How many stages must SOS Three Gorges immigrants go through? When will it end?

Category: foreign languages/going abroad >> Immigration

Analysis:

1 inspection and evaluation object of Three Gorges resettlement project

According to the Interim Measures for the Inspection of the Three Gorges Resettlement Project, the inspection object of the Three Gorges Resettlement Project is the relevant counties (autonomous regions and municipalities) in the Three Gorges reservoir area, including all projects and units that use resettlement funds in counties (autonomous regions and municipalities). Generally, it can be divided into the following categories: rural resettlement, county (city) relocation, market town relocation, industrial and mining enterprise relocation, professional engineering reconstruction, environmental protection and landslide control.

2 The contents and tasks of the inspection and evaluation of the Three Gorges resettlement project

According to the inspection objectives of the Three Gorges Resettlement Project, the contents and tasks of the assessment mainly include:

(1) Evaluation on the implementation of resettlement tasks and resettlement fund contracts (referred to as "double contracts"). Focus on analyzing whether the completed resettlement tasks match the completed resettlement funds and whether there is an investment gap.

(2) Overall progress evaluation of resettlement projects. Whether the resettlement progress meets the schedule requirements of the Three Gorges Project and the degree of difference from the control target. At present, the focus of evaluation is whether the resettlement progress under the water level of 135m can meet the water storage needs of the second phase of the hub project.

(3) Evaluation of the overall quality level of the resettlement project. Including whether the entity quality of resettlement project is qualified, whether the functional quality of infrastructure and the quality of resettlement meet the predetermined objectives of resettlement planning.

(4) Evaluation on the use and management of resettlement funds. Mainly refers to the effect of the use of resettlement funds, such as whether the use of resettlement funds is timely, safe and effective.

(5) Evaluate the implementation of national laws and regulations and the Three Gorges resettlement policy (hereinafter referred to as "compliance") and whether there is any distortion in the implementation.

3 Three Gorges Resettlement Project Inspection and Evaluation Reference Framework

The frame of reference is the goal of management control and the evaluation standard of inspection of the Three Gorges resettlement project. This standard includes the technical specifications and standards stipulated by the state and various industry departments, the resettlement standards of the Three Gorges resettlement plan, resettlement tasks, lump sum investment, etc. Due to the complexity of the resettlement project, the inspection, evaluation and analysis are mainly divided into five reference systems: investment contract, planning task, process, water level and annual plan, which specifically stipulates that the resettlement project construction of counties (autonomous regions and municipalities) in the reservoir area should meet the requirements of investment, progress and quality.

Due to the different control objectives and key points of the five reference frames, such as one-time investment, planned tasks, flow, water level and annual plan, there are certain functional defects when used alone, which can be avoided by using the five reference frames comprehensively. Planning index is the standard of total matching analysis, process progress is the control standard of phased resettlement tasks, water level progress is the control standard of resettlement tasks below water level, and annual plan is the control standard of annual resettlement tasks.

In the process of implementation, the planned tasks and process schedule belong to long-term or medium-and long-term plans, and it is normal to adjust with the change of implementation. The key is to use the management control system to confirm the changes, avoid unreasonable changes, and make reasonable changes a part of the reference system to avoid distortion of the evaluation results.

4 Three Gorges Resettlement Project Inspection Evaluation Analysis Method

The evaluation and analysis methods mainly include: matching analysis, difference analysis, standard comparison, trend analysis, comparative analysis, sampling survey and expert scoring. The following focuses on matching analysis and difference analysis.

4. 1 matching analysis method

Matching means that the completed immigration tasks should be coordinated with the immigration funds used, or how many immigration tasks should be completed with the immigration funds used. Matching analysis refers to an analysis method to compare the resettlement tasks completed by the actual resettlement funds with those that should be completed by one-time resettlement funds in the process of resettlement project construction, so as to judge whether the two are coordinated.

4. 1. 1 Basis of matching analysis method

(1) The physical quantity of the resettlement project is equivalent to that of the resettlement task in terms of utility.

On the premise of transforming the physical quantity of the resettlement project into the resettlement task, the physical quantity of the resettlement project is equivalent to that of the resettlement task. The resettlement task is determined by the submerged physical indicators and the resettlement planning indicators; The physical quantity of resettlement project is formed through the construction of resettlement compensation investment projects. Due to the irrecoverable replacement of fixed assets, the expansion of scale and the improvement of standards in the construction process, the physical quantity of resettlement projects is different from that of resettlement tasks. To make them comparable, there are two conditions: first, the amount of money is comparable; The second is that the resettlement effect is the same or similar, and functional compensation can be made. If the 100 m2 brick-concrete structure house built by immigrants and the 200 m2 brick-wood structure house built before the flood have the same impact on immigrants, it is considered that they are comparable.

(2) The corresponding relationship between the physical quantity of the project and the funds used in the project.

The formation of physical objects with the effect of resettlement should be completed through the construction process. In the process of construction, whether the physical quantity corresponds to the capital is another premise of matching analysis. In practice, there are mainly the following situations:

① In the early stage of the resettlement project, the physical quantity has not yet been formed, but the early stage expenses need to be paid, so the matching analysis is meaningless;

(2) When the resettlement project is under construction and the physical quantity is taking shape, the paid construction and installation costs and the physical quantity of the project can be directly compared and analyzed by the proportion of the completion of the two tasks;

(3) when the resettlement project is completed and put into use, the physical quantity has been completed, and the paid trial operation fee can be matched with the physical quantity in advance.

Therefore, when the project is under construction, there may be some differences in the matching of physical quantity and funds due to the need to share the expenses generated in the early stage. This difference will be smaller and smaller with the progress of the project, and will tend to be consistent in the completion acceptance stage. Because the construction and installation cost of the project accounts for a large proportion of the total investment, this difference has little effect on the matching analysis results. At the same time, in practical work, the corresponding relationship between the physical quantity of immigrants and the use of funds is complicated. For example, the construction unit advances funds and defaults on the project payment, so that the physical quantity of the resettlement project does not correspond to the resettlement funds used. In this case, it is necessary to have a guarantee system, that is, to supervise and pay the construction project in strict accordance with the supervision measurement visa, so that the physical quantity progress of the project can be measured in currency.

4. 1.2 calculation method

(1) matching coefficient method

Compare the accumulated resettlement tasks and funds with the one-time resettlement tasks and funds to determine whether they match. The calculation formula is:

Matching coefficient = (actually completed resettlement tasks ÷ lump-sum resettlement tasks) ÷ (actually completed funds ÷ lump-sum resettlement funds)

For the relocation project,

Matching coefficient = (actual placement task ÷ planned task) ÷ (actual investment ÷ budgeted investment)

This calculation method is mainly applicable to the evaluation of "double contracting" for the overall and large-scale resettlement projects of counties (districts and cities) in the reservoir area. The accuracy of evaluation mainly depends on the calculation of effective physical quantity and progress weight coefficient of resettlement projects in the summary accounting from project to category.

(2) Revising the Budget Law

For the actually completed resettlement project, the lump sum compensation price (65438+1May 1993 benchmark price) is used to prepare the budget, which is compared with the actually completed resettlement investment to calculate the investment difference. This method is equivalent to evaluating the resettlement project according to the resettlement compensation standard, and measuring the matching degree according to the difference between the estimated value and the actual completed value. The calculation formula is:

Investment difference = actual investment of completed resettlement project-lump sum budget of completed resettlement project

This calculation method can accurately measure the size of the investment gap of the project, and is suitable for the immigrant projects under construction with immigrant funds as the main part.

4. 1.3 Several Problems in the Application of Matching Analysis Method

(1) During comparative analysis, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the target value has been adjusted. If it has been adjusted, the approved adjustment value should be taken as the target value. With the changes in comparison levels from projects, subjects, events and categories, we should also pay attention to the changes in the scope of the corresponding lump sum investment, and the target value should be adjusted accordingly.

(2) Due to the differences in the construction status and structure of the relocation project, the corresponding relationship between the physical quantity and the capital flow is a variable, so long as it is within the error range, it should be determined as reasonable. Therefore, the matching proportional coefficient should be determined within the allowable error range.

4.2 Difference analysis method

Difference refers to the difference between the actual implementation and the control standard of the reference system. Difference analysis is to find out the reasons of the difference and put forward the measures to correct the difference by calculating the degree and trend analysis of the difference, which is mainly suitable for the analysis of schedule deviation and investment deviation. The main reasons for the difference between the progress and investment of resettlement projects are:

(1) price. Such as changes in building materials and labor prices. We should also consider the influence of national policy adjustment on immigration compensation.

(2) structure. Including three situations, one is that the environmental conditions for implementation have changed greatly, which is an external factor; Second, the external factors of the responsible subject system caused by poor planning consideration; The third is to adjust the plan at will and the internal adjustment of the responsible subject caused by misappropriation of immigrant funds.

(3) efficiency. Including the differences in schedule efficiency, investment efficiency and quality.

4.2. 1 Common classification and content of variance analysis methods

The key of the difference analysis method is to determine three parameters: the planned investment of the completed resettlement project, the planned investment of the planned resettlement project and the actual investment of the completed resettlement project. The premise of variance analysis is to calculate the planned investment, completed investment and completed physical quantity of the relocation project at a certain point in time. Commonly used analysis methods include histogram method, table method and S-shaped curve method, as follows:

(1) bar graph method

Cross-plot method is used to analyze the difference, that is, different crosses are used to identify the planned investment of the completed resettlement project, the planned investment of the planned completed project and the actual investment of the completed project, and the length of the cross is directly proportional to its amount. This method is intuitive, but it reflects less information and is suitable for comparative analysis at the macro level.

(2) tabular method

List method is used to analyze the planned investment of completed projects, the planned investment of planned projects and the actual investment of completed projects. This method has the characteristics of strong flexibility, strong applicability and large amount of information, which is convenient for computer assistance, so it has been widely used in inspection and evaluation.

(3) S-shaped curve method

Choosing time and cost as the coordinate axis, we can use three investment curves, that is, the actual investment of the completed project, the planned investment of the planned completed project and the planned investment of the completed project, to conduct variance analysis. However, this method is difficult to make quantitative analysis, especially the three investment parameters are difficult to calculate, so it is generally not suitable for inspection and evaluation.

4.2.2 Several problems that should be paid attention to in variance analysis

(1) It is necessary to gradually determine the allowable deviation value of the control index of the reference system to make the deviation analysis more operational.

(2) Progress deviation is closely related to investment deviation, so it should be comprehensively used to correctly judge the direction of deviation.

(3) Deviation analysis requires higher project planning system and physical quantity measurement. At present, many projects in the Three Gorges resettlement project do not have direct measurement conditions, and some remedial measures need to be taken, thus affecting the application scope of deviation analysis.

(4) Difference analysis can be divided into multi-levels and multi-factor analysis due to different reference systems and different evaluation units. For example, in the analysis of progress difference, it can be divided into total progress difference, process progress difference, water level progress difference and annual plan difference.

5 conclusion

A variety of evaluation and analysis methods have been adopted in the inspection of the Three Gorges resettlement project. These two methods are often used to evaluate and analyze interested parties. Through the application in practical work, the inspection work of the Three Gorges resettlement project has been carried out more smoothly and the content has been analyzed more thoroughly. At the same time, it has achieved good social effects, which has a certain guiding role for future work.