Chongqing local conditions and customs

The youngest municipality directly under the central government in western China.

Chongqing is located in the southwest of China, on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with a length of 470 kilometers from east to west and a width of 450 kilometers from north to south, with a total area of 82,000 square kilometers, bordering Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other provinces. Chongqing is a world-famous mountain city, and its most prominent feature is its undulating terrain and strong three-dimensional sense.

Chongqing's jurisdiction is mainly distributed along the Yangtze River, mainly in hills and low mountains, with an average elevation of 400 meters. The terrain inclines from north to south to the Yangtze River basin, with great ups and downs, showing the shape of "one mountain, one ridge" and "one mountain, one trough and two ridges". The geology is mostly karst landform, so there are many caves, hot springs, canyons and passes.

Chongqing is located at the intersection of the Yangtze River and Jialing River, surrounded by mountains, rivers and cities. It is famous not only as a river city, but also as a mountain city. However, the most distinctive thing is the night in the mountain city. Looking into the distance, the lights of thousands of households are undulating and scattered, and the silver clouds are gradually disappearing, which complement each other with the sparkling stars in the two rivers. Its scenery is charming.

Chongqing history

Chongqing has a long history of more than 3,000 years and a glorious revolutionary tradition. It is a famous historical and cultural city in China and the birthplace of Bayu culture. At the end of the Paleolithic period, about 20,000-30,000 years ago, people lived in Chongqing. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in BC 1 1 century, the Ba people established the Ba State with Chongqing as its capital. In its heyday, the territory of Pakistan was "rich in Chongqing (now fengjie county) in the east, Taoist temple in the west, Hanzhong in the north and Qianfu in the south", with Chongqing as the administrative center, which governed eastern Sichuan, southern Shaanxi, western Hubei, northwestern Hunan and northern Guizhou. Throughout the dynasties since Qin and Han dynasties, this area was a unified administrative jurisdiction for most of the time, and its administrative center was located in former Chongqing. Chongqing was called Jiangzhou in ancient times, and later called Baxian, Chuzhou, Yuzhou and Duke of Zhou. In 58 1 year, Wendi changed Chuzhou to Yuzhou, and Chongqing was called "Chongqing" for short. In AD 1 189, he was first named King Gong, and then he ascended the throne. He claimed to be "double happiness" and was promoted to Chongqing, hence the name Chongqing, which has been more than 800 years.

geological

Chongqing is located in the southwest of China, on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with a land span of105 ゜1'-10/1'and a latitude of 28 ゜. Chongqing is a world-famous mountain city, and its most prominent feature is its undulating terrain and strong three-dimensional sense. Chongqing's jurisdiction is mainly distributed along the Yangtze River, mainly in hills and low mountains, with an average elevation of 400 meters. The terrain inclines from north to south to the Yangtze River basin, with great ups and downs, showing the shape of "one mountain, one ridge" and "one mountain, one trough and two ridges". The geology is mostly karst landform, so there are many caves, hot springs, canyons and passes. Chongqing is located at the intersection of the Yangtze River and Jialing River, surrounded by mountains, rivers and cities. It is famous not only as a river city, but also as a mountain city. However, the most distinctive thing is the night in the mountain city. Looking into the distance, the lights of thousands of households are undulating and scattered, and the silver clouds are fading, which complement each other with the sparkling stars in the two rivers. Its scenery is charming.

Traffic introduction

Chongqing is surrounded by mountains and rivers, with undulating geography and steep ditches. The government attaches great importance to the development of urban three-dimensional traffic. In the past 20 years, Yangtze River Highway Bridge, Jialing River Shimen Highway Bridge, Yangtze River Lijiatuo Highway Bridge and Fengdu, Fuling, Wanzhou and Jiangjin Yangtze River Highway Bridges have been built successively. Newly opened the Yangtze River, Jialing River Jiang Yan Road and high-grade highways running through the city and connecting the whole country; New construction, expansion and reconstruction of international institutions, railway stations and passenger terminals; More than 140 bus lines have been opened to all parts of the city and suburbs, sending nearly 10 thousand trains every day; And built supporting facilities to adapt to the unique three-dimensional traffic in the mountain city, including the Yangtze River, Jialing River's passenger crossing Jiangsu Road, Chaotianmen Wharf cable car, Caiyuanba escalator, Kaixuan Road elevator and Nanshan, Geleshan and Nanquan sightseeing ropeways. Chongqing is also a water, land and air transportation hub in southwest China. There are daily flights between major and medium-sized cities in China, as well as irregular flights to Thailand and Japan. From Chongqing to the cities and ports along the Yangtze River in Shanghai, luxury foreign-related tourist ships, tourist passenger ships and ordinary passenger ships of various shipping companies are sailing. Passenger trains 19 pairs are operated between major cities in China, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Kunming, Chengdu, Xi and Zhengzhou. There are luxury air-conditioned cars and long-distance buses to and from Chengdu, Yibin, Leshan and other surrounding cities. The rugged mountain road became a thoroughfare.

tourist resources

Chongqing is endowed with unique tourism resources. Within the city, Bashan stretches and Chongqing waters are criss-crossing, overlooking a long history and profound cultural accumulation, which constitutes a magnificent natural scenery integrating mountains, water, forests, springs, waterfalls, gorges and caves and a strong cultural color integrating Bayu culture, ethnic culture, immigrant culture, Three Gorges culture, "capital" culture and urban culture. From the former site of Tu Shan, which was "unable to enter and leave" in the summer, to the remains of many celebrities and bipartisan events in the country; From the true face of the hanging coffin of Daning River through the ages to the historic site of Hechuan Fishing City with a broken whip; From the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, which is well-known in ancient and modern times, to the Dazu stone carving, which is well-known in the world, it has formed the "Mountain City Scenery", "Golden Line of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River" and "Eight Characteristic Tourist Areas" with Chongqing characteristics, with more than 300 scenic spots, including more than 10 national cultural relics protection unit. At the same time, the quaint and unique folk customs of Bayu are fascinating, and the colorful local literature and art are fascinating. Chongqing is also one of the main representative regions of Sichuan cuisine. Eating and traveling complement each other, adding infinite elegance to tourists. Chongqing is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China, with numerous ancient cultural sites and landscapes. Wushan Longgupo Site, Dazu Stone Carving, Fuling Baiheliang, Fengjie Bai Di City and Hechuan Fishing City are all national key cultural relics protection units. Chongqing is also a city with a glorious revolutionary tradition. Revolutionary memorial sites or accompanying capital sites include Hongyan Village, No.50 Zengjiayan, Guiyuan, Xinhua Daily, Chongqing Negotiation Site, Geleshan Martyrs Cemetery, Baigongguan, Zhazidong, Sino-US Cooperation Research Institute Site, Forest Garden, Huangshan Accompanying Capital Site, and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's former site-the temporary government of North Korea. The old appearance of Chongqing is debatable, and the new makeup is more exotic, attracting more and more Chinese and foreign tourists to visit.

folk culture

Bayu culture is a part of China traditional culture with a long history. "Yanhuang" began in the Yellow River Basin, and from Yu Xia, the legends of our ancestors began to spread southward. Yu was born in three places, all in the Yangtze River valley, namely, Sichuan, Jiujiang, Jiangxi and Anhui. According to a large number of historical records, Yu was born in Guangrao County, Wenshan County, Sichuan Province, and married Tushan in Jiangzhou. Gujiangzhou is Chongqing today. After Qin destroyed Ba State and established Sheba County, Ba people entered the process of sinicization by leaps and bounds. For more than 3,000 years, Chongqing has left the mark of China traditional culture everywhere. At the junction of Chongqing and Hubei, there are the hometowns of Qu Yuan and Wang Zhaojun. Fuling Zhouyi Garden is the birthplace of Neo-Confucianism in Zhu Cheng. Dazu stone carving, which brings together a large number of grotto art treasures in China during the Tang and Song Dynasties; Hechuan Fishing City preserves the ancient battlefield site where Nanjing soldiers and civilians fought against Mongolian invasion. Poets of past dynasties, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, Lu You, Guo Moruo, etc. I have written many famous sentences here. Bayu people have formed a folk custom for thousands of years, such as watching lanterns during the Spring Festival, worshipping ancestors during the Tenth Five-Year Plan, enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, hanging wine, catching up with temple fairs, sitting in sedan chairs and flying kites. It covers weddings, funerals, entertainment and games, the concept of ghosts and gods, taboos of sacrifice, seasons and seasons, industrial and commercial transactions, etc., which are similar to those in other parts of China. Chongqing's colorful local dramas, folk arts, paintings, handicrafts and mass festivals can also reflect the customs of Bayu.

economy

Chongqing, relying on the "golden waterway" of the Yangtze River, rich resources and vast market, has become the industrial and commercial center of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River since the Han Dynasty, and has now developed into a self-contained economic, political and cultural center city with complete industries and categories, integrating heavy industry, light industry and trade. It is also the city with the strongest scientific and technological strength in Southwest China. Chongqing is both a big city and a "big country", and agriculture and rural economy play an important role in the city's economy. The vast countryside, diverse landforms and natural environment suitable for animals and plants to inhabit and grow endow Chongqing with superior conditions for developing three-dimensional agriculture and ecological agriculture. Chongqing has implemented the policy of focusing on grain and pork production and developing agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and by-products in an all-round way, and has become an important commodity grain base and a famous commodity base for pork and pigs in China. Chongqing is located at the junction of the eastern part of China with rapid economic development and the western part with abundant resources, and it is the intersection of the Yangtze River basin and the regional economy in the southwest region, so it has become the transportation, post and telecommunications hub in the southwest region of China. Chongqing enjoys extensive land, sea and air transportation, forming a convenient and efficient three-dimensional transportation network with many large and medium-sized cities in China and even the world. "It's hard to get through the Shu Road" has long been a sigh of the past.