Why does Gutian have the title of "Edible Mushroom Capital of China"?

Gutian County, Fujian Province, which was named "Edible Fungi Capital of China" by China Edible Fungi Association, devoted itself to the development of edible fungi industry and promoted the great leap of county economy. Not only did the farmers in this county find a good way to get rich and increase their income, but they also promoted mushroom farmers all over the country to get rich together, which was called "Gutian phenomenon" by CPPCC members to solve the "three rural issues". In 2008, the output of edible fungi in this county was 479,000 tons, with an output value of 65.438+0.5 billion yuan. It is a demonstration county with the highest output, the largest scale and the most varieties in China. Gutian county has a long history of edible fungi production. As early as 609 AD, there were people engaged in mushroom production in China. Artificial cultivation of tremella began in the late 1960s, but at that time, basswood cultivation was the main method, with long production cycle and low yield, so it was difficult to form large-scale production. In the middle and late 1970s, Gutian people pioneered the bag cultivation technology of edible fungi in the world through exploration and experiments. In 1980s, the outdoor bag cultivation technology of Lentinus edodes, the cultivation technology of Dictyophora indusiata as raw material and the cultivation technology of Tremella fuciformis cottonseed hull as substitute material were successfully developed. In recent years, the realization of southern cultivation technology of Auricularia auricula, the research of Agrocybe aegerita strains and the innovative technology of formula has driven the "five waves" of the production of Tremella, Lentinus edodes, Dictyophora edodes, Auricularia auricula and Agrocybe aegerita in China, and formed the "Gutian Edible Mushroom Cultivation Model" which is famous all over the country. Edible fungi production has become the pillar industry of Gutian County and the main way for farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich and well-off. According to statistics, in recent years, the annual output of edible fungi in Gutian County has increased by more than 10%. Gutian county is a big agricultural county, and the agricultural population accounts for 80% of the total population. In order to lead farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich and well-off, Gutian County Party Committee and government put forward the development strategy of "rejuvenating the county by bacteria", and cultivated edible fungi as a key pillar industry as a development and production project to support immigrants. Through the implementation of the "100 villages and 100,000 households" project, the county has established 100 specialized edible fungus production villages and 10000 specialized households, built agricultural production bases, and comprehensively promoted standardization and industrialization. Constantly increase the output of edible fungi, improve product quality, actively carry out scientific research, accelerate the development, introduction and popularization of new varieties, new technologies and new processes, continuously improve the scientific and technological content and level of edible fungi industry, and accelerate the transformation of edible fungi industry from traditional to scientific and technological, so as to achieve "no one has me, people have me, and people are superior to me." After more than 40 years of research and development, the development of edible fungi industry in Gutian County has formed an industrial development pattern of regional layout, specialized production, integrated management, socialized service and enterprise management, showing six characteristics: First, production is popular. More than 80% farmers in the county are engaged in the production and marketing of edible fungi, and there are more than 200,000 people directly engaged in the edible fungi industry. The income of edible fungi accounts for 1/3 of farmers' net income. The second is the production base. According to different geographical environment and climatic conditions, the production mode of edible fungi should be rationally distributed throughout the county, and four production bases of tremella, shiitake mushrooms, Agrocybe aegerita and new rare fungi should be gradually formed to promote the development of "company+base (farmer)" industrialization mode. The third is the anniversary of production. According to different varieties, different temperature types, different seasons and different geographical locations, the production of edible fungi such as off-season production and greenhouse cultivation in winter will be scientifically arranged to form a perennial production pattern. Fourth, the product structure is diversified. The county has developed and produced 36 kinds of edible fungi, including more than 20 kinds of tremella, Lentinus edodes, dictyophora, Hericium erinaceus, Agrocybe aegerita, Auricularia auricula and Flammulina velutipes, realizing large-scale production, changing from single variety to multi-variety series, forming a development pattern of "expanding the scale of main varieties and keeping pace with rare bacteria", and becoming the most complete edible fungi production base county in China. The fifth is the specialization of production technology. The county has formed a professional team system from the supply of raw and auxiliary materials to scientific research, seed production, cultivation, processing, sales, machinery and equipment, technology promotion and other links, and the division of labor in the whole industrial chain of edible fungi is becoming more and more detailed. Sixth, the internationalization of the product market. A three-level marketing network of county, township and village has been formed in the county, and the international and domestic markets are actively explored outside the county. There are more than 30,000 edible fungi marketers in the county, and there are more than 20 marketing enterprises with an annual output value of10 million yuan. The marketing network not only spread all over the country, but also penetrated into dozens of countries and regions such as Japan, Southeast Asia, Europe and America, and the production and sales rate of edible fungi reached over 95%. At the same time, Gutian County has been designated as an international edible fungus talent training base by the United Nations and has become a member of the cooperation network of the United Nations South-South cooperation demonstration base. Farmers from all over the country, inside and outside the Great Wall, have come to Gutian County to study the cultivation techniques of edible fungi, and invited technicians and experts from Gutian County to spread scriptures and send treasures to all parts of the country, attracting experts and scholars from Japan, the United States, Europe, Africa, Oceania and other countries to visit and learn and exchange experiences. Edible fungi industry has promoted the rapid development of Gutian economy, especially rural economy, and the all-round progress and prosperity of society. It also promoted the development of processing, transportation, catering, information and other related industries, and promoted the prosperity of rural economy. Last year, the county achieved a regional GDP of 6.36 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 6,277 yuan, an increase of 17. 1%, and was successively rated as "the national advanced county of edible fungi industry". Last year, the National People's Congress (NPC) deputies and CPPCC members (CPPCC) pointed out after inspecting the edible fungi industry in Gutian County: In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, Gutian County's greatest achievement has been to create and develop the edible fungi industry; Gutian county's greatest contribution is