How to inherit traditional culture in environmental art design

1. Environmental art design should be national and contemporary

In today's diversified design development, various trends of thought and styles emerge frequently. In order not to blind designers Submerged among them, the status of cultural connotation becomes even more important.

Environmental art design should be of national character. my country's design education started late due to some factors, and it is still groping on the road of education model. It has become a common phenomenon to copy Western design or inherit Western design concepts, but it is difficult to reflect the national character of the Chinese nation with profound cultural heritage. On the other hand, the times are developing rapidly, and under the background that the earth has become a "global village", culture has converged, especially in China. Therefore, commentators often say that the commercial centers in China’s big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou are similar, have no characteristics, and are difficult to distinguish. The regional nature of design is a narrower concept than the national nature. It represents the historical evolution and folk custom characteristics of the region and is highly identifiable. For example, why are Su Zuo and Guang Zuo, two of the most representative pieces of Ming-style furniture, from the same dynasty so easy to identify? It is precisely because of their completely different regional characteristics: because Guangzhou Furniture is located in an open port on the coast, many decorative features of Western Rococo furniture have appeared under the influence of foreign culture; while Suzhou is located inland, and raw wood is consumed along the way to Suzhou. At that time, there was a slight shortage, and the skilled craftsmen cherished wood as much as gold, which resulted in the ingenuity of Su's furniture.

Environmental art design should also be contemporary. The pursuit of innovation is a focus of environmental art design, but innovation does not mean that we have to completely negate the things of the old era. In fact, environmental art design was created in order to seek a new way of life and to abandon the old things in the process of constant replacement of old and new things. While inheriting the tradition, there is an innovative interpretation of the tradition, which is like injecting soul into a body of flesh and blood. Using new materials and higher techniques for new interpretations, and being rooted in the times, only such design works can be fresh, compete with time, and not be forgotten by history.

(1) Unique "paper-cut" - why should traditional culture be reflected in design

Environmental art design should reflect traditional culture, design with national characteristics and reflect national culture The works are more able to arouse the audience's emotional response. As a traditional folk art, paper-cutting is a cultural deposit of five thousand years of Chinese history. Many designers use paper-cutting art as inspiration, extract its unique language and symbols, and use it in design to give their works a unique charm. At the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, the appearance design of the Polish Pavilion was impressive and caused a sensation. The shape of the exhibition hall is abstract and irregular, and the surface is covered with hollow patterns, just like folk paper-cutting, giving visitors an interesting visual experience: the changing colors of light pass through the paper-cutting patterns to create an effect of light and dark in the museum. Paper-cutting is also a traditional folk skill in Poland. In the past, Poles used paper-cutting works to decorate their homes and regarded it as a decorative art. So young Polish designers used bold ideas and ingenious creativity to apply paper-cut elements to the appearance of buildings. In this way, small paper-cuts connect the cultures of the two countries and the hearts of the two peoples.

Really good environmental art design works should be emotional. If this emotion can be combined with the aesthetic emotions of the local nation, then this emotion will be sublimated into a national emotion. Emotions convey a culture at the same time, and its design significance is even more profound.

(2) When coffee meets "Laozhuang" - blending traditional culture and modern design

Contemporary and national characteristics are "new" in another sense with "old". New and old are literally opposites, but when applied to environmental art design, they can indeed become complementary. If according to Taoist thinking - everything has yin and yang, then the new and old interspersed in the design integrate the national characteristics with the characteristics of the times, which is a kind of yin and yang harmony.

Starbucks located on Shantang Street in Suzhou perfectly integrates this "new" and "old", creating a wonderful spark between Western culture and traditional culture. The original intention of Starbucks was to promote a new "coffee life" and make coffee shops a third space between home and office. Therefore, Starbucks store design is always at the forefront of trends. Starbucks is a famous global chain of coffee shops, and Shantang Street is an ancient street with a history of more than 1,100 years. The street is full of ancient garden-style buildings. The two can be perfectly blended in the interior design. I have to admire the designer's creativity. Control ability. The decoration style of the cafe is antique Simplified Chinese style: the first thing you see when you climb to the second floor is the traditional ancient building beam structure on the roof; one side of the dining area is an Eight Immortals table with modern minimalist style dining chairs, and the other side has a spacious leather The sofa complements it; the dining table is separated by a Chinese hollow carved screen; the walls are decorated with calligraphy paintings and blue and white porcelain ornaments. The large area of ??wood color is matched with the gray walls and black tiles. The only bright color comes from the shelves filled with fashion magazines staggered in the corners. Its store decoration style is completely integrated with the mountain and pond scenery, unifying function and art, and creating a unique artistic conception. The materials, colors, or structures used in store decoration all vaguely reveal the Taoist thought of "the unity of nature and man." So when coffee meets "Lao Zhuang", not only is there no abruptness, but it gives people a sense of harmony between yin and yang.

(Figure 1)

2. Exploring Hainan-style resort hotel design with local regional culture

(1) Analysis of the current situation of Hainan resort hotel industry

2010 The issuance of a document, "Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Construction and Development of Hainan International Tourism Island", is both an opportunity and a challenge to Hainan's economic development. The tourism industry is the pillar industry of Hainan Province's economy, and the hotel industry plays a pivotal role in it. As the number of tourists visiting Hainan increases year by year, how to develop Hainan's resort hotel industry has become an urgent issue in the process of building Hainan as an international tourist island. According to surveys, Hainan is the region with the most resort hotels and the highest concentration of five-star hotels in the country. However, top brand hotels such as Hilton, Sheraton, and Marriott are all designed by outstanding foreign designers, which do not reflect Hainan's local regional culture, making tourists forget where they are while enjoying luxurious services. The purpose of tourists coming to Hainan is to relax and pursue the atmosphere of a leisure island and a slow life. In addition, most tourists’ understanding of Hainan’s local culture is reflected in the Li culture and marine culture, which determines the Hainan style vacation. The positioning of the hotel. How to apply these elements into design to give viewers a sense of belonging and identity is what designers in Hainan need to study. How to highlight the Hainanese local characteristics of resort hotels and make hotels with rich Hainanese culture stand out in the fierce competition is also what the hotel industry needs to think about.

(2) How to inherit Hainan Li culture in the design of resort hotels

Hainan is an independent geographical unit and cultural unit, which has created its diverse immigrant society and colorful Regional culture. Before the establishment of the province, Hainan Island was relatively isolated and had less population movement than inland areas. Therefore, Hainan's native Li culture was completely preserved and was clearly differentiated from other ethnic minorities. It can be said that Li culture is an important representative of Hainan regional culture.

As the construction of Hainan International Tourism Island accelerates, some designers have begun to think about the importance of regional culture and try to design unique Hainan-style hotels. However, due to the influence of the market economy, some designers are eager for quick success and only stay on the surface of Hainan culture and are unwilling to study the cultural essence. They copy the Li elements as they are or only take their appearance. Only focusing on form but ignoring cultural connotation results in design works that are pale, superficial, or even monotonous. Take a hotel in Haikou as an example: its overall style is to add some Hainan elements to the Southeast Asian tone - the decorative patterns on the Li brocade, of which the most commonly used is "Hercules". According to legend, Hercules shot down the excess sun and moon in the sky to eliminate harm for the people, creating a new world. Therefore, in the creation myth of the Li people, Hercules is the embodiment of bravery and wisdom of the Li people. It should be a good idea to use local totems with such meanings in local interior space design. However, the designer used the completely untransformed Li brocade pattern on the ceiling of the lobby, the solid wood partitions in the rest area, and the background wall of the front desk. (See Figure 2) Such traditional cultural symbols are piled up without thinking and fill the entire indoor space, which will only cause visual fatigue and make the viewer feel uninterested. The so-called "inheritance" refers to inheritance and development. If we only blindly inherit traditional culture in design and directly reproduce some national symbols, then design will stagnate and no longer develop. Why does the fashion industry regard the "little black dress" designed by Mademoiselle Chanel as a timeless classic? Because this design not only inherits tradition, but also subverts tradition and injects new vitality into tradition. Applying traditional culture in design is not a blind plagiarism of antiquities. It should be like the "use doctrine" proposed by Mr. Lu Xun, and we should take it selectively and take it for my own use. There are great differences between modern architecture and traditional architecture in terms of materials, structure, and spatial layout, because our needs have changed from those of the ancients. Therefore, the interior decoration style must also be changed accordingly. It can be seen that the inheritance and application of the traditional culture of Hainan Li people in the design of resort hotels can be analyzed from the following design elements:

1. Li brocade

Li brocade is the culture of Li people the most representative works of art. The patterns of Li brocade are ever-changing and have rich aesthetic connotation and cultural heritage. The tattoo itself uses the technique of exaggeration and deformation, which is an abstract expression of the good life of the Li people. These patterns can be used indoors as hollow partition decorations to separate spaces; they can be used in furniture soft furnishings as decorative patterns for sofa cushions and bedding, or the brocade can be deformed to make dining tables and coffee tables. Table flags; you can use brocade directly, or use further abstract brocade patterns, relying on oil painting, gouache and other techniques to make characteristic decorative paintings; you can also extract the bright colors of Li brocade and use it as the main color scheme of interior design.

2. Boat-shaped house

According to the literature: "The Li people live in a house with two eaves. When the Han people live next to it, they open the door under the eaves and weave wood into the wall and paint it with Mud is like a boat canopy. "This is the traditional house of the Li people - a boat-shaped house. Applying the elements of the boat-shaped house to environmental art design, it can be combined with the ceiling of the indoor space, and the ceiling can be made into a sloping gable roof, with thatch or bamboo mat facings to reflect its essence; it can also be used in The building shape directly imitates the boat-shaped house structure, and designs building components with thatch covers or resting pavilions in the hotel garden landscape.

3. Single wooden ware and Li wood carvings

Single wooden ware is a variety of utensils carved from a piece of log, which is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Li people. There are many kinds of wooden utensils, ranging from daily utensils to production tools and religious and cultural utensils. Common single wooden utensils in Li family life scenes include rice pounding mortars, single wooden stools, single wooden grain buckets, etc. These single wooden utensils are all carved with geometric patterns, animal and plant patterns, scenes of labor and life and other patterns on the outer walls, which have a strong Li ethnic customs and style. Recognizability. In addition, the single-wood skin drum is a traditional religious tool of the Li people for recruiting people, offering sacrifices, and serving as a musical instrument. It is called a "living fossil" for studying the history and culture of the Li people. If the traditional wooden utensils of the Li people can be slightly deformed or refined and used as furniture design or furnishings in resort hotels, it will be refreshing and impressive for the viewers. Such a strong visual and emotional shock is the luxury service of high-end hotels. Incomparable.

4. Li musical instruments

Li traditional musical instruments are rare on the market, but in fact they have a long history and include plucked instruments, string instruments, percussion instruments and wind instruments. Everything is available. The main traditional musical instruments include: single wooden drum, jingdong wood, kou bow, li lie, beep, kou bai, nose flute, zhuo bar and so on. Among them, the nasal flute requires the player to use the nostrils instead of the mouth to play, which is a very distinctive musical instrument of the Li people. These musical instruments can be directly used as indoor ornaments or pendants, or they can be transformed and used in the design of lamps and furniture according to their size and shape. Such a space not only combines with local customs and contains unique Li customs and culture, but also adds rhythm due to the appearance of musical instruments.

(3) Combine traditional culture with new materials and techniques

With the rapid development of science and technology, the birth of some new materials and new techniques has provided unlimited possibilities for the development of the design industry. sex. For example, the Polish Pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo mentioned above - its unique appearance makes the pavilion look like a huge paper-cut art piece. Of course, the main material of the building is not paper, but a kind of laser-cut plywood. Designers combine art and technology to make the building's exterior surface waterproof, fireproof, and anti-ultraviolet radiation. If it were not for modern technology and advanced craftsmanship, such fantastic ideas would not be put into practice.

Combining traditional culture with new materials and techniques, its expression techniques can be both concrete and abstract. Hainan Island is located in the tropics and is rich in species. Materials with local characteristics such as coconut shells, shells, huanghuali, volcanic rocks, etc. are often used in environmental art design. However, designers often use these materials in a step-by-step and rigid manner. They directly cut, polish, and carve the materials and then use them for decoration. These are all concrete expressions of regional culture with the help of local materials. However, if used too much, they will inevitably lose their characteristics and become slightly popular, which will reduce the cultural heritage of the design works. In fact, you can also use local materials for further processing to make the materials more ecological and humane, or use metaphors to infiltrate traditional culture into the design works. Abstract expression is more implicit, it is a transformation of symbols, and it also needs to be completed by new technology. What is worthy of appreciation is a kind of old shipwood furniture that is gradually becoming popular in Hainan. The furniture itself is made of abandoned fishing boat wood, with a simple shape, clear texture and antique flavor. The wood has been anti-corrosion and insect-proof after being soaked in sea water for many years. Old ship wood furniture has both use value and ornamental value. It reflects Hainan's unique fishery culture and island culture, and has a sense of historical vicissitudes and appeal. If old shipwood furniture can be placed in the lobby of a Hainan-style hotel, with modern-style soft bags and furnishings, and a clever fusion of traditional culture and modern design, a new and unique Hainan style will be born.

Only by daring to innovate, dare to break through, and boldly adopt new materials and new techniques, can we design works that surpass those of our predecessors. Therefore, while designers improve their own artistic accomplishment, they must also be good at combining broad thinking with new scientific and technological achievements, and remain highly sensitive to new materials and processes.

3. Conclusion

Really good design works should embody national emotions while spreading a culture, so that the design meaning will be more connotative and far-reaching. Traditional culture and modern design do not conflict, and can also be a kind of harmonious relationship. Integrating traditional culture into modern design, or re-creating traditional culture, will give the work an absolute advantage in the fierce market competition. Highlighting regional characteristics has become a major trend in the design industry. It is believed that Hainan-style hotels with regional culture will usher in the rise and will undoubtedly have a huge promotion effect on the construction of Hainan International Tourism Island.

References

[1] Qiu Haidong. Insisting on Design[M]. Haikou: Hainan Publishing House, 2012 (10).

[2] Tian Hao .Research on the application of traditional culture in modern interior design[D]. Chengdu: Sichuan University, 2006.

[3] Fu Guihua. Li traditional brocade[M]. Haikou: Hainan Publishing House, 2006.

[4] Wang Xueping. Li traditional culture [M]. Beijing: Xinhua Publishing House, 2001.

[5] Qiu Haidong. Reappearance of Hainan regional culture - Hainan Li traditional culture Influence on contemporary interior design[J]. Art Grand View, 2011 (1).