What are the basic artistic qualities that students need to cultivate?

So what abilities should primary school art education cultivate students? I think there are the following points: first, we should cultivate students' aesthetic ability. Beauty is a specific image that conforms to the law in life, is harmonious and unified with its content, and is rich, unique and pleasant. People must have the ability to appreciate beauty when they know and discover beauty, but people's ability to appreciate beauty is not innate and must be cultivated and trained the day after tomorrow. The love of beauty is human nature, especially for growing children. Through aesthetic education, students can use dialectical materialism and historical materialism to distinguish authenticity, good and evil and judge beauty and ugliness. Therefore, our art education has more aesthetic content. For example, you can learn the Chinese painting "* * * * * * *" by Guan Shanyue and Fu Baoshi, which can make students feel proud of the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland; Learn Xu Beihong's "Running Horse" to reveal aesthetic lessons such as clean and vigorous spiritual beauty. In addition, in the practice of art class, students not only feel the beauty of variety, modeling structure and color, but also feel the formal beauty of change, unity, symmetry, balance, contrast and harmony contained in nature. Second, we should cultivate students' modeling ability. "Form" is the foundation of art education, and it is also the fundamental content and main means of art. The quality of "type" is directly related to the quality of artistic works, and a good artistic work must have a good shape. And this shape includes two situations. One is the structural modeling of the whole graph. This is a relatively extensive modeling, just like what we use to express our thoughts and feelings in words. The same ideological content can be expressed by objects with different shapes. For example, expressing people's anger can be expressed directly through a person's facial expression, or by combining people's behavior with the surrounding objects. Another example: the same expression is winter. Some people may express it directly with heavy snow, while others express it with people wearing sweaters and cotton hats. Different contents and objects have different structural forms and different combination forms. How do these objects combine to be beautiful? This is a problem that our teacher must emphasize. One is the modeling of a single object. Every object has a different shape, but we can summarize it into several geometric figures. Such as: rectangle (cuboid), square (cube), triangle, circle and so on. In the real world, we can regard most houses, books and desks as cuboids. Our limbs and branches can be regarded as cylinders; Our whole head can be regarded as an egg-shaped circle; Peony flowers can be round and so on. This is the overall shape of the object when we learn to draw. Teachers should first teach students to understand the general shape of objects, and then divide them into small parts. For example, when we draw a car, we can regard the car as a cuboid, and first determine the size and position, and then determine the size and position of its doors and wheels. This way, there will be no problem of deformation and wife ratio. Third, we should cultivate students' imagination. Imagination is also an important part of our art education. Every successful person is an imaginative person, especially a painter, poet, writer, scientist and astronomer. They must have extraordinary imagination to achieve today's achievements. The cultivation of imagination has many forms in art education, such as asking students to draw an imaginary picture according to a scene, a phenomenon, a season and a poem. Another example is: let students pinch people's happiness, anger, sadness and joy with mud. All of them are to cultivate students' imagination. At the same time, in physical painting, we also require cultivating students' imagination, especially primary school students. It is impossible to draw exactly the same as the real thing, and it is not required to draw exactly the same as the real thing to cultivate students' imagination. Fourth, we should cultivate students' color ability. Color is the basis of painting in art education. If you want to learn painting well, color knowledge is essential. Color is the key to express the shape of an object. Of course, the colors here are not only red, blue, green, yellow and purple, but also black and white. Without color contrast, the shape can't be expressed. For example, in the same painting, if there are ten objects, and all of them are painted red or blue, then these objects are difficult to show. Especially if the distance between lightness and lightness of color is not large, it is impossible to distinguish these objects in the painting, just as you can't see anything in the dark. Therefore, our teacher should cultivate students' color ability, such as lightness and depth of color. The ink book in China is only black, but it is divided into five colors in painting, which shows the importance of color in painting. And color can also express people's different emotions and personalities, so color is very important in painting. Fifth, we should cultivate students' expressive ability. Performance is the final result of artistic creation, and the final quality of artistic creation depends on the quality of performance, because good painting and color are attached to modeling, and good modeling should be expressed in a good way. Different paintings have different expressions, watercolor has the expression of watercolor, gouache has the expression of gouache, and Chinese painting has the expression of Chinese painting. Even the same painting, painting the same object may have different ways of expression. But as some common expressions, teachers should cultivate students. Such as: hook, stroke, wipe, dot and dye when learning Chinese painting; Wet and dry paintings in watercolor paintings, etc. Sixth, cultivate students' artistic creativity. Art class in primary school is a compulsory course in the primary stage of compulsory education and an important way to educate students aesthetically. Art education not only cultivates students' aesthetic taste, but also plays a very important role in cultivating and developing students' observation, imagination and creativity. In recent years, China has also attached great importance to art education. Many schools have made great efforts in hardware and software, and achieved a lot of teaching results, but there are also many problems. There is an example: students from a key primary school in China immigrated to the United States. In the first art class, the teacher asked them to draw a Christmas tree. The China boy's painting skills surprised American teachers and children, because his paintings were so alike that they were exactly the same as those posted on the wall. However, when the teacher asked him to create one himself, the child couldn't write it for a long time. This classmate's art level is acceptable in domestic schools. People commented that "China children have strong replication ability, but poor creativity." Why is this happening? Social factors: People are used to using "image" to evaluate the quality of a child's painting, while ignoring the relationship between the child's physical and mental development and cognitive things. Only asking children to draw "images" ignores the cultivation of children's various abilities and stifles their rich imagination and creativity. Second, teaching problems: Many art teachers only teach students to copy works because of lack of information or to save trouble. Some parents buy copied picture books for their children too early, which limits the development of students' thinking. So how to cultivate students' creative ability? (1) Understand children, change ideas and improve aesthetic awareness.