Immigrating to the United States and returning to China to sweep graves

Korean people love sports very much. Wrestling is their ancient sport and entertainment. Playing football is a popular sport for men. Yanbian is known as the hometown of football. Swing and springboard are Korean women's favorite entertainment and sports activities.

Springboard: the traditional sport of Korean nationality. Popular in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and other Korean-inhabited areas. Most of them are held on Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Most of the participants are women. During the competition, 2-4 people stand at both ends of a seesaw about 5 meters long, and there are two kinds of "marking" and "performing". "Drawing lines" means putting a ball of lines at both ends of the seesaw and tying the drawn lines to the ankles of the competitors. In the specified time, the winner is judged by the length and height of the line drawn by the contestants when they bounce. "Performance" is divided into two types: optional action and prescribed action, and the score is mainly based on the difficulty and posture of the players' jumping action.

Swing: Also known as "swing", it is a traditional sport in Korea, especially loved by women, and it is also a frequently contested event. There are several ways to evaluate the winners in the competition: one is to take the leaves or flowers on the tall tree in front of the swing as the target and touch or bite off the leaves (flowers) with your feet to win; One is to hang a long rope under the pedal and measure the height of the swing. The highest person wins. Another is to erect two tree poles in front of the swing frame, and pull a rope with a bell horizontally on the poles. Wife changers decide the result according to the number of times they ring the bell.

Wrestling: Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province, known as the "hometown of wrestling", has a long history of wrestling. Every year on Dragon Boat Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival, four wrestlers get together to compete for the championship, and people often choose a fat cow as the winner's prize. During the competition, both sides put on special clothes, tied a white belt on their right leg, put their left hand into each other's belt, and grabbed each other's belt with their right hand. At the referee's command, both sides stood up at the same time. After several rounds of contests, the winner led the cow around the field with the sound of gongs and drums.

Tielianji: Korean Wushu has a history of more than 500 years. Wushu routines are mainly based on instruments, among which iron training machine is a famous instrument. Iron training is very similar to the big tip of traditional martial arts in China. A shoulder-high stick has a ring at the end, and the ring is covered with three radially arranged short joints, which are more than feet long. You can hold a stick with both hands when dancing. Brave style, wide control range, smashing, swinging, sweeping, winding, covering, putting aside, baking and other techniques, extremely wonderful.

A traditional Korean sports activity. Mainly popular in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province. Often held after work, the participants are all women. Before the start of the competition, the contestants first stood at the starting line with a crock of 10 Jin of water on their heads. After the referee gave the order, they sprinted, and each race lasted 100 meters or 200 meters. When you leave, whoever won't fall down, water won't spill, and whoever reaches the finish line first will be the winner.

korean fashion

Koreans prefer plain white clothes to show cleanliness, neatness, simplicity and generosity, so Koreans have been called "white people" and called themselves "white compatriots" since ancient times. Women wear short skirts and long skirts, which is also a major feature of Korean women's wear. Short coat is called "Gao Li" in Korean, which is a kind of clothes with oblique collar and no buttons and tied with a belt to cover only the chest; The long skirt is also called "Chima" in Korean, and it has fine pleats at the waist, which is loose and elegant. Most of this kind of clothes are made of silk with bright colors. Korean men usually wear plain jackets with vests, trousers with wide legs and ribbons tied at the legs. I wore a robe tied with a cloth belt when I went out, and now I am wearing a uniform or a suit.

Korean diet

The main foods of Koreans are generally rice and millet. Supplemented by fish, eggs, dairy products and seafood products, they are basically vegetarian, which is obviously different from people who eat meat. Spicy kimchi is an indispensable dish in the diet. In addition, they also like cakes, cold noodles, miso soup, peppers and dog meat very much.

Making cakes: one of the traditional foods that Koreans like best. Cake-making has a long history, which was recorded in Korean literature in the18th century. At that time, making cakes was called "attracting cakes" and was called one of the traditional foods. Nowadays, every family entertains relatives and friends with cakes on holidays or weddings. As the name implies, cakes are made. The main raw material for making cakes is glutinous rice. Where glutinous rice is not produced, use millet or millet; In addition to adzuki beans, there are soybeans, mung beans, pine nuts, chestnuts, red dates, sesame seeds and so on. It can also be used as the raw material of bean jelly. When making, the glutinous rice is washed, steamed, put into a cake-beating trough or slate, and smashed with a cake-beating hammer. When eating, dip a knife in water and cut it into small pieces to eat with the cake noodles.

Korean cold noodles: one of the traditional Korean foods. North Korea has a long history of cold noodles. According to Japanese historical records, in the first half of the17th century, Korean monks naively spread the method of making cold noodles to Japan. Koreans not only like to eat cold noodles in hot summer, but also like to sit on the kang and eat cold noodles even in cold winter. Especially from noon on the fourth day of the first lunar month every year, Koreans have the custom of eating cold noodles with the whole family. According to folklore, eating noodles on this day can "live for a hundred years", so cold noodles are also called "longevity noodles". The main raw materials of cold noodles are buckwheat flour, wheat flour and starch, and can also be made of corn flour, sorghum flour, elm bark powder and potato starch. The method is to add starch and water to buckwheat noodles, mix them into noodles, cool them with cold water after cooking, and add sesame oil, pepper, pickles, beef sauce and beef soup to make them cool and delicious.

Erming Liquor: It is a Korean custom to drink Erming Liquor. On the morning of the fifteenth day of the first month, I drank Erming wine on an empty stomach to wish my ears and eyes bright. This wine is not specially made. Any wine I drink on the morning of the fifteenth day of the first month is called "Erming wine".

Dog days and dog soup: Dog days are the hottest season of the year. But Koreans have the custom of killing dogs and eating dog meat hot soup in dog days. This sauce soup has a special taste, which can be greatly supplemented by eating dog meat sauce soup in dog days. Most Koreans like dog meat. But it is absolutely forbidden to eat dog meat at festivals or weddings. This is a custom and a courtesy.

Whole grain rice: Koreans have been eating whole grain rice for a long time. Silla national time; The fifteenth day of the first month is called "avoiding the sun", and the grain sweeps the crow. On the fifteenth day of the first month, farmers use glutinous rice, rhubarb rice, millet, sorghum rice and adzuki beans to make whole grain rice. Also put some in the cow trough to see what kind of food the cows eat first, indicating what kind of food they can harvest this year. This custom is still circulating among the people.

Rice wine: Koreans' favorite drink. Rice wine is their best treat for guests. If a guest comes to visit, the host always brings a bowl of rice wine brewed by himself. This wine is a little whiter and slightly sweeter than yellow rice wine. This rice wine is full of stamina. When the elders drink together, they should move their heads aside to drink, and never raise their glasses to drink in front of the elders, otherwise it is disrespectful to the elders.

Spicy cabbage: one of the favorite traditional foods of Korean people. Every winter, after the Chinese cabbage comes down, they start to make spicy cabbage. At this time, no matter in rural areas or towns, everyone has to cook, ranging from a few hundred kilograms to a thousand kilograms, because they have to eat until the next spring. Spicy cabbage, fragrant and refreshing, has the effects of relieving boredom and hangover, helping digestion and stimulating appetite. It is not only a regular dish at home on weekdays, but also a banquet. Therefore, it is very popular and has become an indispensable dish in the daily diet of Koreans.

Korean residence

Most Korean villages are located on the flat land under the hillside. There are two common forms in rural areas: straw houses and tile houses. Most of the buildings in the village face south or southeast, southwest, tile houses and straw houses, and the walls of the houses are painted white. The roof consists of four inclined planes. The roof of the main house is in the shape of an adult, with a small slope on both wings, covered with straw or gray tiles. Open one or four doors in front of each house and open the windows at the same time. There are also doors and windows in the back. Rooms are generally divided into bedrooms, guest rooms, kitchens and warehouses. Some people built wing rooms in the main room as houses and warehouses. Indoor flat kang is paved with adobe or flat buried flaky. Take off your shoes and sit on the kang. The foundation of the outdoor house is 60-70 cm from the ground, and there are steps outside.

Marriage and love of Koreans

In terms of marriage, Koreans are monogamous. According to traditional customs, close relatives, cousins and surnames are not allowed to get married. It is a common custom that "men are in charge of the outside and women are in charge of the inside". Before liberation, marriage was arranged by parents, and early marriage was common, as well as polygamy and child bride. Korean wedding customs, from matchmaking to marriage, go through six ceremonies, namely "receiving gifts", "asking names", "Naji", "collecting coins", "inviting parties" and "welcoming guests". The gift of "Nacai" was given by the groom's family when they proposed to the bride's family. The "name-asking" ceremony is a ceremony to predict the bride's future luck and ask her mother's name. The "Naji" ceremony is an auspicious day for the groom's family to inform the bride's family. "Gifts" are blue satin, red silk and other gifts given to the bride by the groom's family. The "invitation" ceremony means that the groom's family will send the selected wedding date to the bride's family in writing for comments, and the bride's family will reply according to the girl's specific situation. "Wedding ceremony", that is, the bride's family will reply according to the girl's specific situation. The "wedding ceremony", that is, the groom greets the bride, is also the most solemn. The ceremony of Korean wedding is very complicated. In Yanbian, weddings are usually held in two stages: first at the bride's house, and then at the groom's house. What is held at the bride's house is called "the groom's wedding" and what is held at the groom's house is called "the bride's wedding". The groom's wedding is generally conducted in the order of goose-laying ceremony, goose-worshipping ceremony, sexual intercourse ceremony and banquet ceremony. After living in the bride's house for three days, the groom went home alone, and then the bride waited for the selected auspicious day to be welcomed into the groom's house. The groom's family also held a wedding banquet for the bride. The next day, the bride and her husband's family recognized each other, gave gifts to each other and were invited to a banquet. At this point, the wedding is over. Koreans generally don't get divorced after marriage. They held a ceremony of offering wooden geese at the wedding, symbolizing the wish of husband and wife to grow old together.

Funeral of Koreans

Most Koreans practice burial, and cremation is also practiced in some areas. After the death of an old Korean man, relatives are not allowed to wash their faces, have haircuts or eat dry food for three days, and they must wear mourning clothes. When relatives and friends come to pay their respects, they kowtow three days before the body, and then kowtow to each other with relatives of the deceased. The funeral must be held on the same day. Dress the dead with new clothes and burn the old ones. Buried in three days. Before burial, please ask Mr. Feng Shui to choose a cemetery. The cemetery should be located on the sunny side of the hillside, with the head facing the top of the mountain and the feet facing down. After burial, the tomb was offered offerings and bowed down. In the future, we will worship for three days, and make sacrifices before meals: the first day is called "the first cloud", the second day is called "cloud worship", and the third day is called "the third cloud" when we take sacrifices to the cemetery. In the future, every birthday, anniversary, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival will be dedicated to the dead.

Korean festivals

The festivals of Korean people are basically the same as those of Han people. The main festivals in a year are Spring Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition, there are three family festivals, namely, the baby's first birthday, Jiahui Festival (60th birthday) and Wedding Returning Festival (60th wedding anniversary).

Korean Spring Festival: Koreans who can sing and dance well have a colorful holiday life. On New Year's Eve, the whole family stayed up all night, and the ancient music of gayageum and Dong Xiao brought people into a new realm. During the festival, men, women and children indulge in singing and dancing, springboard pressing and tug-of-war. And the venue is very lively and people are eager to watch it. On the fifteenth night of the first month, a traditional celebration was held. Several old people boarded the wooden "moon-looking frame" to see the bright moon first, which meant that his children and grandchildren were healthy and all the best. Then, everyone sang and danced around the brightly lit "full moon building", accompanied by the sound of long drums, flutes and suona, until they had a good time.

Shangyuan Festival: Korean traditional China New Year. It is held on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month every year, and the festival lasts for one day. On this day, North Korea will first send lanterns to ancestral graves, then put lanterns in the hall, hang sky lanterns in the yard, hang wall lanterns on both sides of the courtyard door and put lanterns in the river. On this day, we will take medicine and rice, whole grain rice and drink conga wine. Medicinal rice takes glutinous rice and honey as basic raw materials. Mix jujube, chestnut, pine nuts, etc. And cooking. Because the raw materials of medicinal rice are expensive, it is not easy to get them all. Generally, five kinds of "five-in-one rice" such as rice, millet, rhubarb rice, glutinous rice and Mi Dou are used instead. Looking forward to the bumper harvest of grain that year. There are many games in the Lantern Festival. There used to be torch wars, car wars, tug-of-war and so on. Torch war, that is, firefight, depends on whose torch is the brightest and burns the longest. Whose car is better than the bucket? The whole village takes part in all recreational activities. The onlookers drummed and cheered, and it was very lively. The winners celebrated their victory by singing and dancing. In the evening, everyone held torches at the height of Dongshan to welcome the full moon. Whoever is blessed in that year will see the full moon rising. After welcoming the moon, men, women and children will step on the bridge in the moonlight. Stepping on a bridge, also known as stamping a bridge. In Korean, "bridge" and "leg" are homophonic, which means practicing legs with a bridge. When stepping on the bridge, everyone has to go back and forth on the bridge several times to dozens of times, and the number of times must be commensurate with their age, so as to pray for blessings and eliminate disasters.

Baby's birthday: the baby's first birthday. The first anniversary of a baby is the most important in Korean life ceremonies. The celebration of the baby's first anniversary is also grand. When the baby's birthday comes, the baby's mother dresses herself up beautifully, then dresses the child in a set of elaborate national costumes, and then carries the child to the prepared birthday table so that the baby can "have a look" at the "playing with water" specially arranged for him. There will be some symbolic things on the table, such as cakes, sweets, food, pens, books and small guns. After all the guests arrived, the baby's mother asked the child to take anything he liked from all kinds of things on the table. When the child reached for something from the table, the guests cheered and said something to make them happy. This process is called the "ceremony" of the baby's birthday table. In some places, there is a custom that old people put an ordinary white line around their children's necks to show that they hope their children can be white like the white line and live as long as the long line.

Shampoo Festival: June 15th of the lunar calendar is the Korean Shampoo Festival. This day is considered an auspicious day. Early in the morning, men, women and children went to the river to wash their hair. It is said that it is lucky to wash your hair with the stream flowing eastward. In the evening, people will hold a shampoo banquet and sing shampoo songs at home, and then the whole family, old and young, will happily sit together and have a sumptuous dinner.

Wedding Return Etiquette: Among Korean family festivals, the most grand one is "Wedding Return Etiquette", also known as "Wedding Return Etiquette", which is the 60th anniversary of marriage. Holding a wedding festival must meet the following three conditions: First, the old couple are alive; Second, the biological child is alive; Third, no grandchildren died. If there are dead children or grandchildren, you can't hold a wedding festival. Therefore, it is a great honor for anyone to hold a wedding festival, and relatives and friends should come to congratulate them. An old couple put on their wedding dresses when they were young and helped each other to sit at the dinner table. Everyone frequently raises a glass to bless, which is more lively and grand than the wedding of young people.

June Festival: June Festival is an international children's day, but it has evolved into a new national festival in Yanbian. In Yanbian, people regard Children's Day as an important child-friendly activity. On June 1 day, people are often crowded, and people wear holiday clothes and flock to the park for garden activities.

Korean custom

Etiquette: Koreans pay attention to their husbands' filial piety, and the eldest son supports their parents. People despise unfilial people and behaviors very much. The younger generation of the Korean nationality must use honorific words when talking to their elders, and also use honorific words when meeting with peers for the first time. When eating, the elders should move chopsticks first before others can eat. When eating, the spoon should be placed in the soup bowl. If it is placed on the table, it means that it has been finished. When walking with the elderly, young people must walk behind. If there is something urgent, you must explain the reason to the elderly.

Wedding reception: Every Korean family attaches great importance to the birthday of the elderly. On parents' 60th birthdays, children will hold a "flower banquet" (also called a flower ceremony) for the elderly. At the flower banquet, children and relatives get together, and the old couple put on new clothes and sit in the middle. Children in costumes sit in order of age. At the beginning of the birthday, from the eldest son's wife to the grandson, they poured wine in turn and bowed down to bless the old man, thanking him for his hard work and upbringing. After the ceremony, the children warmly treated their relatives and friends.

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