What you need to know about the country before you immigrate to the Netherlands

# 中中中 # Introduction The Kingdom of the Netherlands (Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in Dutch, English: The Kingdom of the Netherlands) is referred to as "the Netherlands" for short. It is a compound country with constitutional monarchy, which consists of four constituent countries, namely, the Netherlands, Aruba, Cura? ao and Saint Martin. It is a sovereign country with the Netherlands as its core. The power of the Dutch government is limited to national defense, diplomacy, nationality and extradition. In addition to the above powers, all the constituent countries have complete autonomy and autonomy. The following contents are compiled and published by!

1. Country profile

The Netherlands is a highly developed capitalist country, famous for its seawalls, windmills, tulips and tolerant social atmosphere. The laws on drugs, sex trade and abortion are the freest in the world. The Netherlands is the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage. 20 18 ranked second in the global innovation index. 20 19 February, 20 18 global happiness index was released, and the Netherlands ranked sixth. topography

Low level is the most prominent feature of Dutch terrain. The whole territory is low-lying, with a quarter of the land below the altitude 1 m and a quarter below the altitude. Except for some hills in the south and east, most of the terrain is very low. The south is connected by the Rhine, Maas and Guerder River Delta. "Holland" is called Holland in Germanic language, which means "the land of lowlands". It got its name because more than half of its land is below or almost at sea level, and some areas are even formed by reclamation, such as most parts of Frevoland Province.

The point in the Netherlands is Vaalserberg in the southeast corner of Limburg province in the south, with an altitude of 32 1 m. The lowest point in the Netherlands is near Rotterdam, 6.7 meters below sea level.

Climatic characteristics

The Netherlands is located between 5 1-54 north latitude, influenced by the Atlantic warm current, and has a temperate maritime climate with warm winters and cool summers. The average temperature in the coastal areas of the Netherlands is 16℃ in summer and 3℃ in winter. The average temperature in inland areas is 65438 07℃ in summer and 2℃ in winter. The temperature from June to August is 2 1 ~ 26℃. It is rainy and windy in winter, and the average temperature in June is 65438 0.7℃. The lowest temperature recorded in the Dutch calendar is -27.8℃, and the highest temperature reaches 38.6℃. The annual rainfall in the Netherlands is about 760mm. Rainfall is basically evenly distributed in the four seasons. The average monthly rainfall from June to June in 65438 is 40-60mm, and that from July to June in 12 is 60-80mm. The average monthly sunshine hours in the Netherlands are about 220 hours in May, and the lowest is about 39 hours in 65438+February.

natural resource

The Netherlands is relatively poor in natural resources, only rich in natural gas and oil reserves (the total proven natural gas reserves in 20 12 years are about193 billion cubic meters) and a certain amount of coal. The development of natural gas in the Netherlands ranks fourth in the world after Russia, the United States and Canada, with an output of 47.7 billion cubic meters in 20 16. At the end of 20 12, oil was discovered in the north sea.

Population and nationality

The Netherlands is one of the countries with the highest population density in the world, with the population density exceeding 407.5 people per square kilometer.

According to the statistics of the Dutch Immigration Bureau, the total population of Chinese in the Netherlands in 20 12 years was about 120,000, accounting for about 0.7% of the total population in the Netherlands. There is no large-scale concentration of Chinese in the Netherlands, and most cities in the Netherlands have Chinese residents.

By 20 18, the total population of the Netherlands will be17.26 million (Statistics Netherlands, 20 18). Among them, 76.9% are Dutch, except Fries, Morocco, Turkey and Suriname are the largest ethnic minorities, and Chinese are the fourth largest ethnic minority. The official language is Dutch, and Frisian is widely spoken in Frisian province. Among the local residents, 26% believe in Catholicism and 65,438+06% believe in Christianity (Statistics Netherlands, 2065,438+07).

language

The official language of the Netherlands is Dutch, which is very similar to English. English, German and Dutch belong to the west branch of the Germanic family of Indo-European languages. South Africa has the sphere of influence of the Netherlands, so many South Africans speak Afrikaans, which is a local dialect variety of Dutch.

custom

The diversity of Dutch culture is reflected in the cultural differences in different regions and the influence of foreign cultures.

The Netherlands is famous for its tolerant and open social atmosphere. Usually, the image of the Netherlands is associated with trade, tulips, windmills, wooden shoes, cheese and white and blue glazed porcelain. The open policy of the Netherlands in dealing with drugs, sex trade and same-sex marriage has attracted worldwide attention.

Dutch people have a strong sense of time and are punctual.

The Dutch call this dish made of carrots, potatoes and onions a "national dish". Every year from June 5438 to 10, every family will eat this "national dish" when they go out to eat in a restaurant.

Holland is called "the country of flowers", among which tulip is the most abundant and important flower. Tulip is the symbol of Holland, so it is called "national flower". Therefore, the Netherlands is known as the "European Garden".

General situation of economy

Holland is a developed capitalist country and one of the top ten western economies. The Netherlands is relatively poor in natural resources but rich in natural gas reserves. In 200 1 year, about 74.3 billion cubic meters of natural gas will be mined. The Netherlands imports 80% of its raw materials and exports more than 60% of its products. 80% of foreign trade is realized within the EU. Exports of goods and services account for about 55% of the gross national product. Advanced technology in electronics, chemical industry, water conservancy, shipbuilding, food processing and other fields, and developed financial services and insurance; Land, sea and air transportation is very convenient, and it is an important transportation hub in continental Europe. Agriculture is highly intensive, and the export of agricultural products ranks among the top in the world. The GDP growth rate in 20 17 is about 3%. The main economic data of 20 17 are as follows: GDP: 915.2 billion USD; Per capita GDP: $53,600; Economic growth rate: 3.1%; Currency name: Euro; Inflation rate:1.4%; Unemployment rate: 4.4%.

traffic

Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, has 160 waterways and 1000 bridges. Rotterdam is located at the mouth of the Rhine and Maas rivers and is the largest port in the world. Amsterdam Airport is one of the major airports in the Netherlands and Europe, and has won the title of World Airport for many times. The Dutch make full use of this unique geographical condition to develop the transportation industry, and its land, sea and air transportation accounts for 30% of the total transportation market in the EU. The traffic in the Netherlands is very developed, accounting for 30% of the total traffic in the EU.

education

The Netherlands implements 12 years full-time compulsory education (5- 16 years old). Primary and secondary schools are divided into public and private schools. There are 7360 schools of all levels and types in the Netherlands, with a total of 3.209 million students and 42.9 billion euros for education and research. Primary school students 1.49 million, middle school students more than 980 thousand, adult and vocational education schools students about 490 thousand. Dutch higher education is divided into universities and higher vocational education. There are 13 key universities in the Netherlands, including 6 comprehensive universities, 3 polytechnic universities and 4 professional universities, with 267,900 students. There are 445,900 students in higher vocational colleges. Colleges and universities include Leiden University, Utrecht University, Amsterdam University, Free University of Amsterdam, university of groningen, erasmus University in Rotterdam, Delft University of Technology and Vakhnin Root Agricultural University. The level of higher education ranks among the top in the world. 20 19 12 comprehensive universities rank among the top 200 times higher education, second only to the United States, Britain and Germany.

medical treatment

The Netherlands has a complete health care network, which can provide primary diagnosis and specialized care, so it is very convenient to see a doctor in the Netherlands. In addition, the emergency system in the Netherlands is developed, so you can get emergency services quickly by calling 1 12. In the Netherlands, medicines must be bought in pharmacies and prescription drugs must be prescribed by doctors. In some big cities, pharmacies are on duty in turn at night and on weekends and open 24 hours a day. The working date can be found in pharmacies and local newspapers.

According to the statistics of the Dutch Central Bureau of Statistics, the total expenditure on health care in the Netherlands accounts for 14.9% of GDP in 20 1 1 year. According to purchasing power parity, the per capita medical and health expenditure is 5375 euros. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, from 2005 to 20 10, there were 29 doctors, 2 nurses and midwives, 6 dentists and 3 pharmacists per 10,000 people in the Netherlands. From 2005 to 20 1 1 year, there were 47 hospital beds per 10,000 people.