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The origin of Bai Jia's surname Ni

Ni surname is the sixth most populous surname in China, and it is quite influential in the Yangtze River basin. The following is the source of Ni's surname of 100 that I compiled for you. Welcome to check!

Rank of the old hundred surnames: 7 1

Ni surname

Trace the source

There are three sources of Ni surname:

(1) comes from Ji, the second son of Zhu Wugong after the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and takes the country name as his surname. According to the records of Tongzhi imperial clan, surname textual research and etymology, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Emperor Wudi of Qi made his second son Yong (the old city was Tengzhou, Shandong Province) and established Yong as his vassal country. Later generations took the country name as their surname, known as Tan's. During the Warring States Period, Tan Guo was destroyed by Chu State, and in order to avoid enmity, he changed his surname to Er. Later, the original surname was changed to "Tan" and "Gui" and became the Ni family. At the beginning of Han Dynasty, there was Ni Kuan, the first generation descendant of Gongzi Fat.

(2) Since the Spring and Autumn Period, Guo's descendants changed their enmity to Ni's after they arrived in Li. According to Shang You Ji, after arriving in Yong country in the Spring and Autumn Period, another race was called Ni.

(3) changing the surname from other ethnic groups or ethnic minorities. According to the Records of Guan's Family, after Wei and Jin Dynasties, He Yong's compound surname was changed to Tan's and later to Ni's; In the Eight Banners of Manchu in Qing Dynasty, there was a man named Ni who lived in Ningguta. Manchu, Mongolian, Tujia and other ethnic groups all have the surname Ni.

Get a surname ancestor

Ni Kuan. Gancheng (equivalent to today's gaoqing county area) was a minister of the Western Han Dynasty and a water conservancy scientist. He treated the history of business, worked as an imperial adviser, a Chinese medicine practitioner, and a Zuonei historian, and later worshipped the imperial adviser. During his tenure, he attached great importance to water conservancy construction, dispatched migrant workers, and opened six auxiliary canals on the south bank of Zheng Guoqu to irrigate the surrounding highlands. He has made outstanding achievements and won the support of the people. Kuan is a descendant of Zhuan Xu. When Zhuan Xu's descendants were made a state of Yan, they lived in foreign countries because of their contribution to Zhou Tianzi, and their second son friend (Fei) was not made a vassal, so it was also called. It has been respected for some time, because it has repeatedly respected the king from Qi Huangong. During the Warring States Period, the State of Yan was destroyed by the State of Chu, and descendants took the State as their surname. Later, in order to avoid hatred, I removed the surname of "Yi" and added the surname of Ni beside "Ren". Because the country to whom it was first sealed has different opinions, and its descendant Ni Kuan is famous in the history books, so later generations respect Ni Kuan as the ancestor of Ni surname. ?

Reproduction and migration

Now Tengzhou and Zaozhuang in Shandong have places called cities. According to textual research, these two places were the' seat' of the country in the Spring and Autumn Period, and of course they were also the original birthplaces of the surname Ni and later generations. After being destroyed by Chu, it gradually moved northward and settled in the land of Qiancheng. After that, it flourished and gradually became the king of Qiancheng County. During the Warring States Period, it was said in the Song Dynasty that people named Ni settled in Henan during this period. In the Han Dynasty, the surname Ni () appeared in the history books gradually increased, and most of them were scattered figures except Guan, such as the imperial concubine, the military strategist Liang, the Yangzhou secretariat proverb, the Taishou style of Jiuzhen, the Qiang master library, the Changqing people in Linhuai (now Anhui) and the Linzi people in Qi State. It can be seen that the Ni surname () at this time is still mainly propagated in Shandong, and some people have entered the northern part of Anhui. In the late Southern Dynasty, there were Ni Qi, the magistrate of Jiangyin, Zuo Cheng, a senior official, and Ni Shu in Pingzhang, indicating that Ni changed her surname in the Han and Wei Dynasties, and because of social unrest, Ni had moved to the south of the Yangtze River. During the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Ni's family was rare in history books. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Ni family spread more and more widely in the north, and now there are Ni family members in Hebei, Henan and Shanxi. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, due to the Anshi Rebellion and the Huang Chao Uprising, the people were in poverty, and Ni moved to Jiangnan in large numbers. In the Song Dynasty, many people recorded Ni's surname in history books. From the analysis of native place, the Ni family has been distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places during this period. At the end of the Song Dynasty, due to the wanton encirclement and suppression of the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, the areas along the Yangtze River, Zhejiang and Fujian in the south of the Yangtze River were ablaze. Wherever Yuan soldiers went, they burned, killed and plundered, and the people fled. The surname Ni gradually spread to Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the people suffered another disaster, and the people were in a state of war and confusion, burning everywhere, and the population of East China, Central Plains and Central South China dropped sharply. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Ming government immigrated from Shanxi in large numbers in order to restore the local economy. Ni is one of the surnames of Sophora japonica immigrants in Hongdong in Ming Dynasty, and has moved to Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hebei and other places. When Nishi moved to Taiwan Province, it was in the Qing Dynasty, and a Nishi came from Fujian. In this issue, there is also a person named Ni who travels from Shandong to the three northeastern provinces. Today, the surname Ni is widely distributed in China, especially in Jiangsu, Hubei, Shanghai and other provinces and cities. The Ni surname in these three places accounts for about 60% of the Han population in China.

In the process of long-term reproduction, broadcasting and relocation, the appearance of the county is mainly formed as follows:

Counties in the western han dynasty. The ancient city is located in the north of Gaoyuan Town, gaoqing county. It governs Boxing, Gaoqing, Binxian and other places in northern Shandong today.

Hall number:

1. County HallNo.: Qiancheng.

② Zilitang number: Jing Huo, Huo Jing, Dai Jing, Yi De, Shi De, Cheng De, He Yi, Yi Zhen, Jian Ben, Bao Ben, Chong Ben, Ai Ri, Ning Yuan, Yong Si, Ji Yi, Ji Shan, Le Shan, Yong Mu, Yi An, Pei De, Zhong De, Dedication, etc.

Clan characteristics

1, Ni's surname was changed from Li's to avoid enmity, but when did it begin? Now there is no way to prove it. Let people of insight solve this eternal mystery!

2. After the Song Dynasty, the outstanding figures of Ni began to appear in history. Only in the Song Dynasty, famous figures such as Ni Si, Ni Shan, Ni, Ni Tao, Ni Zuchang, Ni Pu and Ni appeared.

Word generation:

A Ni Bei: The apocalypse is kind, the land is pure and heavy, people are loyal and auspicious, and they are very prosperous.

Ni Baoshi, a native of Tengzhou, Shandong Province, is a member of various classes: Longzhi: Baolai West shines, Yan (Guang) Cheng (Yong) starts to vibrate (Sheng) has a long way to go (Germany), and Qing (Feng) will go down tomorrow; Two branches: Zi (Bang) Shang Qingting (Zhi) Yong (Angel) Biao (East History Book) Heng (Zong Wanji) Xing (Shu Zhen Style) Meng (Yu Han) Ke (Guangjing (Lingyun) Bao (De) Fu (Chuan); Three sects: Yu Bao Gongsi Gang Rong Keguang Zhu Yingchong Ji Shouhong Taoist Pei Yi Liang Ming; Four branches: Bao Xian Shen Sibang Minde (Shen) Yun (from school) Ji (Bao Zi) Deng (Shanchundao) Shi (home) Yu (its) Pei; Five branches: Baoxianlong Kaichong Dong Pei Pi (Yuan) Guang (Shang) Fang (North) Chao (Wen) Feng (Chuan) Yu (Xing) Yun (Yongjing) Jian (Xian) Guo (Qing) Jia (Guang); Six branches: Bao Maoting, Xian, Peck, Li, Shou Jingde; Seven branches: protecting the election, thinking about the future, shining, prolonging life from (Guang) Zong (Deting) Chun (Nanwen) Bu (Xue Xing) Ruo (Tang Chang) Fu (Shi) Jin (Cheng Qingsi) Bo (Yi) Zhao (Pei) Yun (Yongming) Zheng (Liang).

Ni Ci generation in Chaonan, Shantou, Guangdong Province: inheriting the tradition and prospering the chapter, cultivating talents, being benevolent and benevolent, and being gentle and gentle.

The Ni Hakka in Nankang, Ganzhou, Jiangxi: Xingfatai, Ding Xianming, Chang Zhisi and Zong. Benevolence, courtesy, wisdom and faith make Fu Lushou more glorious. Satellites are highly auspicious, and their loyalty is a family heirloom.

Celebrity essence

Ni said: During the Warring States Period, the Song people said that he was a famous philosopher and was famous for his eloquence. He raised the question of "a white horse is not a horse" earlier.

Polinm Ni: Zi Ming was born in Linzi (now Zibo) in Han Dynasty. Renxiao Dundu, a year of famine, people eat each other, and my brother went out of the city to pick vegetables, and they were caught and wanted to eat my brother. His younger brother is thinner than healthy, and he is willing to take his place. Don't kill if you think it's just.

Ni Ruoshui: Born in Gaocheng (now Hebei), he was a famous minister in the Tang Dynasty. Jinshi origin, as Bianzhou secretariat, politically still calm and weathered. Tang Xuanzong sent people to the south to catch rare birds and animals, and if water was used, it would be stopped. The official is right.

Ni: During the Song Dynasty, he was an official in Fu 'an (now Fujian). Xianchun Jinshi, officer to Anren county commandant, Liu Qing magistrate. Yuan soldiers retired south, Yuan Shizu couldn't recruit.

Ni Si: Born in Gui 'an, Huzhou (now Xing Wu, Zhejiang), he was a scholar-bureaucrat in Song Dynasty. He has served as assistant minister and minister of rites, and is famous for his direct advice. He is well-read and versatile, and has written Jingchutang Magazine, Qi Shan A and B Manuscripts, Jianshan Collection and so on.

Ni Tao (1087- 1 125) was an official in the Northern Song Dynasty. The word Juji was born in Guangde (now Guangde, Anhui). He couldn't write. At the age of fifteen, he got the first place in imperial academy, so he was promoted to Jinshi. Tired of the official-left split, the foreign minister discussed Yan Yun. The minister dared not say what he had done wrong, but Tao suggested that Liao should keep his promise and not invade the border. Today, Song Jun is not used to positional warfare, and its military reserves are insufficient. It is not easy to leave the ground, otherwise it will lead to future trouble. Wang Fu was criticized, demoted to wine tax in Chaocheng County and moved to Chaling Shipyard, where he died of illness. Author of Yunyang Collection.

Ni Zan (130 1- 1374) was a painter and poet in the Yuan Dynasty. Formerly known as Zhen, Zi Town,No. Yunlin, alias Fantasy Xia Sheng, Jing Manmin, etc. A native of Meilituo Village, Wuxi, Changzhou (now Meili Town, Wuxi, Jiangsu). Born in a rich family in Jiangnan, he believes in Taoism. At the end of the yuan dynasty, in order to avoid war and run out of money, he hid in three branches of five lakes and sent calligraphy and painting. He is withdrawn, unsociable and a neat freak. The world calls him Ni Yu. Good at landscapes, bamboo stones, dead wood, etc. And his landscape teachers Dong Yuan, Hao Jing, Guan Tong, Li Cheng, etc. have all developed, and their paintings are unpretentious and their styles are naive and quiet. Most of the works draw mountains and rivers around Taihu Lake, with plain composition and simple scenery, mostly sparse slopes and shallow water. Using a pen to change the center to the side, folding and drawing stones, the pen and ink are dry, elegant and rambling, the artistic conception is desolate and lonely, and the style is simple and detached. Mo Zhu Xiao Shuang Qing Li. On painting, the author advocates expressing subjective feelings, and thinks that painting should show the author's "escape from the chest without seeking form", saying that "the so-called servant painter is just unintentional, not seeking form, and chatting to entertain himself." His painting practice and theoretical viewpoints had a great influence on literati painters in Ming and Qing Dynasties and enjoyed a high reputation. His painting history is equal to that of Huang, Zhenwu and Wang Meng. Calligraphy, good at regular script, beautiful and elegant ancient light, Wei Jin people style. There are water bamboo residence map, over-the-knee lent map, fishing village Qiu Ji map, mountain gull map, quiet stream cold pine map, beautiful trees in autumn pavilion, strange rocks and bamboo trees handed down from generation to generation. Ni Zan is also good at poetry. In addition to writing landscapes, some of his works can also touch the reality, and his poetic style is natural and elegant. Author of Qing Pavilion Collection (volume 12).

Ni Qian (14 15- 1479), Chen Ming. The word Kerang, whose name is respected, was born in Shangyuan (Nanjing). Orthodox Jinshi. Authorized editing. Jingtai was originally sent to South Korea. Heaven obeys one place and moves to another. Because the examiner is the son of a powerful person in Shuntian, he was punished for keeping Kaiping. Xi' an mansion, eventually Nanjing does history. I used to edit the chronicle of the whole world. There are Annals of Korea, Ni Wenxi's Collection, etc.

Ni Wenjun: A native of Mianyang (present-day Hubei), he was a general of the Red Scarf Army in the south at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and his name was Man Zi. He rebelled against Xu Shouhui and became a marshal. 1356 met Xu Shouhui in Hanyang, rebuilt the political power and became the prime minister. After failing to murder Xu Shouhui, he went to Huangzhou, where he was killed by his ministry, Chen Youliang.

Ni (1593- 1644) is a famous official and painter. The word Yuru,no. Hongbao, is from Shangyu, Zhejiang. Apocalypse Jinshi funding editor Li Guanhu, Shangshu, Bachelor of Academia Sinica. Integrity and loyalty. "History of Ming Dynasty" contains its "elegant and upright view, gradually revealing its position." I once said it, but it is the source of talents in the world. Please destroy the "essence of the three dynasties". Li Zicheng was trapped in Beijing and hanged himself. Stone. Qing Shi Wen Town. Works, poetry, calligraphy, painting. Especially good at walking on the grass, painting landscapes and carnations, ink smudges, very elegant and elegant. There are Ni Wenzhen's collection, sparse forest and bamboo stone map, Hongbao Yingben and so on.

Ni yongbin (? -166 1), the official of A Qing. A native of Wuxian (now Jiangsu) in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, his surname was Wang, and his word was heavy. student In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (1660), he was ordered by Wuxian, plundering the wealth of the people, exacting money and grain, and encroaching on Changping to store rice and stones privately, and the people were resentful. During sai-jo's funeral, he took the opportunity of mourning with all the students to send a message to Governor Zhu Guozhi. However, due to the intervention of the state administration and Wei Chu, he was arrested, and Luo Zhi was convicted and framed to death.

Ni Can (1627- 1688), a beginner in Qing Dynasty, is a bibliographer of historical records. The word dark man. Jiangsu Shangyuan (now Nanjing) people. It is famous for its history of awarding a review to the Hanlin Academy. It is a masterpiece to participate in the compilation of the History of Ming Dynasty and write the Preface to the Records of Arts and Literature. He is also good at calligraphy and poetry, including Wild Goose Garden Collection.

Ni Daosun: Renhe (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) was a painter and poet in the Qing Dynasty. Don't write lyrics, tour the gate of Wu Palace, and broadcast wuyue. Nature likes stones, and seals are fine. Good at drawing orchids, the pen is thin and light, full of escape.

Ni Yingdian (1885- 19 10) was a martyr of modern democratic revolution. In the late Qing Dynasty, he was born in Hefei, Anhui. In the 31st year of Guangxu (1905), he entered Vietnam. After graduating from the artillery department of Jiangnan Lushi School, he served as an officer in the artillery team of the ninth town of Qingxin Army, plotting revolution. Join the League in the same year. In thirty-three years, he returned to Anhui, where he successively served as an officer in the management zone and artillery corps of the cavalry battalion of the new army, and in the spring of the following year, he conspired with Xiong and others to rebel. He went to Guangzhou when the incident broke out. In the second year of Xuantong (19 10), he launched a new army uprising and was suddenly attacked by Lee Joon, the governor of Guangdong Navy, who was defeated and sacrificed.

Ni Sichong, a native of Fuyang, Anhui Province, was the leader of Beiyang warlord Anhui Province. He joined the Huai army in his early years and followed Yuan Shikai. During the second revolution, he was ordered by Yuan to capture Anqing and became the governor of Anhui. After Yuan's death, Duan was possessed. 1920 direct Anhui war, Anhui department was defeated and dissolved.

Ni Zhiliang: Beijinger, senior general. He graduated from Whampoa Military Academy and joined the Producers' Party of China in 1926. He used to be the chief of staff of the Red Fourth Army and the president of the Red Army University, the chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division, and the deputy commander of the Ximan Military Region. After liberation, he served as ambassador to North Korea and vice minister of supervision of the People's Liberation Army. And was awarded the rank of lieutenant general by the Central Military Commission. Died in 1965.

Other celebrities named after Ni are Song Dynasty officials Ni, scholars Ni Pu and poets; Qing Dynasty poets Ni Shu and Ni Wan, poets Ni Xiao, etc. Contemporary celebrities named after Ni include politician Ni Zhifu, PLA general Ni Zhiliang, Beiyang Anhui warlord Ni Sichong, international jurist Ni Zheng, linguist Ni Haishu, oil painter Ni Yide, film actor Ni Ping and chess player Ni Hua.

Supplement: Ni is the11surname in China with a large population, accounting for about 0. 14% of the Han population in China.