 1 and are expected to arrive in Hong Kong on August 4. I hope that this measure taken by the China government will have a positive impact on our talks. " But Johnson still repeats the same old tune-"There is no evidence that Qian Xuesen will return to China, and the US government cannot force orders." Wang Bingnan then flashed Qian Xuesen's letter to Chen Shutong and confidently refuted Johnson: "Since the US government publicly announced in April of 1955 that scholars studying in the United States were allowed to travel freely, why did Dr. Qian Xuesen, a scientist from China, write to the China government for help in June? Obviously, the request of China scholars to return to China is still blocked. " In the face of facts, Johnson was speechless. The American government had to approve Qian Xuesen's request to return to China. 1On August 4, 955, Qian Xuesen received a notice from the US Immigration Bureau allowing him to return to China.

1955 September 17, Qian Xuesen boarded the "President of Cleveland" with his wife Jiang Ying and a pair of young children and embarked on a journey back home. 1995 10 10 when he returned to Guangzhou from the United States on October 8, Qian Xuesen said to the comrades of the China travel agency who received him, "I have always believed that I can definitely return to my motherland. Today, I finally came back! "

(Press: In order to mourn the death of Qian Xuesen, this article is specially compiled as a memorial. )

My beloved motherland

Motherland, I am proud of you.

When the magnificent huabiao,

Let the tall and straight body be covered with dawn,

When the majestic Tiananmen Square,

Let the clouds meet the rising sun.

The ear of history,

The salute rumbled,

An avalanche of echoes,

It is the echo of the changes in China.

A giant looks down at the world,

A loud voice,

The whole world heard it,

People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded!

When the first five-star red flag Ran Ran was raised,

Flag of victory,

Flying in the wind of the sky,

People looked up,

The whole world saw it,

The people of China have stood up since then!

This period of history embodies greatness,

Indulge in the sunshine in October,

This momentum is full of passion,

A monument stands in the east of the world.

A glorious era,

With strong hands,

He wrote a glorious chapter of the new China,

People proudly pointed out the direction.

Suffering mother,

Wipe the tears from your eyes,

Show your inner joy, be happy sincerely,

The motherland bravely moves towards prosperity.

Praise our history,

There is a myth that Pangu created the world.

Generate the light that shines with life.

Praise our history,

There are four great inventions,

Sow on this barren land.

Praise our history,

With the wisdom of Laozi and Confucius,

The flame of thousands of years of civilization has illuminated us.

My motherland,

My beloved motherland.

You are a rooster with your head held high, awakening the silence of the dawn.

You are a soaring dragon-the wind and cloud of the all-round era.

You are a lion, dancing the glory of China.

You are the origin of human wisdom-igniting the spark of civilization.

You have a sacred name,

That's China!

That's China, my motherland.

My beloved motherland.

I love my motherland deeply,

The beating heart has been beating for 5 thousand years,

I love my motherland deeply,

Surging blood rushed to the waves of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River,

I love my motherland deeply,

Yellow skin is printed with the color left by ancestors,

I love my motherland deeply,

……