Award-winning works of immigrant Mars

Have you ever fantasized about immigrating to Mars?

Mars is the most earth-like planet in the solar system, with not only the atmosphere, but also water. Therefore, people have high hopes for it and expect to realize the plan of immigrating to Mars in the future.

But the environment of Mars is only better than other celestial bodies, much worse than the earth, and even worse than deserts and polar regions.

However, there is a new material that offers the possibility of emigrating to Mars. It can not only build a Mars house to provide a good living environment, but also make a Mars suit to solve people's travel problems.

This new material, called aerogel, has more than 10 world records, and was rated as one of the top ten new materials that changed the world by the authoritative magazine Science.

The United States has set up a company to produce aerogels, and will use them to produce spacesuits, so that humans can land on Mars for exploration. Although the United States dominates the world, it has never been sloppy in science and technology.

Aerogel is actually a solid substance similar to jelly. Jelly, also called hydrogel, contains a lot of water. Turning this water into air becomes aerogels, also called xerogels.

This thing looks no different from jelly It looks like a jelly with a Q-bomb. It will spread out in the sun and look like a piece of smoke.

So it is also called "frozen blue smoke", which sounds quite romantic. But in fact, aerogels are much more useful, otherwise they will not be rated as the top ten new materials by science.

First, simply understand the characteristics of aerogels.

The first is lightness. Aerogel is the lightest solid material in the world. At present, the lightest aerogel is called "All carbon aerogels", and its density is about 0. 16 mg per cubic centimeter, which is only 1/6 of the air density.

Secondly, heat insulation, because the thermal conductivity of air is the lowest among heat-conducting media, nano-porous structure further reduces the thermal conductivity, and its thermal insulation capacity is 39 times stronger than that of glass.

Moreover, aerogels themselves are also very resistant to high temperatures, especially silicon aerogels, which can resist the high temperature of 1200 degrees without being melted, and are excellent thermal insulation materials and insulating materials.

Aerogel has become an irreplaceable new material in aerospace field.

The third is super adsorption.

This is also because of its nano-porous structure and super compression resistance, which can be recovered in a short time, so aerogel can also be added to other materials to make it an adsorption material.

Of course, aerogel, as a new material that can change the world, will certainly do more than that. Widely used in all walks of life, completely changed people's clothing, food, housing and transportation.

For example, adding aerogel to cloth can make light and warm clothes, and excellent heat insulation can ensure that it will not emit body temperature, and the material is light, which makes people wear and travel more convenient.

Aerogels can also be used in construction industry, medicine, chemistry, electric power and energy industry. However, the preparation of aerogels is too difficult, the cost is high and the output is low, so there is no way to popularize them on a large scale in the civil field at present.

This year, for example, Mars rovers in the United States and China used aerogels to escort them.

In addition to protecting the rover from the high temperature generated by the reverse thrust engine when landing, it also needs to resist the cold weather on Mars, because the battery is easy to lie down in a low temperature environment.

After all, any rover is expensive and Mars is too far away. Any slight damage will cause the rover to be scrapped.

So can you build a house on Mars with aerogels?

The surface environment of Mars looks similar to the Gobi desert of the earth, the only difference is that the atmosphere is thin and the oxygen content is so low that it can be directly ignored.

Atmospheric pressure is only 0.8% of that of the earth. If the human body is directly exposed to Mars, the pressure difference will make the blood swell and boil, which is extremely uncomfortable.

Moreover, due to the thin atmosphere, the thermal insulation effect of Mars is not good. The temperature is only MINUS 20 degrees during the day and as low as MINUS 80 degrees at night. Coupled with ultraviolet radiation, human beings really can't travel without special Mars suits.

Some people may ask, this environment is not too bad, at least it is much better than the moon. Can't the spacesuit for landing on the moon be used directly?

I really can't because it's too heavy.

When the United States landed on the moon by Apollo, a suit weighed 180 Jin, which was heavier than the average adult male, that is, the gravity of the moon was only16 of that of the earth, and astronauts could still walk in it.

But the gravity of Mars is about twice that of the moon, which is equivalent to the weight of this spacesuit Mars is 60 Jin. Not to mention ordinary people, even professionally trained astronauts can't walk around in it for a long time.

Therefore, immigration to Mars must first have a reduced version of the spacesuit. Aerogel, which is light in weight, durable and can insulate heat, is undoubtedly the best choice.

At the same time, we can also use 3D printing technology to apply aerogels to building materials to build a closed and transparent building that can provide moisture and heat preservation and standard atmospheric pressure.

Mars is very far away from the earth, and large-scale immigration to Mars must first solve the energy problem.

Secondly, the robot must first transform the environment of Mars, establish a base that can provide survival, and the most important thing is to solve the mass production problem of aerogels.

In a word, humans have been able to land on Mars, but there is still a long way to go to immigrate to Mars. In addition, the Martian environment is worse than the worst base environment on earth.

If humans can transform these places well, they will have an advantage over immigrating to Mars in terms of cost and comfort.

The earth is the most suitable place for us to live. Please cherish and protect our home.