Five American consortia

Based on the Rockefeller family's oil monopoly, it extended its sphere of influence to all sectors of the national economy by constantly controlling financial institutions, and became the largest monopoly group in the United States.

Founder J.D. Rockefeller started with oil, opened an oil refinery in Cleveland in 1863, and based on the oil refinery in 1870, he expanded and established the Ohio Standard Huai Oil Company, which soon monopolized the oil industry in the United States, and invested in the financial industry and manufacturing industry with its huge profits, and its economic strength developed rapidly.

Total assets were only $6.6 billion in 1935, and increased to $82.6 billion in 1960, which increased by1.5 times in 25 years. Since then, great progress has been made. The total assets of 1974 have increased to $330.5 billion, surpassing Morgan Consortium and ranking first among the top ten consortia in the United States. There are 65,438+06 largest oil companies in the United States, 8 of which belong to Rockefeller Financial Group.

2. Morgan Consortium

Formed at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, it is a monopoly capital consortium that rules the American economy. Founder J.P. Morgan founded drexel-Morgan Company on 187 1 on the basis of his father J.S. Morgan's wealth, and engaged in banking business such as investment and credit.

1894, the partner died and was wholly owned by him. 1895 changed its name to J.P. Morgan Company, and based on this company, it expanded its power to financial undertakings and economic fields (such as steel, railways and public utilities) and began to form monopoly consortia.

19 12 years, Morgan consortium controlled 13 financial institutions with total assets of $3.04 billion, among which Morgan Corporation was the strongest and dominated the American financial sector. The financial tycoons on Wall Street called Morgan Company "the banker among bankers".

Morgan Consortium made a fortune in the First World War, and with its abundant financial capital, it penetrated into all sectors of the national economy after the war. In 1930s, the total assets of big banks and enterprises controlled by Morgan Consortium accounted for more than 50% of the eight American consortia at that time.

3. Citibank Consortium

One of the top ten consortia in the United States is the Eastern Consortium, which rose after the war. Although the history is not long, its total assets have surpassed several established consortia and become one of the top ten consortia. With the First National City Bank as the core and relying on its huge funds, the consortium expanded its power to the arms industry (such as rockets, missiles and airplanes) and civilian industries (such as electronics, chemicals, petroleum and nonferrous metallurgy) and controlled a large number of famous large enterprises and companies. It is also one of the most active consortia in overseas expansion.

4. DuPont consortium

It is a consortium composed of dupont family, which started with chemical industry and arms industry. The founder is French immigrant E.I. Dupont de nemours.

He fled to the United States during the French Revolution, and 1802 set up DuPont Company in Wilmington, Delaware, to run the gunpowder business. After five generations of management in dupont family, DuPont finally became a typical family trust.

DuPont's assets in World War I increased from $75 million before the war to $300 million in 19 18; Become one of the largest monopoly companies at that time. The DuPont consortium was also established.

From 65438 to 0935, the total assets of DuPont consortium increased to $2.63 billion, ranking sixth among the eight American consortia at that time. In the second world war, DuPont consortium obtained military orders worth 2 1 billion dollars from the Pentagon, and participated in the manufacture of atomic bombs after the war, which greatly enhanced its economic strength and jumped to the fifth place among the top ten consortia; However, in the 1960s, due to the intensified competition among consortia, DuPont consortium's status declined, relegating to the ninth place.

5. Boston consortium

It consists of Boston Lowell, Lawrence, Adams, Loki, and the emerging Kennedy family, who made a fortune from the slave trade in the19th century.

At that time, these families invested huge sums of money accumulated by overseas colonial plunder in commercial banks, insurance companies and investment companies, and relied on these financial institutions to provide funds to operate textile industries such as textiles, leather, shoes, clothing, food and chemicals.

Due to the rapid development of textile industry, at the beginning of the 20th century, Boston, a family that has been intermarried for generations, took the First National Bank of Boston as the core and formed the Boston Consortium.