Urban system planning in urban planning

China's new urbanization road should adhere to the principle of coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns, make full use of their respective advantages, and build an urban system with complete structure, perfect functions and coordinated operation. The planning of urban system must be based on the existing level of urbanization and economic development, and must conform to the regional reality.

1. Strategic layout of the eastern, central and western regions of the country's new urbanization

The strategic layout of the country's new urbanization, in the eastern region, optimize and upgrade the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations, and gradually build more internationally competitive urban agglomerations; In the central and western regions with strong carrying capacity of resources and environment, several urban agglomerations will be cultivated and expanded. On this basis, give priority to developing small and medium-sized cities with obvious location advantages and good basic conditions, focus on developing small towns, and gradually develop central towns in the eastern region, counties in the central and western regions and important border ports into qualified small and medium-sized cities.

Focusing on the strategic layout of urbanization in the future, the state will promote the construction of railways, highways, water transport, aviation, oil and gas pipelines and urban transportation infrastructure as a whole, and play its supporting and guiding role in the development of urbanization.

2. National main functional area planning

As a master plan to guide and restrict population distribution, economic layout, land use and urbanization pattern in the future, the main functional area planning will become a new way for local governments to implement macro-control and have a far-reaching and substantial impact on regulating spatial development behavior.

At the end of 20 10, the central government issued the national main functional area planning to all provinces, and the decision-making level released the signal to promote the new urbanization construction. Among them, the most clear is to build a "two horizontals and three verticals" urbanization strategic pattern with the land bridge passage and the Yangtze River passage as two horizontal axes and the coastal, Beijing-Harbin, Beijing-Guangzhou and Bao Kun passages as three vertical axes, so as to promote the Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.

3. Planning principles of new urban system

In the planning of new urban system, the role of central cities should be prominent, the functional types should be clear, and the development of each city should have its own characteristics, complement each other and be irreplaceable. The planning of urban system should focus on the coordinated development of the whole urban cluster, rather than simply overlapping or competing the development roads and industrial characteristics of cities in the cluster.

Rationally arrange the structure of large, medium and small towns, appropriately increase the number of medium-sized cities, build bridges connecting towns, focus on improving the quality of towns and enhance their functions; Control the number of megacities and strengthen the role of their regional centers; Focus on developing small towns with good foundations.

At the same time, the construction of urban system should be supported by infrastructure, especially transportation and communication facilities. Vigorously build fast-track networks, including high-speed railway networks, expressway networks, air corridors, huge ports and information highways, and promote the construction of urban systems with transportation networks and information and communication networks as the "skeleton".

4. Urban spatial layout strategy

(1) Implement the urban agglomeration strategy in areas with suitable economy, population, resources and environment. Optimize and integrate existing urban agglomerations, encourage intensive use of resources, independent innovation, circular economy, clean production, etc., and improve the quality of urban development. On the basis of optimizing the original urban agglomerations, we will continue to cultivate and develop new urban agglomerations, emphasize economic development and quality benefits, employment and industrialization and urbanization, social and ecological environment, and formulate preferential policies to encourage and attract people to enter and concentrate in employment placement, social security, education and culture, medical and health care and other fields.

(2) For areas with weak ecological carrying capacity, the speed and scale of urban development should be limited. Focus on the development of existing central cities, limit urban development and population size, formulate subsidy policies in housing, employment, social security, education and health, and guide local residents to move out or live together in the local area.

(3) For special nature reserves and areas prone to geological disasters, urban construction activities are strictly prohibited. Focusing on the protection of the ecological environment, combined with the relevant policies issued by the state, we will vigorously carry out population migration in various ways, such as employment training, transfer guidance, counterpart support for immigrants, and ecological migration.

5. Advocate the integration of production and city, and realize the systematic planning and management of industrial park towns.

"Industrial Park" is an important gathering form to fulfill the urban industrial function. It has radiation, demonstration and leading role in improving regional investment environment, introducing foreign capital, promoting industrial structure adjustment, industrial upgrading and developing regional economy. It is the booster of urban economic take-off and a realization form of urbanization. It is a faster and larger urbanization process that industries are concentrated in the park, relying on the demand of park expansion and employment to promote the construction of new cities and population agglomeration that directly match it.

The specific forms of the park are various, mainly including high-tech zones, development zones, science parks, industrial zones, industrial bases, characteristic industrial parks, industrial new cities, science and technology new cities and so on.

(1) In terms of industrial development, it is necessary to expand the industrial chain up and down, broaden the extension of the industrial chain before and after, enhance the attractiveness of supporting industries, and form industrial clusters.

(2) According to the requirements of new urban construction, accelerate the development of producer services such as finance and logistics, improve infrastructure and life supporting services, and transform from a single-function industrial zone to a modern comprehensive functional zone.

6. Improve the level of urban and rural planning and incorporate new rural communities into the urban system structure.

The new rural community refers to breaking the original village boundaries, moving and merging two or more natural villages or administrative villages in a certain period of time through unified planning and in accordance with unified requirements, building a new type of farmers' production and life with community service and management functions (also known as "central village"), and forming a new rural living model, service management model and industrial pattern. Different from traditional rural communities, new rural communities are not only based on agricultural industry, but also link industrial agglomeration, industrial development, service industry development with agricultural and rural development, which is an important part of modern urban system. It can't be equated with village transformation, nor is it a simple population resettlement. The key point is to change farmers' life and production mode, improve farmers' quality of life, intensively save land, adjust and optimize industrial structure, develop rural secondary and tertiary industries, promote agricultural modernization, promote farmers' transfer of employment on the spot, accelerate the narrowing of the gap between urban and rural areas, and let farmers enjoy the same public services as urban people, live the same life as urban people and enjoy economic development.