The economic development in the south of the Yangtze River is a beautiful scene in ancient China. Read the material and answer the questions. The first material has gone through more than 200 years fr

The economic development in the south of the Yangtze River is a beautiful scene in ancient China. Read the material and answer the questions. The first material has gone through more than 200 years from the Southern Dynasties to the Liu and Song Dynasties.

(1) The long-term common development of the working people in the north and the south, and the northerners moved south, brought advanced production technology and lifestyle. There are few wars in the south, and the natural conditions in the south are superior.

(2) Jiangnan water town? It is conducive to economic exchanges between the North and the South and promotes economic development.

(3) Tang Dynasty

(4) The economic center of gravity moves south.

Test analysis: (1) This small question examines the reasons for the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River. Jiangnan area was regarded as a barbarian land in Qin and Han dynasties, with backward economy and sparse population, far from the economic, cultural and political center of the north at that time, and its development was slow. However, after the Qin and Han Dynasties, China has been in a state of division, and wars have been raging in the north. In addition, nomadic people on the northern grassland harassed the Central Plains, and the northern center was in a turbulent situation at that time. The northerners moved southward on a large scale, which led people from Shandong, northern Jiangsu, Jianghuai and other places to migrate to southern Jiangsu, southern Anhui and Zhejiang. People from Henan and Hebei immigrated to Hubei and Hunan. Shaanxi people go to Bashu. This great migration brought China's most advanced science and technology, agriculture and handicraft technology, as well as a lot of labor and capital to the south, which laid a solid foundation for the rapid development of Jiangnan in the future, and also laid the groundwork for the economic, cultural and political center of China to move southward in the future.

(2) This question examines the contents of the Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty. The Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty was built in 605 AD. Yang Di used his existing economic strength to recruit millions of people and opened a grand canal running through the north and south. In order to strengthen the north-south traffic and consolidate the rule of the Sui Dynasty over the whole country, more than one million migrant workers were used to dig an economic canal to connect the Yellow River with the Huaihe River. In that year,100000 migrant workers were used to dredge the ancient Hanjiang River and connect the Huaihe River with the Yangtze River to form the second half. Three years later, there were more than one million migrant workers in Hebei, and Yongji Canal was dug, leading to the south (now Beijing) and forming the upper part. Two years later, the Jiangnan River was dredged and reached Yuhang (Hangzhou). At this point, * * * used more than five million migrant workers, and it took six years to build the Grand Canal with a total length of more than 2,700 kilometers, making it one of the greatest projects in the world. The Grand Canal, with Luoyang as the center, reaches Zhuo Jun in the north and Yuhang in the south, with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers. This is the longest canal in the ancient world. The Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty was opened on the basis of existing natural rivers and ancient canals. It is divided into four sections: Yongji Canal, Tongji Canal, Hangou River and Jiangnan, connecting five rivers: Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River, and becoming the main artery of China's north-south traffic. The opening of the Grand Canal has greatly promoted the economic exchanges between the north and the south of China, which is of great significance to the future economic development of China.

(3) This question examines the ability to read pictures. Material 3 Figure 2 The original picture is on page P 13 of the seventh grade in the new teaching standard. The tool in the picture is a bow plow. Iron plows appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and the plows in the Han Dynasty were basically shaped. However, the plow in Han Dynasty was a long straight plow, which was not flexible enough to turn and was not very efficient. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Jia Sixie mentioned the long curved plow and the "Wei plow" in the Book of Qi Yao Min, but because the records are unknown, they can only be inferred as short plows. In the early Tang Dynasty, a long curved plow appeared further. The emergence of flexible "Wei Plow" and long-bent Plow laid the foundation for the final formation of short-bent Plow. Short-curved round plough (also called Jiangdong plough) first appeared in Jiangdong area, and its appearance is a symbol of the maturity of farming tools in China. Its advantages are that the plow body can swing during operation, which is flexible, convenient for deep ploughing, light and flexible, and beneficial to turning. It is suitable for areas with small paddy fields in Jiangnan area. Secondly, plow evaluation and plow construction are added. If the plow evaluation is popularized, the plow arrow will go down and the share will go deep into the soil. If the plow is evaluated, the plow arrow is up and the share is shallow. By organically combining plow evaluation, plow arrow and plow structure, it can meet the different requirements of deep tillage or shallow tillage, standardize the adjustment of cultivated land depth and facilitate intensive cultivation. The plow wall can not only break the soil, but also push the plowed soil aside, reducing the resistance of the plow. Qu Yuan's plow is an advanced plow with complete structure, light weight and labor saving. After the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the structure of the plow has not changed significantly.

(4) The shift of the economic center of gravity to the south is an important event in the ancient history of China, which reflects the great changes in the economic development in ancient China. The Yellow River Basin is the main birthplace of the Chinese nation and the earliest developed area in China, with a concentrated population and developed economy and culture, becoming the earliest economic center. The southern economy came from behind, and the economic center of gravity gradually moved south.

The southward shift of China's economic center of gravity can be roughly divided into three stages: 1, Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties: tending to balance. After the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, the southern region experienced regime change in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River narrowed the economic gap between the north and the south and tended to be balanced, which laid the foundation for the gradual shift of China's economic center of gravity to the south. ? 2. Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties: Began to move south. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, both the North and South economies made great progress. The land resources in Jiangnan area have been further developed and become an important grain producing area. However, after the Anshi Rebellion, the northern province was divided into provinces, and the northern economy was seriously damaged again. By the late Tang dynasty, there had been a phenomenon that "most of the gifts were in Jianghuai". China's economic center of gravity began to move south. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, there were frequent wars in the north and less wars in the south, which were relatively stable. Throughout the Five Dynasties, China's economic center of gravity moved to the south, and the south became a developed region with a population exceeding that of the north. ? 3. Song Dynasty: Finally finished. During the Song Dynasty, there were frequent wars in the north. After the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song regime settled in the southeast corner, further developing the southern economy. At that time, there was a proverb in Taihu Lake basin, "Su Lake is ripe, and the world is full", which indicated that the agricultural production in the south of the Yangtze River had surpassed that in the north, completely replacing the position of the northern economic center. In the Yuan Dynasty, in order to solve the problem of "transporting grain from the south to the north", water transportation was vigorously set up and unprecedented maritime transportation was opened up, which was enough to show the importance of the southern economy. It can be seen that the Southern Song Dynasty was the last stage of China's ancient economic center moving southward. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the position of the southern economic center was consolidated and developed.

China's ancient economic center of gravity moved southward with three obvious characteristics: 1. A large number of northerners moved south, bringing advanced production technology and experience, reflecting the highest productivity level at that time; 2. The trend of moving south is often the most prominent in times of national division or war; 3. The southward movement of political center has certain influence on the southward movement of economic center.