Compare the similarities and differences between ancient Egyptian civilization and ancient West Asian civilization (more than 600 words)

Ancient Egypt refers to one of the four ancient civilizations, generally referring to the Egyptian civilization in the lower reaches of the Nile River during the Persian occupation from around 32nd century BC to 343rd BC. Ancient Egypt was a typical hydraulic empire.

Ancient Asia refers to Israel founded by Jews.

The first protagonist is Sumerians, who are basically bald and smooth. Where did they come from? Academia is still unclear. They only know that they settled in the two river basins from 5000 to 4000 BC, entered civilization in 3500 BC, and established dozens of city-states in the two river basins, mainly including lagache, Kish, Ur, Uma, uruk and Nipur. These small countries develop at the same time. Before this civilization was discovered, people thought that the earliest civilization in the two river basins was the ancient Babylonian civilization, which began at 1894 BC. After the discovery of Sumerian civilization, people realized that ancient Babylonian civilization was not the beginning of civilization in the two river basins, which pushed forward the time of ancient West Asian civilization by 1600 years.

The second protagonist is Akkadian of Sem language family. These bushy-haired northerners are part of Sumerian civilization. When Sumerian city-states competed for hegemony with each other, they took advantage of it and established Akkad Kingdom (237 BC1-265438 BC+09 BC1), which was founded by sargon. He made 34 expeditions to conquer Sumerian city-states. The kingdom of Akkad also made expeditions to Elam and Asia Minor, and established a standing army with a population of 5,400. However, sargon's ruling method is to "make the whole country have only one mouth", that is, to be kind to soldiers, regardless of whether the people live or die, it is common to destroy cities, so resistance and uprising are frequent. When the fourth king Nallam came to power, the power of Akkadian kingdom expanded again, but it soon began to decline. The penultimate king died in a palace coup. In about 2 19 1 year BC, Kuti, a nomadic people from the northeast mountainous area, invaded the two river basins and destroyed the Akkadian kingdom.

The third protagonist is the third Ur Dynasty established after Sumerian Renaissance. The backward Kuti people did not establish a unified country in the two river basins, and their rule over Sumer was weak, and the Sumer States gradually revived. About 2 120 BC, uruk drove out the Kuti people. Soon, King Ullner of Ur defeated uruk, established the Third Dynasty of Ur (about 2 1 13-2006 BC), and unified the south of the two river basins again. The unified Ur Third Dynasty was the heyday of Sumerian civilization with outstanding achievements. However, this civilization did not last long. Because it practices harsh slavery, the result is that the strong are extravagant and the weak are miserable. Finally, it was completely destroyed by two nomadic tribes in primitive society in 2006 BC, and this civilization finally died with its slavery system.

The fourth protagonist is ancient Babylon. After the third dynasty of Ur was destroyed by Elam and Amorim, Elam quickly returned to the eastern mountainous area, and Amorim settled in the two river basins. Because the Amorites are still at the end of primitive society, the two river basins have temporarily regressed. Later, they accepted Sumerian culture and established some Amorite countries in the two river basins, including Larsa, Yixing and other small countries and ethnic minorities. By BC 1894, a small country, Babylon, attached to its neighboring countries was established. This rising star gradually became stronger during the sixth generation of Moravia in Wang Han. Therefore, the ancient Babylonian kingdom was not the earliest ancient civilization in the two river basins. During Hammurabi's reign (BC 1792- 1750), he first devoted himself to internal development. By the time Hammurabi ruled for 3 1 year, his national strength had been enriched. Therefore, Hammurabi adopted a flexible foreign policy, concentrated his efforts on attacking a major enemy at one time, unified the two river basins, and made the kingdom of Babylon enter its heyday and become a great empire for a while. However, after Hammurabi's death, the ancient Babylonian kingdom immediately began to decline. In addition to the invasion of barbaric tribes in the northeast, there are riots in the south, which is of course related to the incompetence of successors. In this way, the foreign invasion of civil strife was eliminated by the Hittites in BC 1595. After the Hittites destroyed Babylon, they quickly retreated, but the savage Gassett invaded Babylon again and ruled Babylon for nearly 400 years. In this way, coupled with the decline of Babylon, the two river basins have regressed for nearly 600 years.

The fifth protagonist is Assyria. This is a terrible people in ancient west Asia, located in the northern part of the two river basins, and entered civilization at the end of 3000 BC. However, this protagonist was originally an obscure backward mountain country, and its rise was also ups and downs, so scholars divided its civilization history into three stages: early Assyrian (about the end of 3000 BC-mid-2000 BC), middle Assyrian (about 15-9 century BC) and Assyrian Empire (745-605 BC). Early Assyria expanded outward at the end of 19 BC and the beginning of 18 BC, and there was an upward trend. However, in 16 BC, Assyria was enslaved by the powerful neighboring kingdom of Maydani for more than one hundred years. In the middle period, Assyria rose in15th century BC after being attacked by Hittites in Medani, and became strong again in12nd century BC. However, due to Assyria's "three light policies", the resistance was very fierce. By the12nd century BC, Assyria had declined because of the attacks by Alamian people in the west and Zagros mountain tribes in the east. The Assyrian Empire rose when the powers of West Asia and North Africa declined one after another in the 10 century BC. After the establishment of the empire, it was still a "three-light policy" at first, but it was changed to an immigration policy because of fierce resistance. But this empire has always been maintained by force, so there are many contradictions. In addition to ethnic and class contradictions, there are also sharp contradictions within the ruling class such as military nobles and businessmen, monks and nobles. These contradictions and struggles will inevitably weaken the national strength of the empire. By 6 12 BC, the imperial capital was jointly captured by the Medes and the Chaldeans. In 605 BC, the last stronghold of the empire was captured and the Assyrian Empire perished.

The sixth protagonist is the new Babylon. After the disintegration of the Assyrian Empire, the protagonists on the stage of Western Asian civilization were generally the Kingdom of New Babylon, the Kingdom of Medes and the Kingdom of Lydia. The founders of the new kingdom of Babylon are the Chaldeans, who belong to the Samian language family with the Amorites who founded the kingdom of Babylon, so they are called the new kingdom of Babylon. After Assyria was destroyed by the Chaldeans and Medes, Assyria's legacy went to Medes in the north and New Babylon in the south. The Kingdom of Lydia is a country that rose in Asia Minor Peninsula in 1000 BC. It fought with the kingdom of Miti for the heritage of Assyria for six years, but because of the stalemate between the two sides, it had to conclude a peace treaty. Lydians inherited part of the Hittite empire (the other part was annexed by Assyria), and they and Hittites were basically Indo-Europeans. These two ethnic groups have a limited role in the stage of West Asian civilization. The Hittites invented iron, and the Lydians made coins out of gold and silver alloys. The Medes are also Indo-European. They established their country in the middle of the 7th century BC, and after inheriting the Northern Assyrian Empire, they made no significant contribution. Therefore, after the disintegration of the Assyrian Empire, the new kingdom of Babylon played a prominent role in the stage of civilization in West Asia, especially during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar, who invaded Palestine, Phoenicia and Egypt successively. However, this kingdom did not exist for a long time. People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded in 626 BC and was destroyed by the Persian Empire in 539 BC.

The seventh protagonist is the Persian Empire. Persians also belong to the Indo-European language family. Prior to this, the earliest country in the Iranian plateau was Elam, which was founded around 3000 BC with an intermittent history. The Medes rose north of Hulin and south of the Caspian Sea. After the Medes and Chaldeans destroyed Assyria, they became a great Iranian plateau country, but they were quickly destroyed by their vassal Persia. The Persians were still in the nomadic tribe stage in the 9th century BC. In the 7th century BC, it was ruled by the Medes. In 558 BC, Cyrus II, the founder of the Persian Empire, ascended the throne. In 553 BC, Cyrus II rose up against the rule of the Medes. In 550 BC, the Persians gained their independence and destroyed the kingdom of Medea. In 549 BC, Cyrus II began his conquest, successively conquering Elam, Lydia, Asia Minor, the New Kingdom of Babylon and parts of Central Asia. In 530 BC, although Cyrus II was killed while conquering the Masajit people, a nomadic tribe in Central Asia, Persia has become a great empire in West Asia. So Persia went from obscurity to latecomers. By the time Darius came to power, Persia had only been established for 28 years, but it had become a great empire spanning three continents: Asia, Africa and Europe. But this empire is a military empire maintained by force, and it is also a national exhibition hall lacking a unified economic foundation. Coupled with the empire's crazy plunder of the conquered areas, the national contradictions of the empire became more acute. In the 5th century BC, the Persian Empire launched a war of aggression against ancient Greece, which ended in failure and began to decline. By 330 BC, the Persian Empire was destroyed by about 50,000 troops led by King Alexander of Macedonia.

After the demise of the Persian Empire, the protagonists on the stage of civilization in West Asia successively included Seleucu Kingdom, Parthia Empire (Rest in Peace Empire) and Sassanian Dynasty in Persia.