Lexical System of Qionglai Dialect

Dialect vocabulary system can be analyzed from two aspects: the source of vocabulary and the social life of people in dialect areas reflected by vocabulary.

1. Vocabulary source

First, the basic vocabulary is different. Basic vocabulary is one of the basic features of language. In the vocabulary system of dialect, its important core is basic vocabulary. The most important lexical differences between Chinese dialects are in the form of basic vocabulary, especially those commonly used monosyllabic words with derivative ability. Examples: moonlight, fog, hand pole, waist pole, foot pole, etc.

The second is the use of ancient characters. These ancient characters have disappeared in Putonghua, but Qionglai has a history of 2300 years, which continues the pronunciation of ancient Chinese and retains the pronunciation of ancient Shu dialect in pre-Qin. This is what we Qionglai people should be proud of.

Example:

1, Ba: ~ Zi/~ Guang Yun: "Shu people thought Pingchuan was ~"

2, Ba (sound zhā): ~ open/~ mouth "Guang Yun": "Zhang Ye, open also"

3, you (sound ch ī): ~ mouth/~ feet/~ hand "Guang Yun": "Women cut, but also prevent buying and cutting. Dance also. " Yu Shu: "Nothing is enough. Sorry, listen to this, Pingsheng. " Guan Hanqing's "West Shu Dream" is the first fold: "Tight sunflower stirrup."

4. Yi (Zhuò): ~ Maoer (axe for chopping wood in Qionglai mountain area, with flat blade and oblique angle. Also known as cat knife. )

The book under Thailand's oath: The Letter of Korea

5. Jie: This verb is spoken by Qionglai people every day, and there is not much explanation. Go to the street ~/~ Eat/~ Read Lv Chunqiu Rong Shi: "The rich and the poor are exhausted."

6. Tart: ~ Xiaomi/~ Wheat Ji Kang's "Treating Cai": "What you did was guilty."

7.Z: ~ edge/~ sub. The ancient meaning "here, here" and "poetry, elegance and encouragement": "build a room here"

8. Er: ~ Bian/~ qianzi. The demonstrative pronoun This. Liu Yiqing's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Appreciation": "The night is calm and the moon is in the sky."

Third, loanwords and immigrants. In Qionglai dialect, there are common loanwords in Sichuan Mandarin, such as pepper, bean, gourd (pumpkin) and sea pepper. At the same time, due to the mixed ethnic groups and immigrants in history, some related words will naturally appear. Such as: Laoshan (cunning Shaanxi people, derogatory name for Shaanxi immigrants), Huo Guang, Guang Guang (outsiders). From the middle of Qing Dynasty, foreign goods came to China and entered Sichuan via Guangdong. Sichuanese call it "Guangdong goods" and "Hong Kong goods".

It reflects the social life of local people.

First of all, it reflects the characteristics of the natural environment. Located in the western plain of Sichuan, bordering Qionglai Mountains. Landscape vegetation naturally appears in spoken language. For example: Xia Ling (ice), Xuemizi, Baitou Frost, Fogging (fog), Landslide (landslide), Shanzuo (tiankeng), Pass (mountain pass), Weir (river bank), Gully (ditch), Rock (ancient sound × i), Bone Water (mountain spring) and Cave.

The second is to reflect the characteristics of daily life. It reflects the daily life of farmers in mountainous areas, and these words are not common in cities. The following words are collected for Qionglai Youzha Township.

Catch the street (go to the street), fork charcoal (charcoal), bask in the dam (threshing floor, where millet and wheat are basked in), bask in bamboo poles (big mats for basking in grain), carry baskets, tighten the back (pocket), clamp the back (pit), exercise the field (plow the field) and dig the field.

Third, reflect the characteristics of customs. On the fifteenth day of the first month every year, there is a generally accepted custom, that is, to touch (steal) blue vegetables in other people's fields to show green, clean and safe, commonly known as "finding out." In the pronunciation of Qionglai dialect, Duanyang Festival (Dragon Boat Festival) is pronounced as Danyang Festival. Embryo Cat (tofu), avoid rot (tiger), prosperous son (pig blood), lucky (pig tongue), avoid tongue (erosion), erosion and jealousy.

Dialect vocabulary is an encyclopedia of the life of members in dialect areas, and it is a local history handed down from generation to generation with a long history and rich content. The characteristics of the above words are just examples.

Dialects about body movements:

Depth: height. Mostly used to refer to height and plant height.

Skull: head

Second floor: Uh.

Rear paw; Occipital part of brain

Dandruff: dandruff

Dimples: cymbals

Earth fingers: freckles

Eye drops: tears

Nose: runny nose

Earwax production: a slap in the face

Crest: gum

Heaven: the upper jaw

Bitch, talking: rumor monger

Heart: chest

Clip nest: armpit

Beibei: Belly.

Waist bar: waist

Naked body: Naked.

Underskin: Skin lesions near nails.

Zhaizi: fist

Guest knee: knee

Connecting to the rod: lower leg

Stuttering: Stuttering

Call Bao Er: Asthma.

Long pole: tall

Clamp: There is dust on the car body.

Sweating: Snoring

Have a dream: talk in your sleep

Benjamin: the painful struggle before death

Prescription: coffin

Dialect about action

Car: turn around, turn around

Look: Take a look.

Group: refers to looking for

Shout: reprimand

Volume: swearing

Roar: reprimand

Speak [derogatory] words loudly.

Za open: open

Ku: get down

Down: Get down.

Hit a head: take a trip

Question: Choose

Tatar: Fall.

Fight: Fight

Genie: quarrel, fight

Garden promotion: Garden promotion for others.

Pull out: support

Jing You: Take good care.

Bending acid: finding fault

Excellent people: unseemly

Jiasheng: Afraid

Eat your head: take advantage of it

Golden War: Push hard.

Setting stickers: cleaning

Teamwork: partnership

Throw away; throw away

Rida: Death

Crossbar: finished

Suppress: end

hope

Tease: to annoy.

Think: think

Trouble: thank you.

Can't stand it: can't stand it

Mark: I don't know.

Dialect of modality:

Genie: Smart.

Evil: awesome

7 arches and 8 meridians: uneven

Bruno sucks. I hope the king sucks: sucks.

Be frightened by the wind: not calm

Hanging eyebrow's eyes: hooligans

Dead skin blossoms: the spirit is unshakable.

Bow your head: untidy

Heilingbasa: Darkness

Black: It's too dark.

It is dark: it is ugly.

Tiejin: Push hard.

Clip bone: stingy

comfortable

Skimming: refreshing

Water: unreal

Insufficient: not strong

Leave: Not good.

H: ok.

Hang: risk

Bang: the adverb is very extreme.

Ty, hi, Dong: It all means big.

Zhang Ba: frivolous

Zhi Ya: Quiet.

Suffer evil: pity

Sour soup: bitter.

Hard elbow: tough and strong.

Qualifications: Not bad.

Shi Jing: Easy to use.

Cheap because of each other

Stretch and shake gracefully

Relaxed and relaxed, generous

Turn off the fire and dominate

Only before work

It doesn't matter if it doesn't exist.

Slow down all, all.

Fishing is light.

Dialects about personality and address:

Reveal a secret: sow discord

Jia Shao: Naughty.

Shao Pi, Shao Er. Not serious, embarrassed

Shit-flushing stick: showing off

Haber, Hanzi, fetal ger: idiot

Miao: People without power.

Bao: Describe a thin man, little finger.

Trembling Reiko is the focus of attention.

In the water, the tide is rising.

Bitch-skinned man with no self-esteem

Not good at language with yellow accent.

White flint plague pig, incompetent person

White Japanese, white Japanese craftsmen lie and people.

Vernacular lies

Show off in foreign markets

Bad debts. People who can't fool around.

A gambler.

Guawazi is ridiculous.

Students with low ability to warm pigs and poor grades

Fear of pregnancy reaction

Give someone away to get married

Tell your son to send his daughter-in-law not to marry his children.

A woman who eats like her mother-in-law marries her mother-in-law.

Yao maiden unmarried girl

Wife, head of the family, wife

Daughter-in-law refers to the son's wife locally.

Old man, old woman, old father-in-law, old father-in-law is the father of husband and wife.

Lao Tzu's old man; father

"Big uncle, don't also have a father?

Yao gu er Yao er

Habner fool

Dialects about animals:

Stealing a gun: refers to a bird

Qu: earthworm

Firefly: Firefly

Its girl: frog

Bubble Baby: Toad

Old Shuizi: Mouse

Old water on the eaves: bats

Autumn tiger: mantis

Woodpecker: grasshopper

Ghost leader: locust

Soil dog: mole cricket

Ma: ants

Oil thief: cockroach

Yang Chili pepper caterpillar, the kind that stings people.

dragonfly

Lazy cicada

Maduzi tadpole

Foot pig, called pig, tooth pig. boar

Grass pig sow

Tooth dog male dog

Stewed chicken and capon

Sea crab

Dialect about time

Chenzi last year

Which one lasts forever?

That one hundred years is a long time.

Haha for a while, cat for a while.

Swallow the sky, one day, another day, move the sky, and cut the past.

Ertian: In the future

The day before yesterday.

The day after tomorrow

Dark dusk

Wasi: At night,

Last night.

Just now: Just now.

Big Heier: Wait a minute.

Interrogative questions and other dialects

Paw: What's the matter?

Brewing: How about what?

Nishi: What?

Nishi Geer: What?

Brew what?

Zhongru

Many blocks, many blocks like this.

so much/so many

There are so many forms.

There are so many wolves

Wave blocking, wave blocking like this.

Fei Jia Chang Fei

How's it going?

Not the airport, not good, not Juaner. This means a lot.

Dialect about food:

MengMeng mo

Cinderella's tofu is just like the red Cinderella's.

Black Hui Mei Moore taro

Wang Zi, Wang Zi's coagulated blood.

Kitchen room

Zhangmenxian kitchen

Chicken head king rice noodles made of cooked food with chicken head pieces are terrible [my impression]

Houttuynia cordata Thunb

Mangmangfan

Gagaru