Sister certificates can be used under any circumstances except immigration.

Entry and exit are the legal rights of China citizens. Anyone who meets the conditions prescribed by law can travel abroad, study abroad, work, visit relatives and friends, and even emigrate for permanent residence. Our country's laws guarantee citizens to enjoy the following rights in entry and exit activities: 1. The right to apply. No organ or individual may obstruct it; 2. Those who have the right to approve shall be approved, except those expressly prohibited by law; 3. The right of inquiry, appeal and litigation. If the applicant refuses to accept the decision made by the public security organ, he has the right to appeal to the people's court until he brings a lawsuit. What obligations should citizens undertake when going abroad? Citizens applying for going abroad must undertake the following obligations: 1. The obligation to submit certificates and truthfully answer relevant inquiries; 2. Obligation to accept frontier inspection; 3. Obligation of household registration, and temporary exit procedures for short-term exit of household registration; For those who emigrate, the account cancellation procedures. When returning from abroad, you should go through the formalities of restoring permanent residence with your passport; 4. Obligation to safeguard national honor and security. First, after leaving the country, you can't join special agents or spy organizations, you can't accept tasks that endanger China's sovereignty, security and honor, and you can't disclose or provide any information or materials that endanger national interests; Second, we must abide by and obey the laws and regulations of countries or regions, and go through various procedures according to law to avoid illegal entry or illegal residence. What is a passport? How many kinds does it have? Passport is a document issued by a sovereign country to its citizens when they travel and live abroad. It is the legal basis to prove the nationality and identity of the holder (passport holder). There are three kinds of passports in China: 1. Diplomatic passport; 2. Official passport; 3. Ordinary Passport Diplomatic passports are issued to senior government officials, diplomatic and consular officials and their accompanying spouses and minor children. Official passports are issued to the staff of overseas institutions, their accompanying spouses and those who go abroad temporarily on business. Ordinary passports are divided into ordinary passports for business and ordinary passports for private purposes. Ordinary passports are issued to graduate students, advanced students, international students, visiting scholars and engineering and technical personnel sent by the state. Ordinary passports for personal reasons are issued to citizens going abroad for personal reasons and expatriates living abroad. Passports have a certain period of validity. If they expire, they will be invalid and lose the validity of legal proof. China passport is valid for 5 years, and can be extended twice, each time not exceeding 5 years. What should I pay attention to when applying for a passport? After receiving the notice of approval from the public security organ to go abroad, the applicant should immediately go to get his passport, and carefully check whether the contents filled in are accurate, whether there is the signature and seal of the passport issuer, whether the date and validity period of the passport are correct, and whether the applicant's name and native place are accurate. If there is any mistake, you should apply for correction immediately. Passport shall not be altered or added by itself. After getting your passport, you should take the time to prepare all kinds of corresponding documents and apply for a visa. What materials do I need to provide to apply for a passport? Passports of persons going abroad on business shall be handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the organs authorized by the Ministry. When applying for a passport, the following materials are required: 1. Approval documents for going abroad; 2. Political recognition; 3. Foreign invitation letter; 4. A recent bareheaded 2-inch photo; 5. Fill in the application form for going abroad. Passports of people going abroad on private business shall be handled by the Ministry of Public Security or local public security organs authorized by the Ministry of Public Security. When applying for a passport, the following materials are mainly provided: 1. Submit household registration book, resident identity card or household registration certificate; 2. Submit the employer's opinions on the applicant's going abroad; 3. Submit certificates corresponding to the reasons for going abroad. For example, to study abroad at your own expense, you need to provide financial guarantees from foreign relatives and friends, tax payment certificates or bank deposit certificates, letters or admission notices from foreign schools, notarization of academic qualifications, notarization of foreign kinship, etc. 4. Recent bareheaded 2-inch photos; 5. Fill in the application form for going abroad. How to go abroad for personal reasons? Citizens going abroad for private purposes generally refer to visiting relatives, friends, getting married, inheriting inheritance, treating diseases, attending funerals, studying abroad at their own expense, obtaining employment and traveling. And leaving the country to settle down or other unofficial activities. If you want to go abroad for personal reasons, you must first apply to the exit-entry administration department of the local public security bureau, answer their relevant inquiries, and perform the following procedures: 1. Submit your household registration book or other household registration certificate; 2. Fill in the exit application form (in quadruplicate, which must be filled in with a pen). According to our country's situation, we know the certification materials and certificates that need to be prepared, and the submitted foreign language materials should be translated into Chinese according to the regulations, and translated by the translation unit designated by the public security department; 3. Submit the unit's opinions on the applicant's going abroad (territory), that is, fill out the "Application for Going Abroad (Territory) Questionnaire" (commonly known as the political examination form). In principle, it shall be approved and sealed by the personnel department of the unit where the personnel relationship (file) of the person applying for going abroad for private purposes is located and the personnel department at the next higher level; 4. Submit certificates corresponding to the reasons for going abroad. There are different requirements according to different reasons for going abroad. What corresponding certificates should be submitted for different reasons when applying for going abroad? The reasons for applying for going abroad are different, so you need to submit corresponding certificates: 1. To settle abroad or visit relatives, you must submit the residence certificate of the country you are going to, the invitation certificate of foreign relatives and friends, and the proof of kinship; 2. To visit friends abroad, you must submit the invitation certificate of foreign friends (including complete mailing envelopes) and the economic guarantee certificate issued by foreign friends (notarized by the notary office of the country you are going to); 3. When going abroad to inherit property, you must submit notarized proof of the legal right to inherit property, such as proof of kinship, letter requesting inheritance of property, etc.; 4. To get married abroad, you need to submit the proof of marital status of both parties (the foreign proof needs to be notarized by the notary office of the host country, and the certificate issued by the personnel department of the domestic organization or the notary office), the invitation certificate of the foreign fiance (including the complete mailing envelope), and the economic guarantee certificate (notarized by the notary office of the country where you go); 5. To travel abroad, proof of foreign exchange expenses required for travel shall be submitted; 6. To study abroad at your own expense, you must submit the admission certificate of the relevant school and the necessary financial guarantee certificate; 7. To go abroad for employment, you must submit employment and employment certificates issued by overseas employers, employers or employers (notarized by Chinese embassies and consulates abroad and notarized by notary offices in countries without diplomatic relations), which must include terms such as wages (salaries), accommodation arrangements and round-trip travel expenses. If there is no such content, proof of economic guarantee must be submitted; 8. Other applications for going abroad for personal reasons, including being invited to study abroad, giving lectures, holding exhibitions and imparting skills. , you need to submit the invitation certificate (including fax) and the approval of the municipal competent business Committee, office and bureau. Retirees only need to submit the invitation letter from abroad and the certificate from Chinese civil organizations and units. After a citizen's application for private exit is approved, he may apply to the exit-entry administration department for a passport and fill out an exit registration card. Then apply for a visa or entry permit from the embassy or consulate of the country you are going to. What is a visa? What does it have? Visa refers to a kind of permission certificate that the domestic or foreign authorities of a country stamp and endorse passports or other valid travel documents held by citizens of other countries, indicating that passport (certificate) holders are allowed to enter, leave or pass through the territory of that country. Valid visa, including the following main contents: 1. Visa types, such as diplomatic visa, official visa, ordinary visa, etc. , generally represented by symbols; 2. The role of visas, such as entry, transit, immigration, non-immigration and other visas; 3. The number of valid visas and the number of visas. Some visas are valid for only a few days, and some are valid for several years or even forever; 4. If a port of entry and exit is designated, you must enter and exit through this port; If there is no designated port, you can enter and exit from any port open to the outside world; 5. The actual number of people traveling together should be written; 6. The date of issuance of the visa, the seal of the signing institution and the signature of the issuer; 7. In some countries, the visa also includes the name of the holder and the time allowed to stay in the country. China citizens can go abroad for business to some countries with visa-free agreements, but citizens who go abroad for private purposes must apply for visas before they are allowed to enter the country. What are the regulations on the types and validity of visas? According to the identity of the holder and the purpose of entry, visas can be divided into diplomatic visas, official visas, ordinary visas and courtesy visas. According to the different entry and exit conditions, visas can also be divided into exit, entry, entry and exit, entry and exit, transit and re-entry visas. The validity period of a visa generally includes two aspects: first, the use period of the visa itself, that is, it must enter, leave or transit within the prescribed time limit; The second is the time allowed for the holder to stay after entering the country. How to apply for a visa when going abroad for personal reasons? At present, there are several ways for China citizens to get visas to go abroad for personal reasons: 1. I directly contact with foreign embassies (consulates); 2. Entrust the visa agency of China Travel Agency to handle it; Ask relatives and friends abroad to help you. No matter how you apply for a visa, you usually have to go through the following procedures: 1. Submit a valid China passport or entry-exit certificate to the embassy or consulate of the country you apply for; 2. Submit certificates related to visa application, such as entry permit, admission notice, proof of kinship, etc. ; 3. Fill in the visa application form and hand in multiple photos identical to your passport; 4. Meet with embassies and consulates in China officials and answer visa-related questions; 5. The embassy or consulate in the country will report the applicant's materials to the domestic authorities for approval. The embassies and consulates of some countries have the right to issue visas directly, but they still have to report to the state for the record; 6. After examination and approval by the competent department, inform embassies and consulates in China of the examination and approval opinions. If you agree, you will be issued a visa, and if you are refused entry, you will also inform the applicant; 7. Applicants who have obtained visas should pay visa fees to the embassies and consulates of the countries concerned. If there is a visa-free agreement between countries, they can be exempted from visas and visa fees. How do people going abroad (border) handle notarization? Notarization of work experience, educational background, transcripts, whether citizens have been subjected to criminal sanctions, etc. are the necessary conditions for citizens to submit relevant documents when applying for going abroad. During the notarization of work experience, the notarization institution shall, according to the applicant's application, prove the authenticity of his work experience at a certain stage, which is mainly used for the applicant's job hunting abroad and the export of labor services. The notarization of work experience only proves the applicant's work experience, not the party's work experience. This certificate only proves the domestic work experience, and the experience that happened abroad is not proved. However, the personnel sent abroad to study and work can be certified by the personnel department of the sending unit, and the notary office can handle it. Notarization of academic qualifications and transcripts is usually used for studying abroad, studying and seeking grades. There are two ways to notarize academic qualifications: 1. Notarize the graduation certificate (certificate) issued by the school provided by the applicant; 2. According to the graduation certificate, issue the corresponding education certificate according to the facts. What materials should be submitted to the notary office for notarization of academic qualifications, degrees and work experience? To apply for notarization of academic qualifications, you need to provide: 1. Identification certificate; 2. The certificate issued by the education notarization unit; If there is no unit, a certificate shall be issued by the neighborhood office of the place of residence or the township government; 3. Graduation certificate or associate degree certificate; 4. Recent bareheaded photo of the applicant (2 inches). To apply for degree notarization, you must submit: 1. Identification certificate; 2. degree certificate. There are two ways of degree notarization: 1. Degree notarial certificate, including the applicant's name, gender, date of birth, name, category, date, name of awarding unit, etc. 2. Degree certificate, which proves the signature and seal of President academic degree evaluation committee on the degree certificate and the real situation of the awarding unit. If the application is notarized, submit it as follows: 1. The identity certificate of the applicant; 2. Work experience certificate issued by the applicant's unit; 3. If you have a professional title, you should provide a professional title certificate officially promulgated by the relevant department or a document granting the professional title; 4. Recent 2-inch bareheaded photos of the applicant. Others, such as whether the bid has been notarized by criminal sanctions, shall be submitted: 1. Identification certificate; 2. A certificate issued by the security department of the applicant's unit or the local police station (formerly known as the police station); 3. If the agent applies for it, the power of attorney and identity certificate shall be submitted. The use of notarial certificates has a strong timeliness (there are three months and six months in different countries). If the party concerned has not left the country after the expiration of the period, it needs to apply again. This notarial certificate proves the situation of the parties during their stay in China. For those who have left the country, proof of the date of departure must be provided to prove whether they have been subjected to criminal sanctions before the date of departure. Domestic personnel will use the certificate until the date when the unit issues the certificate. Going abroad for personal reasons and related matters 1. Procedures for going abroad for personal reasons: (1) Apply for consultation to the Exit-Entry Administration Office of the Municipal Public Security Bureau with my resident ID card, residence booklet or other household registration certificates, fill out the application form for going abroad, and submit my unit's opinions on the applicant's going abroad and the corresponding proof of reasons for going abroad. (2) within 15 working days for urban residents and 20 working days for suburban residents, the examination and approval results can be known. Upon approval, passports and exit registration cards of the People's Republic of China will be issued. (3) After obtaining the passport, go to the China Embassy (Consulate) in China to apply for a visa consistent with the reasons for leaving the country. (4) After obtaining the visa, I will go to the police station where my account is located to handle the cancellation or registration procedures for short-term overseas personnel. (5) Before going abroad, you must go to the health inspection station for entry-exit personnel to receive health examination, vaccination and obtain corresponding certificates. (6) Leave the country from the open border port with passport, plane (boat, car) ticket and health certificate. 2. Relevant documents (1) What documents should I submit to apply for studying abroad at my own expense? To study abroad at one's own expense, the applicant must submit the acceptance letter issued by the accepting school, and the entry-exit administration department shall also submit the necessary financial guarantee certificate when it deems it necessary. Those with college education or above who apply for studying abroad at their own expense shall submit the Qualification Examination Certificate for Studying Abroad at their own expense issued by the Municipal Education Commission. (2) What certificates must be submitted to apply for employment abroad? When an individual goes abroad for employment, he must submit the employment certificate of the employment, employment unit or employer and the employment certificate with legal effect in the country where he goes. A legally binding certificate refers to a certificate notarized by the notary office of the destination country or certified by the Chinese embassy (consulate) in the destination country. The overseas laborers assisted by the labor service company shall submit the labor export certificate confirmed by the labor export agency that has the right to operate overseas labor services. Where an overseas employment service agency assists in overseas employment, it shall submit an overseas employment contract with the right to operate overseas employment. (3) What documents must be submitted to apply for visiting relatives and friends abroad? To visit relatives and friends abroad, you must submit an invitation letter from your relatives and friends and the residence certificate of the inviter in the country you are going to. (1) invitation letter. Meet one of the following conditions: a. Official invitation letter (including complete mailing envelope); B. Ordinary letters with invitation contents (including complete mailing envelopes); C. fax with invitation letter. (2) The residence certificate of the inviter in the destination country. One of the following is enough: a. Proof of the inviter's residence qualification in the destination country; B a copy of the valid identity card used by the inviter in the destination country; C other certificates approved by the exit-entry administration department of the public security that can prove the inviter's legal residence in the destination country, such as: a. the certificate that the inviter has cancelled his account and gone abroad; B a certificate issued by the police station where the original account is located that the inviter has gone abroad; C the notarial certificate of kinship (including the certificate issued by the organization and personnel department of the unit) clearly indicates that the inviter is abroad; Certificates issued by China's embassies and consulates abroad explicitly invite the person to stay abroad. Returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, with the certificate issued by the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the city, district (county) or the Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese, citizens over the age of 60 and citizens who have gone abroad with their parents (or guardians) but have not reached the age of 65,438+06 only submit the opinions issued by the local police station, and exempt the invitation letter from relatives and friends and the residence certificate of the inviter in the country where they go (children below primary school are exempted from "certificate" "2 Matters needing attention (1) Citizens who study abroad at their own expense, who have a junior college degree or above, need to prove their academic service period at the reception desk of the Municipal Education Commission's self-funded study abroad audit, and receive the Certificate of Self-funded Students with a bachelor degree or above. (2) The residents of this Municipality who apply for going abroad for personal reasons shall receive the Application Form for China Citizens to Go Abroad in the "Consultation Form" window with their ID cards, household registration books or other household registration certificates. (3) Applicants should pay attention to: ① Determine the reasons for going abroad; (2) Prepare the corresponding certification materials and certificates, and submit them together with the form; ③ The submitted foreign language materials should be translated into Chinese as required; (4) Check whether the received form is complete. The complete set of forms should include the Approval Form for China Citizens to Apply for Going Abroad, the Entry-Exit Personnel Card and the special envelope for sending passports. (4) Before going abroad, laborers, students studying abroad, settled people and other people going abroad must go to the health inspection points of entry-exit personnel of the health and quarantine office for health examination and vaccination, and obtain corresponding certificates. People without documents will be prohibited from leaving the country at the exit. The medical examiner must go on an empty stomach and bring his passport and two two-inch bareheaded photos. Who is not allowed to leave this country? According to the Law on the Administration of Citizens' Exit and Entry, no one may leave the country under any of the following circumstances: 1. Defendants and criminal suspects in criminal cases identified by public security organs or people's procuratorates and people's courts; 2. The people's court shall notify people who have unresolved civil cases not to leave the country; 3. Being sentenced to a penalty and serving a sentence; 4. Being reeducated through labor; 5. The relevant authorities in the State Council believe that leaving the country will cause harm to national security or cause great losses to national interests. The provisions of Article 5 mainly refer to those who have worked in key departments such as state secret organs or cutting-edge science and have mastered important secrets such as politics, economy and military science. How to punish illegal entry and exit activities? Punish illegal entry and exit according to different situations: 1. Failing to apply for passports and visas as required, deliberately entering or leaving the country secretly through prohibited channels, or forging, altering or fraudulently using other people's passports constitutes illegal entry and exit. If the circumstances are minor, they shall be given a warning and detained for less than five months. If the circumstances are serious, it shall be deemed as the crime of crossing the country (border) and sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than one year; 2. Whoever forges, alters or transfers entry and exit documents shall be detained for 10 days or less. If the circumstances are serious, criminal responsibility shall be investigated; 3. Whoever sells fake passports or visas or organizes profit-making and instigates others to cross the border illegally shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years, criminal detention and may also be fined; 4. Practise fraud, fabricate information, provide false certification materials, and obtain entry and exit documents by bribery and other improper means. If the circumstances are minor, they shall be given a warning or detained for less than 5 days; if the circumstances are serious, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility; 5. Those who have not registered in registered permanent residence before leaving the country or after returning to China shall be given a warning or fined; 6. Anyone who illegally enters the country or stays in a foreign country and is repatriated shall have his passport revoked or confiscated, and his application for going abroad shall be cancelled within the prescribed time limit; 7. Anyone who uses a passport to cheat in China shall have his passport revoked or declared invalid.