Comparison of Fuzhou Dialects

Min dialect groups are all homologous, no matter in vocabulary or grammar, such as the word "ren", the white pronunciation of Min dialect is trained as "Nong", and so on.

In the process of Central Plains immigrants moving into Fuzhou at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the first stop was Nanjing and Zhenjiang today, another part came to Fujian via Zhejiang and settled in Ningde, Fuzhou and Quanzhou, and another part came from Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan-Hubei-Jiangxi-Fujian-Fuzhou. Most of them are concentrated in the lower reaches of Minjiang River Basin. At that time, the southernmost people in the Central Plains only went to the upper reaches of Jinjiang River Basin in Quanzhou, and there was no Zhangzhou at that time. At that time, there was no Zhangzhou, and the number was very small. Western Jin immigrants mainly concentrated in Fuzhou in the lower reaches of the Minjiang River, and a few were in northern Fujian-Jianzhou and Jinjiang-Huian in Quanzhou. Fuzhou has Jinan, Qingzhou, Huai 'an, Luoyang, Changle, Chang 'an, Fenyang, Huayang, Dongguan, Xiguan, Nanyang, Yangyan, Qianzhong, Linyang and Quanzhou.

The white reading of Fuzhou dialect is longer than that of Minnan dialect. The white reading of Fuzhou dialect can be traced back to the Qin and Han Dynasties, such as the word "dog" khen in Fuzhou dialect and the word "dog" kau in Minnan dialect, which also stands for "dog". Fuzhou dialect talks about "seeking" sim (Fuzhou dialect also uses "chuai", pronounced tshuei), while Minnan dialect talks about "chuai" tshue, which also means "seeking". The differentiation between Minnan dialect and Mindong dialect should be in the Tang Dynasty. The literary reading of Minnan dialect mainly comes from the Tangyin in the seventh century, and the literary reading of Mindong dialect mainly comes from the Tangyin in the tenth century, so it is easy to see the difference between them. Moreover, because Fuzhou is deeply influenced by Putonghua, it can be seen that many common words in Fuzhou dialect are closely related to ancient Chinese, and many of them can be traced back to the pre-Qin period. The unique vocabulary of Fuzhou dialect analyzed above shows that its relevance with The Book of Songs and Zuo Zhuan far exceeds its relevance with Chu Ci, indicating that the ancestors of Fuzhou people came from Heluo area. Among all the chapters in The Book of Songs, the appearance of The Book of Songs and The Book of Songs is particularly noteworthy. As we all know, the first large-scale migration from the Central Plains to Fujian in history took place in 308 AD (AD 308) at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, which was called "Dressing for the South" or "Eight Surnames Entering Fujian" in history. The so-called "eight surnames" are Lin, Huang, Chen, Zheng, Zhan, Qiu, He and Hu, among which Lin, Chen and Zheng together with Wang who entered Fujian in 892 AD at the end of the Tang Dynasty formed the four surnames of Fuzhou in the early 20th century. At that time, there was a saying that "Lin Zhenyi and Wang Zheng were mostly in various places" ("Wang Zheng" is homophonic with a local fruit called "Huang Dan" in Fuzhou dialect). The formation of Fuzhou dialect is considered to have occurred before and after "Eight surnames entered Fujian". According to legend, Lin and Gan were given this surname after comparison, which originated from Mu Ye, Henan; Yellow originated from the Yellow Kingdom and was located in Huangchuan, Henan Province. After the national subjugation, it took the country as its surname. After Chen Weishun, the fiefs originated in Chen Guo and Zhou Wuwang were all in Huaiyang, Henan. After the national subjugation, take the country as the surname; Zheng Wei, a member of the Zhou royal family, took the country as his surname in Xinzheng, Henan. These three families are all from Henan, and Taihe Yan is also in Tangyin area in northern Henan, just a stone's throw from the birthplace of the first Lin of the eight surnames. Thus, it is logical that Fuzhou dialect is influenced by ancient dialects in Henan, especially in northern Henan. Reading Tang poetry in Fuzhou dialect also rhymes, which proves that Fuzhou phonology does not come from ancient Vietnamese.

The following are just some ancient poems that require rhyme or harmony. It can be seen that both Mandarin and Fuzhou are mainly based on the phonology of ancient Chinese.

Chen Ziang: On the Youzhou Tower.

No one can see the ancient wisdom of the ancient king, only those wise men who can't see the afterlife can see it. Only the boundless universe, boundless, can't stop the tears full of sadness.

In Mandarin, it is (Zhejiang-Xia), which is homophonic; In Fuzhou dialect, it is (Zhejiang [t&; Cents; Ia]- [Kia]), rhyming.

Li Bai: Guan Shanyue.

A bright moon rises from Qilian Mountain and crosses the vast sea of clouds. The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass. At that time, Han soldiers pointed at the mountain road, and Tubo coveted the vast territory of Qinghai. This is a land of wars in past dynasties, and few soldiers can survive. The garrison soldier looked at the remote border town, and his hometown could not help but look sad.

In Mandarin, it is (mountain-building-customs-bay-ring-swallow), all of which have the same rhyme; In Fuzhou dialect, it is (Shan [Sa-Jian [Ka-Guan] across-Wan [ua-huan], which rhymes.

Li Bai: Wu Ge at midnight.

There is moonlight in Chang 'an, and all the families in Yi Dao are there. The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. When will the border war be settled and when will my husband end his expedition?

In Mandarin, it means (sound-Qing-Zheng Zheng), which rhymes; In Fuzhou dialect, it is (sound [si-love [t&; Cents; I-sign [ti-sign] rhymes.

Du Fu: Send flowers to Qing.

The city music under the overpass is soft and melodious, half of it goes with the river wind and the other half floats into the clouds. This song should only exist in the sky, and people can hear it several times.

In mandarin, it is (divided into rhymes) and has the same rhyme; In Fuzhou dialect, it is (divided into [Hu Yan-Yun [Hu Yan-Wen [u-Yan]] and rhymes.

The above ancient poetry rhymes with Fuzhou dialect and Mandarin. There are also some examples of ancient poems, which don't rhyme in Fuzhou dialect or Mandarin.