The frontier of the ancient town of Tianlong Tunpu

After conquering Liang Wang and Tusi, Zhu Yuanzhang adopted the policy of "cultivating fields and guarding borders" and established the "garrison system". He set up "garrisons" in the grain-producing areas of Yunnan and Guizhou and on both sides of the ancient post road, and sent soldiers to station troops, "training three points and training seven points." In the 14th year of Hongwu (138653), Pudingwei was composed of 5,000 households in front, back, left, middle and right. Each household had 1 120 soldiers. The chief said there were 1,000 households: each household had 10 households and each household had/kloc-. Hundreds of households have two general flags, and each general flag has five small flags. The small flags lead 10 troops, and each health center leads a total of 5,600 troops. According to the regulations of the Ming army, 5600 soldiers brought their families, and the families of these soldiers who conquered the south volunteered and were forced to join the ranks of reclamation. This form of reclamation established by soldiers and their families is called military reclamation, which is the earliest form of reclamation in southwest China in Ming Dynasty. After the establishment of the military camp, compared with the numerous minority chieftain forces in Yunnan and Guizhou, it is still in a weak position and cannot "consolidate the country forever". So Zhu Yuanzhang moved the poor, the unemployed and the rich corpses of criminals in the south of the Yangtze River to the Yungui wasteland, and the government distributed land, seeds and farm tools according to regulations. In addition to the food turned over to the government, the remaining mountain wasteland immigrants distribute it themselves. This form of land reclamation is called folk land reclamation. In order to expand the sources of military supplies and speed up the circulation of commodities, especially the salt trade, the imperial court also encouraged businessmen to take part in reclamation, and the businessmen raised their own people and cultivated the land, and exchanged the collected grain for "official salt" from the government for trading. This form of reclamation is called commercial reclamation. Zhu Yuanzhang ordered all the soldiers and civilians to strengthen unity, resist and control the forces of a few local chiefs, ensure the smooth implementation of government decrees and strengthen centralization of authority. Reclaim a field. Immigrants are people in their leisure time and soldiers in wartime. They live in the stockade "Tunbao" with strong military defense function. The large-scale reclamation in southwest China in Ming Dynasty completely changed this "wild land". From the Hongwu period to the middle of the Ming Dynasty, millions of Han immigrants entered the southwest through various forms, forming a huge group of Han immigrants, which changed the situation of "more foreigners and less Han" in the southwest. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, due to the constant wars and heavy taxes, the farming system gradually entered a period of decline.