Historical stories or related legends of Kaiping, Tangshan

Kaiping has a long history. As early as the Neolithic Age, Kaiping Mining Bureau was inhabited.

Rest. Qin and Han Dynasties belonged to Beiping, the right capital, Shicheng County in the Tang Dynasty and Yifeng County in the Yuan Dynasty. In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, "Kaiping Zhongtun Wei" moved here, hence the name Kaiping. 600 years ago, it belonged to Luanxian County in Zhili (now Hebei Province) in Qing Dynasty. Kaiping is the cradle of modern industry in China. /kloc-The first coal mine and the first railway in China were born here at the end of the 9th century. On June 25th, Guangxu 4th year (1878), Kaiping Mining Bureau was formally established in Kaiping Town, Tangshan, Zhili. Guangxu seven years (188 1) officially put into production. There were 3,000 employees, and the coal output in that year was more than 3,600 tons, which increased to 38,000 tons in the following year and 75,000 tons in the third year. In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), it reached 247,000 tons, and in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898), it increased to 730,000 tons. The bureau has continuously expanded equipment and improved transportation conditions. In the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), Kaiping Railway Company was established. The early commercial activities in Kaiping, from the Ming and Qing Dynasties to before the Opium War (1the end of the 6th century to 1840), were the decline period of China's feudal autocracy, which gave birth to the seeds of capitalism on the basis of self-sufficiency in feudal economy. In the middle and late Ming dynasty, the commodity economy developed unprecedentedly, and some economically developed towns in the south of the Yangtze River appeared sparse capitalist buds. Kaiping, as the military and economic center of the north, also shows the weak bud of capitalism. In the third or fourth year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1467 to 1468), the government changed the original earthen city in Kaiping into a brick castle. The stability of the city, the stability of social order and the increase of population make the consumption of residents increase continuously, which creates favorable conditions for Kaiping's economic development and cultivates the soil for the germination of capitalism. In the early Ming Dynasty, the government organized large-scale immigration to Kaiping twice. Of the 2 14 villages, 147 were established in the Ming Dynasty, accounting for 75%. These immigrants from Shanxi, Shandong, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and southern Hebei have built cottages and roads, cultivated land and raised six livestock, which has brought vitality to the rural economy. In order to encourage farmers to develop production, on the one hand, the government divides fields for immigrants and organizes reclamation; On the one hand, it appeals to the scattered aborigines to return to their original places to cultivate their original land. According to the records of Yongping Mansion, the refugees who belonged to the royal family resumed their jobs at that time, and they were "exempted from official duties for three years" and "newly reclaimed land was exempted from taxes for three years". In the first year of Yongle, in addition to the garrison, there were "278 hectares of wasteland, 3,348 stones of grain and 660 bundles of grain and grass". Immigrants reclaimed land and stationed troops in the fields, and soon there was a scene of "village to village, chickens and dogs heard each other" in the vast rural areas, and the rural economy was restored after the war. Develop manual workshops. Kaiping is located in the plain at the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain, and there are rich mineral resources such as coal, bauxite, kaolin and limestone in the hilly areas in the north and west. In the middle and late Ming Dynasty, small coal mines, small bauxite wells and small stone pits were mined by indigenous methods on the mountain ridge 3 kilometers north of Kaiping, which promoted the development of ceramic manual workshops and indigenous lime burning industry. Immigrants from Zaolinzhuang, Shandong Province and Jiexiu, Shanxi Province brought the technology of burning pots and pans, and since then, the kiln burning industry has appeared in China. There are as many as 60 or 70 ceramic factories firing porcelain in steamed bread kilns around Donggang Kiln and Xiguang Kiln, which are named after many kiln workshops. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, there were pots and pans, and the products were mainly coarse porcelain such as big pots, mouth pots, rice pots and rice bowls. The brewing industry is developed, including Kaiping Shengquan and Gongshun Spring. It can be said that "wine flags are everywhere and the streets are full of incense." There are nine sauce gardens, including Yongtai, and many oil-squeezing workshops. Luduo the blacksmith, the knives of the Wang family, the blacksmith of Shandong immigrants, and the small farm tools of the Huo family jingle every day. The commodity economy is active. There are four streets in Kaiping city, and three streets outside the city, with merchants and shops. There are eight major grain fields, including Gonghexing, Yonghe Xing and Tianshunlou. After the autumn harvest, they concentrated on buying farmers' grain and supplying it to the people all the year round. Blessed are Shengxing and other cloth farms dealing in cloth and silk; There are more than 20 shops dealing in daily necessities, such as Chunmaoyong and Tianxinglong. Beneficial to the grocery stores such as Faxiang and Dechangyuan, underwriting foreign goods such as Mobil and Texaco. There are four jewelry buildings, such as HSBC and Yinjia Silversmith Store. There are Sun Shi bankers, Longlai and Longji pawnshops; There are 6 Chinese medicine shops such as Deshengtang and Tongrentang, Rende and Duoren Hospital, and 4 integrated Chinese and Western medicine clinics. In short, all kinds of marketing shops are complete. Kaiping began to gather in the fourth year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1468), and the five elements of the lunar calendar gathered ten times. Every market day, merchants from all directions gather in the market. There are timber outside the customs, mules and horses outside the mouth, dried and fresh fruits from Zunhua, Qianxi and Qian 'an, grain from counties in eastern Hebei, fish, shrimp and seafood along the coast, from knitted department stores to tobacco, alcohol, tea and sugar. Bottle opening is famous for its full range of goods, large quantity and high turnover. It has become one of the important market towns in JD.COM, and is known as "Kaiping City". At the same time, the service industry has also developed greatly, and some traditional snacks have been born. Kaiping Twist, Kaiping Crispy Sugar, Crispy Sesame Cake, Tan Jia jiaozi, Zhao Jia Sliced Cake and Sun Jia Bacon are all the rage. Zhaijia car shop outside the west gate, Wangjiake shop outside the south gate, bathhouse, barber shop and restaurant also came into being. Wage labor appeared. Shops and workshops in Kaiping are owned by family members or workers. There are as few as two or three people and as many as a dozen or twenty people. Most employees are long-term workers, and their employers give them a fixed salary, eat and live in the workshop, and provide three meals a day. There are also short-term ones. There are also temporary workers, who gather in the streets and lanes every morning to wait for employment. Wage labor is one of the basic economic characteristics of capitalism. Financing channels have increased. In ancient times, the small-scale craftsmen in Kaiping had the desire to expand the production scale. The Xin Ming Porcelain Factory in Cylinder Kiln was expanded from one factory to one, two, three and four factories. In the way of raising funds, it is no longer limited to borrowing, but has joint-stock operation, such as "three-in-one (three-in-one homophonic) porcelain factory" and "Liuhe Sheng (Liuhe) porcelain factory". There are also technical shareholders. Donggang Yaoqin's family invests in building kilns, and often the family builds kiln technology, which is called pottery. To some extent, this reflects the requirements of the budding capitalist industry and commerce for development at that time, and also reflects the ideological tendency of the emerging citizen class.