Transportation in Hungary

Holocaust Remembrance Day:1944 April 16

Freedom Day: 1848 March 15.

National Cohesion Day: On June 4th, the Hungarian nation originally belonged to the Finnish-Ugric ethnic group, and their nomadic tribes moved westward from the grassland in southern Russia to the middle reaches of the Danube River at the end of the 9th century/the beginning of the 0th century/the Kloc-0th century. 1 1 At the beginning of the century, all tribes unified and established a country. The development of Hungarian national music culture is deeply influenced by other national music cultures. Due to the introduction of Christianity and the influence of church hymns, the early Hungarian music culture gradually lost its original oriental tradition and was Europeanized. /kloc-In the 6th century, when Turkey invaded, Hungarian music was influenced by oriental music. /kloc-After Hungary was ruled by Austria in the 0/7th century, German-Austrian music was introduced to Hungary, which had an important influence on the development of Hungarian music.

folk music

The early Hungarian folk songs are mostly narrative songs in theme. Most of them use pentatonic scale, with free rhythm and irregular structure, which has less relationship with western European music and more obvious relationship with eastern music such as Turkey. Under the influence of western European music, Hungarian folk songs changed significantly in the17 ~18th century. The ancient pentatonic scale was replaced by Dorian mode, sticky Lydia mode and modern big mode; The rhythm has also changed from freestyle to regularity, and syncopation rhythm closely related to Hungarian has appeared; The structure of the song is more regular and symmetrical, but it is still a single voice. With the development of the city, urban folk music has also developed. /kloc-In the late 8th century, there appeared dance accompaniment music for recruiting new soldiers, namely whip dance. This kind of dance music, usually played by gypsies, is influenced by the traditional techniques of western European music and also contains gypsy music factors; In form and structure, it consists of two parts: Adagio and Allegro, which are opposite in nature. /kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, childas dance music was formed on the basis of Welbensh dance music. This kind of dance music keeps the basic structural characteristics of Weber's dance music, but the Allegro part has been greatly developed. The 1 part of Csardas dance music is called Rasheed, which has a slow rhythm and a sad style. The second part is called French fries, which is fast-paced and passionate. The scale usually used in this kind of dance music is called "Gypsy Scale", which is characterized by the rise of the 4 th and 7 th grades in minor form, forming two intervals with increasing degrees between the 3 rd and 4 th grades and the 6 th and 7 th grades.

Professional music

Although the development of Hungarian professional music was hindered by the Turkish invasion in the Middle Ages, it developed. For example, the earliest collection of Hungarian secular music was published in1the first half of the 6th century; There are such influential composers and pipa players as Buck Falk (1507 ~ 1576) in Europe. /kloc-At the end of 0/7, Hungary was annexed by Austria. Since then, the Habsburg dynasty has vigorously promoted Germanization in culture, and the development of Hungarian national music has never recovered. Most of the music industry is in the hands of foreigners such as Germany. /kloc-in the 0 th and 8 th centuries, there were always quite good orchestras and choirs in the upper-class nobles' homes. For example, J. Haydn worked for a long time in the Hungarian P.A. Estelhazi Die Prinzen.

Life theme

At the same time, the musical life in Hungarian cities developed and the earliest Hungarian musical comedies appeared. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/9th century, the Hungarian national movement rose, which promoted the important development of national music culture. The two most important representatives are F. Lister and F. Elk. Although Liszt has lived in France, Germany and other countries for a long time, he has always kept in touch with Hungarian music traditions. He not only founded the Budapest Conservatory of Music, but also performed in China, and used a lot of Hungarian people's life themes and Hungarian folk music materials in his instrumental music creation. His 20 hungarian rhapsody has become an important document of Hungarian national music. Elk is the real founder of Hungarian National Opera House. His creation, performance and educational activities had an important influence on Hungarian music life in the second half of the19th century. His representative operas Laszlo and Governor Bunker have become classics of Hungarian national operas. 1. Passport: a valid passport (valid for more than 3 months after obtaining a visa);

2. Photos: 1 color photo (within 6 months);

3. Application Form: A complete and signed visa application form;

4. Health insurance: (including accident medical insurance, medical transportation and overseas health insurance in Schengen member countries, with a coverage of not less than 30,000 euros);

5. If the applicant is a non-citizen, a certificate of legal residence in the country;

6. Documentary evidence: When submitting a visa application, the applicant should provide the asset certificate of the travel expenses undertaker and the travel purpose certificate in addition to the above materials.

7. Documents required for proof of assets: original proof of employer's income; Or the bank deposit certificate of the last 3 months; Or a pension certificate; Or the business license of a private enterprise or self-employed; Or valid air tickets, air ticket reservations and advance payment certificates, hotel orders; Or a statement issued by a legal institution to bear all the expenses; Or an official invitation letter issued and stamped by the Hungarian Immigration Bureau.