Why did America become a Nobel Prize Power?

Aside from the overall system, let's talk about two specific factors: first, the region and unit where each scientist is located must have a high degree of freedom to ensure the imagination, topic selection, design and experiment of scientists without any interference or restriction from administrative power; Second, it is unthinkable to carry out real and particularly profound scientific research and innovation with sufficient financial support without strong financial support. There is no doubt that Americans do the best in these two points. As Lias, a member of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, said, compared with other countries, the United States has formed its own advantages in the field of scientific research, and the entire scientific research system in the United States has created a relaxed and suitable working atmosphere for scientists. Take kornberg (winner of this chemistry prize) as an example. He can devote himself to studying in his own field for 65,438+00 years without any pressure to force him to produce results. Needless to say, sufficient funds for scientific research are the hard power of the United States: the United States is one of the richest countries in the world, and more importantly, the government or institutions are willing to invest money in scientific research.

In addition to these factors, there is also a soft power that ordinary people can't see and talk about, that is, Americans generally attach importance to, love and support science. The United States is a country founded by immigrants from Europe and other countries and regions. In order to survive and develop, they need to innovate constantly. Innovation must first attach importance to scientific research, so advocating and encouraging scientific research has become the universal consciousness of Americans. This awareness is reflected in the fact that Americans regard scientific innovation as an obligation and responsibility to the country and society, rather than just pursuing personal interests and personal honors such as making money and getting rich. When 45-year-old Melo learned that he had won the Nobel Prize in Medicine, he suddenly felt that he was still young and should not win the prize until 10 or 20 years later. Later, he said that he would donate part of the prize money to charity. This shows that Americans engaged in scientific research are not eager for quick success and instant benefit, but pursue fame and fortune.

Another manifestation of Americans' love and dedication to science is that they take shortcuts without resorting to various forces, without changing their original intentions. Few Nobel Prize winners have ever been officials, or even presidents or deans of universities. Einstein once refused to be president of Israel. It also proves that the five Nobel Prize winners are all ordinary professors. Because scientists want to make a difference in the political and economic fields, they can't concentrate on scientific research, make major innovations and discoveries, and have nothing to do with the Nobel Prize. In the United States, scientific research and innovation are people's wishes and hobbies, and generally do not need the call of the government or organizational leadership. Generally speaking, the government does not implement macro-control and management of the scientific research work of the National Academy of Sciences and universities, let alone quantitative assessment of scientific research results, because doing so will bind scientists' hands and feet and limit their space for free thinking and exploration. All this is an indispensable soft power to ensure scientific discovery and continuous innovation in the United States.